结直肠预防性单双腔造口对比的Meta分析

目的 比较结直肠预防性单腔造口与双腔造口的并发症,探讨何种造口方式更具有优势.方法 检索PubMed,Springer,Embase数据库公开发表的比较结直肠损伤后单双腔造口的研究和相关文献.通过采用RevMan 5.2统计软件,合并及比较两者并发症,选择计算相对危险度(95％CI)作为效应尺度指标来评估这两种方式的有效性及安全性.结果 6篇回顾性研究符合纳入标准,共计1 999例患者,6篇非随机对照研究的Meta分析结果显示单腔造口组发生造口脱垂(RR:0.23,95％ CI:0.05～0.99,P=0.05)和由造口因素引起造口回缩(RR:0.21,95％ CI:0.04～0.99,P=0.05)的风险较小.对于其他并发症造口狭窄、造口旁疝及造口周围皮炎等,分析结果差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)；但在造口缺血、坏死概率方面,双腔造口明显低于单腔造口(RR:5.08,95％ CI:1.94～13.22,P=0.009).结论 在结直肠损伤后,两种预防性造口方式各有利弊,但相对于结肠双腔造口而言,单腔造口术后并发症相对较少,更有利于患者的恢复,在严格处理造口血供的情况下,我们更支持单腔造口.     

白细胞过滤时机对于血小板输注效果影响的Meta分析

目的 系统评价WBC过滤时机对于血小板(PLT)输注效果的影响.方法 计算机检索Pubmed,EMBASE,Cochrane图书馆和中国生物医学文献数据库,检索年限从建库至2011年12月.纳入比较保存前与保存后过滤WBC的PLT输注效果的临床试验相关文献.采用RevMan 5.0软件进行Meta分析.结果 共纳入4篇相关研究的文献.Meta分析结果显示:与输注保存前过滤WBC的PLT相比,输注保存后过滤WBC的PLT的24 h血小板计数增加校正值(CCI)比较,差异无统计学意义[MD=-0.58,95％CI(-1.75,0.58),P=0.33],不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义[RR=0.76,95％CI (0.56,1.03),P=0.07].结论 WBC过滤时机对于PLT输注后24 h CCI值和不良反应发生率无影响.     

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??Abstracts?? Objective To evaluate the association between TBX1 gene mutation and conotruncal defects ??CTDs?? using Meta-analysis. Methods Studies on the relationship between TBX1 gene mutation and CTDs were searched from the databases of Wanfang?? VIP?? CNKI?? PubMed?? Elsevier Science Direct and Cochrane Library from their establishment date to September of 2013. According to the standards of inclusion and exclusion?? articles were evaluated. Poor quality studies were excluded. Relevant data were extracted from eligible studies to conduct meta-analysis. R2.15.3 software was applied for statistical analysis. Results Eight eligible studies involving 851 patients were analyzed in the study?? including 6 English literatures and 2 Chinese literatures. Three studies found 15 gene mutations?? and 5 studies found 26 gene polymorphisms. The results of Meta-analysis showed that the pooled TBX1 gene mutation rate was 2.13%??95??CI??0.76%—5.87%??. Conclusion The TBX1 gene mutation rate is low in CTDs patients. TBX1 gene mutation may not be the main genetic factor for CTDs.     

Soy,Soy Isoflavones,and Protein Intake in Relation to Mortality from All Causes,Cancers, and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review and Dose–Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies

