全文获取类型
收费全文 | 101127篇 |
免费 | 7699篇 |
国内免费 | 2926篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 1109篇 |
儿科学 | 2589篇 |
妇产科学 | 1392篇 |
基础医学 | 12420篇 |
口腔科学 | 1405篇 |
临床医学 | 7225篇 |
内科学 | 18646篇 |
皮肤病学 | 1724篇 |
神经病学 | 18216篇 |
特种医学 | 1822篇 |
外国民族医学 | 18篇 |
外科学 | 8058篇 |
综合类 | 7238篇 |
现状与发展 | 13篇 |
一般理论 | 4篇 |
预防医学 | 4157篇 |
眼科学 | 1614篇 |
药学 | 13656篇 |
22篇 | |
中国医学 | 3020篇 |
肿瘤学 | 7404篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 1848篇 |
2022年 | 2497篇 |
2021年 | 4889篇 |
2020年 | 4328篇 |
2019年 | 4881篇 |
2018年 | 4657篇 |
2017年 | 4266篇 |
2016年 | 3604篇 |
2015年 | 3776篇 |
2014年 | 6910篇 |
2013年 | 9748篇 |
2012年 | 5875篇 |
2011年 | 6324篇 |
2010年 | 4878篇 |
2009年 | 4712篇 |
2008年 | 4602篇 |
2007年 | 3882篇 |
2006年 | 3430篇 |
2005年 | 2849篇 |
2004年 | 2704篇 |
2003年 | 2337篇 |
2002年 | 1873篇 |
2001年 | 1458篇 |
2000年 | 1375篇 |
1999年 | 1141篇 |
1998年 | 1101篇 |
1997年 | 1048篇 |
1996年 | 777篇 |
1995年 | 652篇 |
1994年 | 598篇 |
1993年 | 546篇 |
1992年 | 417篇 |
1991年 | 385篇 |
1990年 | 347篇 |
1989年 | 303篇 |
1988年 | 242篇 |
1987年 | 216篇 |
1985年 | 815篇 |
1984年 | 866篇 |
1983年 | 582篇 |
1982年 | 662篇 |
1981年 | 562篇 |
1980年 | 463篇 |
1979年 | 427篇 |
1978年 | 359篇 |
1977年 | 277篇 |
1976年 | 264篇 |
1975年 | 252篇 |
1974年 | 182篇 |
1973年 | 201篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
42.
43.
Alexandra Katsimardou Konstantinos Imprialos Konstantinos Stavropoulos Alexandros Sachinidis Michalis Doumas 《Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy》2020,21(10):1241-1252
ABSTRACT
Introduction
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic, autoimmune disease that is characterized by total absence of insulin production. Hypertension is a common comorbidity in T1DM with complex pathophysiology, while it is also a well-recognized risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), as well as other microvascular diabetic complications. 相似文献44.
目的探讨酪氨酸激酶受体RON及上皮型钙粘蛋白(E-cadherin)在子宫内膜异位症(endometriosis,EMs)上的表达及意义。方法选择2017年7~12月深圳市龙岗区人民医院收治的42例EMs患者,术中分别留取新鲜异位内膜组织和在位内膜组织,随机选取子宫切除或诊断性刮宫治疗的非EMs患者42例,术中留取其正常子宫内膜组织。采用逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测子宫内膜组织中RON mRNA的表达,采用免疫组织化学方法检测对应42例石蜡组织中RON蛋白和E-cadherin的表达,并分析RON蛋白和E-cadherin的相关性。结果EMs异位内膜组织RON mRNA及RON蛋白阳性表达率显著高于在位内膜组织及正常子宫内膜组织(P<0.001),在位内膜组织及正常内膜组织中E-cadherin阳性表达率显著高于异位内膜组织(P<0.001),且异位内膜组织中RON mRNA及RON蛋白的表达与临床分期有关(P<0.001)。在同一标本中RON蛋白和E-cadherin表达呈负相关关系(r=-0.497,P<0.05)。结论RON的过度表达与EMs的发生发展密切相关,联合检测RON和E-cadherin的异常对判断EMs的发生发展有一定的参考价值,RON可能成为诊断治疗EMs的新靶点。 相似文献
45.
46.
47.
Harit Kapoor Kush Raj Lohani Tommy H. Lee Devendra K. Agrawal Sumeet K. Mittal 《CTS Clinical and Translational Science》2015,8(6):841-847
Esophageal adenocarcinoma is the fastest rising cancer in the United States. It develops from long‐standing gastroesophageal reflux disease which affects >20% of the general population. It carries a very poor prognosis with 5‐year survival <20%. The disease is known to sequentially progress from reflux esophagitis to a metaplastic precursor, Barrett''s esophagus and then onto dysplasia and esophageal adenocarcinoma. However, only few patients with reflux develop Barrett''s esophagus and only a minority of these turn malignant. The reason for this heterogeneity in clinical progression is unknown. To improve patient management, molecular changes which facilitate disease progression must be identified. Animal models can provide a comprehensive functional and anatomic platform for such a study. Rats and mice have been the most widely studied but disease homology with humans has been questioned. No animal model naturally simulates the inflammation to adenocarcinoma progression as in humans, with all models requiring surgical bypass or destruction of existing antireflux mechanisms. Valuable properties of individual models could be utilized to holistically evaluate disease progression. In this review paper, we critically examined the current animal models of Barrett''s esophagus, their differences and homologies with human disease and how they have shaped our current understanding of Barrett''s carcinogenesis. 相似文献
48.
Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) and Type 1 diabetes (T1D) frequently occur in the same individual pointing to a strong shared genetic susceptibility. Indeed, the co-occurrence of T1D and AITD in the same individual is classified as a variant of the autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 3 (designated APS3v). Our aim was to identify new genes and mechanisms causing the co-occurrence of T1D + AITD (APS3v) in the same individual using a genome-wide approach. For our discovery set we analyzed 346 Caucasian APS3v patients and 727 gender and ethnicity matched healthy controls. Genotyping was performed using the Illumina Human660W-Quad.v1. The replication set included 185 APS3v patients and 340 controls. Association analyses were performed using the PLINK program, and pathway analyses were performed using the MAGENTA software. We identified multiple signals within the HLA region and conditioning studies suggested that a few of them contributed independently to the strong association of the HLA locus with APS3v. Outside the HLA region, variants in GPR103, a gene not suggested by previous studies of APS3v, T1D, or AITD, showed genome-wide significance (p < 5 × 10−8). In addition, a locus on 1p13 containing the PTPN22 gene showed genome-wide significant associations. Pathway analysis demonstrated that cell cycle, B-cell development, CD40, and CTLA-4 signaling were the major pathways contributing to the pathogenesis of APS3v. These findings suggest that complex mechanisms involving T-cell and B-cell pathways are involved in the strong genetic association between AITD and T1D. 相似文献
49.
Enrique Luengo Izaskun Buendia Cristina Fernndez‐Mendívil Paula Trigo‐Alonso Pilar Negredo Patrycja Michalska Borja Hernndez‐García Cristina Snchez‐Ramos Juan A. Bernal Tsuneya Ikezu Rafael Len Manuela G. Lpez 《Journal of pineal research》2019,67(1)
Alterations in autophagy are increasingly being recognized in the pathogenesis of proteinopathies like Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study was conducted to evaluate whether melatonin treatment could provide beneficial effects in an Alzheimer model related to tauopathy by improving the autophagic flux and, thereby, prevent cognitive decline. The injection of AAV‐hTauP301L viral vectors and treatment/injection with okadaic acid were used to achieve mouse and human ex vivo, and in vivo tau‐related models. Melatonin (10 μmol/L) impeded oxidative stress, tau hyperphosphorylation, and cell death by restoring autophagy flux in the ex vivo models. In the in vivo studies, intracerebroventricular injection of AAV‐hTauP301L increased oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and tau hyperphosphorylation in the hippocampus 7 days after the injection, without inducing cognitive impairment; however, when animals were maintained for 28 days, cognitive decline was apparent. Interestingly, late melatonin treatment (10 mg/kg), starting once the alterations mentioned above were established (from day 7 to day 28), reduced oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, tau hyperphosphorylation, and caspase‐3 activation; these observations correlated with restoration of the autophagy flux and memory improvement. This study highlights the importance of autophagic dysregulation in tauopathy and how administration of pharmacological doses of melatonin, once tauopathy is initiated, can restore the autophagy flux, reduce proteinopathy, and prevent cognitive decline. We therefore propose exogenous melatonin supplementation or the development of melatonin derivatives to improve autophagy flux for the treatment of proteinopathies like AD. 相似文献
50.
《Allergologia et immunopathologia》2019,47(4):322-327
BackgroundChildren with IgE-mediated cow's milk allergy (IgE-CMA) with gastrointestinal symptoms tolerate yogurt at 100%. Yogurt tolerance in children with IgE-CMA with urticaria and anaphylaxis was 7%.MethodsWe enrolled children with IgE-CMA with cutaneous, respiratory, gastrointestinal and anaphylactic symptoms. All performed prick by prick (PbP) and oral food challenge (OFC) with yogurt. Some children performed also an OFC with CM mixed with wheat flour and baked, baked liquid CM, parmesan.Results34 children were enrolled, 31/34 (91%) with systemic adverse reaction after ingestion of CM (systemic CMA), 3/34 (9%) with isolated contact urticaria (ICU CMA). PbP with yogurt was negative only in one patient. OFC with yogurt was passed (that is, the OFC was negative) by 20/31 (64%) of the children with systemic CMA. 10/11 (91%) of the patients who failed OFC (that is, the OFC was positive) with yogurt were positive to SPT with casein vs. 8/20 (40%) of the patients who passed it (p = 0.018). None of the 19 children who passed OFC with yogurt failed all OFC with processed CM forms other than yogurt that tested vs. 4/8 among those who failed OFC with yogurt (p = 0.006). The rub test with yogurt was negative in 1/3 (33%) of the patients with ICU CMA.ConclusionsThe results of our study are placed alongside others already present in the literature and concerning other methods of processing CM proteins and help to reduce the dietary restrictions of the majority of children with systemic IgE-CMA. 相似文献