ObjectiveWe conducted a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of prospective studies to summarize findings on the associations between intakes of soy, soy isoflavones, and soy protein and risk of mortality from all causes, cancers, and cardiovascular diseases.MethodsOnline databases were systematically searched to identify relevant articles published earlier than May 2018. We applied restricted cubic splines using random-effects analysis to assess dose–response associations. Between-study heterogeneity was assessed by I² value and Cochrane Q test. Potential publication bias was assessed by visual inspection of funnel plots and Begg regression test.ResultsIn total, 23 prospective studies with an overall sample size of 330,826 participants were included in the current systematic review and the meta-analysis. Soy/soy products consumption was inversely associated with deaths from cancers (pooled relative risk 0.88, 95% CI 0.79 to 0.99; P=0.03; I²=47.1%, 95% CI 0.0% to 75.4%) and cardiovascular diseases (pooled effect size: 0.85, 95% CI 0.72 to 0.99; P=0.04; I²=50.0%, 95% CI 0.0% to 77.6%). Such significant associations were also observed for all-cause mortality in some subgroups of the included studies, particularly those with higher quality. In addition, higher intake of soy was associated with decreased risk of mortality from gastric, colorectal, and lung cancers as well as ischemic cardiovascular diseases. Participants in the highest category of dietary soy isoflavones intake had a 10% lower risk of all-cause mortality compared with those in the lowest category. We also found that a 10-mg/day increase in intake of soy isoflavones was associated with 7% and 9% decreased risk of mortality from all cancers and also breast cancer respectively. Furthermore, a 12% reduction in breast cancer death was indicated for each 5-g/day increase in consumption of soy protein. However, intake of soy protein was not significantly associated with all-cause and cardiovascular diseases mortality.ConclusionsSoy and its isoflavones may favorably influence risk of mortality. In addition, soy protein intake was associated with a decreased risk in the mortality of breast cancer. Our findings may support the current recommendations to increase intake of soy for greater longevity.     

单臂试验连续型数据的贝叶斯Meta分析方法及实现

目的 介绍单臂试验连续型数据的Meta分析模型、贝叶斯方法及实现。方法 阐述正态-正态层次模型,基于该模型框架,以贝叶斯方法拟合随机效应模型,对效应参数μ和异质性参数τ分别选择不同的先验,使用R软件的bayesmeta包对两个文献数据重新分析。结果 在正态-正态层次模型框架下,基于不同的先验信息,贝叶斯Meta分析结果为:数据1参数μ的点估计及95%CI分别为-4.26(-6.97, -1.92)和-4.50(-9.27, -0.53),参数τ点估计及95%CI分别为1.51(0.41, 2.75)和2.28(0.00, 6.57);数据2参数μ的点估计及95%CI分别为-4.07(-5.54, -2.71)和-4.12(-5.96,-2.46),参数τ点估计及95%CI分别为1.54(0.78, 2.48)和1.81(0.74, 3.51)。结论 不同的先验可能影响参数估计值。基于NNHM框架下的贝叶斯方法适用于单臂试验连续型数据的Meta分析。Bayesmeta包以其简单、快速、准确、可重量性算法等可以用于实现贝叶斯随机效应模型Meta分析。     

网状Meta分析在JAGS软件中的实现

JAGS是为了弥补WinBUGS软件和OpenBUGS软件而研发的一款基于贝叶斯统计的软件。该软件属于编程软件,自身独立拥有软件的一套贝叶斯运算函数及公式。JAGS软件具有操作界面简单,与系统兼容好,运行流畅,且与其他软件具有良好交互性的优点,能够完成各种类型的Meta分析。由于该软件自身缺乏对结果数据读取、解读以及图形绘制等功能,使得其的应用及推广较差;而其与其他软件具有良好交互性的这一特点,使其能够与R软件完美地相结合并充分地弥补该部分功能不足。本文以实例剖析的形式介绍了如何使用JAGS软件实现最复杂和最热门的网状Meta分析。     

Gamma-glutamyl transferase and risk of type II diabetes: an updated systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis

PurposeWe assessed the nature of the dose-response relationship between gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels and risk of incident type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the general population.MethodsSystematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of published prospective studies. Relevant studies were identified in a literature search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases up to June 2014. We examined a potential nonlinear relationship using restricted cubic splines.ResultsOf the 300 titles reviewed, we included 24 cohort studies with data on 177,307 participants and 11,155 T2DM cases. In pooled analysis of 16 studies with relevant data, there was evidence of a nonlinear association between GGT and T2DM risk in both males (P for nonlinearity = .02) and females (P for nonlinearity = .0005). In a comparison of extreme thirds of baseline levels of GGT, relative risk for T2DM in pooled analysis of all 24 studies was 1.34 (95% confidence interval, 1.27–1.42). There was heterogeneity among the studies (P < .001), which was to a large part explained by blood sample used, study size, degree of confounder adjustment, and quality of studies.ConclusionsCirculating level of GGT contributes to an increased risk of T2DM in the general population in a nonlinear dose-response pattern.