运用中国古典音乐应对胃癌病人的术前焦虑

[目的 ]探讨中国古典音乐治疗胃癌病人术前焦虑的作用。 [方法 ]随机将 60例早期胃癌病人分成实验组和对照组。两组均给予解释、指导、鼓励、安慰等支持性治疗 ,实验组再给予音乐治疗。应用Zung氏焦虑自评量表 (SAS)对两组病人进行评估。 [结果 ]两组病人在支持性治疗前焦虑评分比较无统计学意义 ,而实验组病人在给予音乐治疗后焦虑分值比对照组有统计学意义(P <0 .0 5 )。 [结论 ]中国古典音乐影响人的情绪行为 ,从而引起愉快、舒适的情绪 ,有改善和调整人的大脑皮层的功能     

A case of scirrhous gastric cancer with peritonitis carcinomatosa controlled by TS-1(R) + paclitaxel for 36 mo after diagnosis

A 34-year-old female complaining of abdominal fullness was diagnosed as scirrhous gastric cancer (type 4')with peritonitis carcinomatosa in July 2002. A combined chemotherapy regimen was selected to control massive ascites; TS-1(R) 80 mg/m2 was given orally on d 1-14,22-35, and paclitaxel 50 mg/m2 was administered intravenously on d 1, 8, 22 and 29. After 2 courses of this regimen, the primary tumor was markedly reduced,and ascites completely vanished. Alopecia (grade 1,since d 30), leukocytopenia (grade 2, on d 34) and anemia (grade 2, on d 34) were the only adverse events throughout the following courses. The chemotherapy was effective for 28 mo, and then it was discontinued upon the patient's own request, and she survived for 36mo after diagnosis.     

Current practice patterns in pancreatic surgery: Results of a multi-institutional analysis of seven large surgical departments in germany with 1454 pancreatic head resections, 1999 to 2004 (german advanced surgical treatment study group)

Despite decreasing mortality rates, morbidity is still high after pancreatic head resection. Comparative data in the United States and Europe show a relationship between hospital volume and mortality. Treatment strategies vary frequently, partially because of the lack of evidence-based data. We performed a multi-institutional analysis in Germany evaluating current numbers, indications, techniques, and complication rates of pancreatic head resection. Questionnaires were completed by seven high-volume surgical departments regarding quantitative and qualitative aspects of pancreatic head resections in the period from 1999 to 2004 (five prospective and two retrospective institutional databases). A total of 1454 pancreatic head resections (944 for malignancy) were reported. Mean annual hospital volume ranged from 14 to 52 (10 to 43 in malignancy). Mortality was between 1.1% and 4.8%, morbidity was between 24% and 46%, and pancreatic leakage was between 9% and 20%. In malignant disease, all centers perform standard lymphadenectomy and regard arterial infiltration as a contraindication for resection. However, the rate of portal vein resection varied from 0% to 28%. No consensus is seen on the type of surgery for malignancy and chronic pancreatitis. After resection for pancreatic cancer less than one fourth of the patients receive adjuvant therapy. The results of our analysis in Germany confirm that pancreatic head resection can be performed with low mortality in specialized units. Variations in indications, operative technique, and perioperative care may demonstrate the lack of evidence-based data and/or personal and institutional experience. The low number of patients receiving adjuvant therapy after resection of pancreatic cancer suggests that more efforts must be made to establish novel adjuvant therapies under randomized study conditions. Presented at the Forty-Sixth Annual Meeting of The Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, Chicago, Illinois, May 14–18, 2005 (oral presentation).     

Broncho-alveolar Lavage Matrix Metalloproteases as a Sensitive Measure of Bronchiolitis Obliterans

Bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) is a survival-limiting factor in lung transplantation. There are no common BO markers in use. Since BO is associated with extracellular matrix remodeling, we asked whether matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) could serve as BO markers. In 72 lung transplant patients (34 BO syndrome (BOS) 0, 15 BOS 0-p, and 23 BOS 1) serum and broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) MMP and TIMP levels were examined by ELISA. The BAL cell counts were additionally analyzed. The serum MMP-2, MMP-8, MMP-9 and TIMP-2 levels were not different in all groups. In contrast, the BAL MMP-8, -9 and TIMP-1 levels were significantly elevated in BOS 0-p (p = 0.003; p = 0.007; p = 0.0003, respectively) and BOS 1 (p = 0.003; p = 0.001; p = 0.0004, respectively) as compared to BOS 0 patients. The BAL MMP-8, -9 and TIMP-1 levels were significant predictors of BOS 0-p (p = 0.01; p = 0.01; p = 0.01, respectively) and BOS-1 (p = 0.007; p = 0.01; p = 0.006, respectively) in receiver operating characteristic analysis. Except for BAL macrophages that were significantly decreased in BOS 0-p versus BOS 0 patients; other cell counts were not different between the groups. BAL MMP-8, -9 and TIMP-1 might be useful markers to detect BO in lung transplant patients.     

直肠癌根治会阴部造口术后二期股薄肌移植肛门成形

目的　回顾性总结32例直肠癌根治会阴部造口术后二期股薄肌移植肛门成形术的治疗效果。方法　采用Williams 5级评分法对重建前后肛门功能进行评价。结果　二期股薄肌移植肛门成形术前,32例患者肛门功能均在4级以上[4级28.4%(9/32),5级71.6%(23/32)],二期股薄肌移植肛门成形术后肛门功能明显好转。结论　二期股薄肌移植肛门成形术是直肠癌根治会阴部造口术后有效的肛门重建手段。     

前列腺癌组织中树突状细胞的变化及以此为基础的免疫治疗

树突状细胞(DC)作为功能最为强大的抗原呈递细胞,对肿瘤免疫起着关键的启动作用。前列腺癌细胞通过一系列复杂的作用使肿瘤免疫微环境中DC的数目和功能发生变化,从而逃逸机体的免疫监视,形成了肿瘤的发生、发展。认识到这一点,人们开展以DC为基础的前列腺癌的免疫疫苗治疗,并取得了一定的效果。而前列腺癌免疫微环境中DC的变化和以此为基础的免疫治疗仍处于起步阶段。     

经蓝碟(LapDisc)手助腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术

目的 探讨手助腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术的临床效果。方法 应用LapDisc手助腹腔镜技术完成27例结直肠癌根治术。结果 手术全部成功，无一例中转开腹。手术时间90～260min，平均140min。术中出血50～200ml，平均110ml。术后无死亡及吻合口漏等并发症。随访6～23个月，平均8．6月，未见切口种植复发。结论 手助腹腔镜结直肠癌根治具有安全、创伤小、术后恢复快及降低标准腹腔镜手术难度等优点，值得临床推广应用。     

驻蓉干休所师以上离休干部慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者现状调查

目的调查70岁以上老年军人慢性阻塞性疾病(COPD)患者的生活质量、病情严重程度及预防治疗情况现状。方法采用问卷调查、体格检查、实验室检查及肺功能检查相结合的方法,对定居成都市军队干休所师以上、70岁以上离休干部以往确诊为COPD、目前仍存活的330例患者进行群体调查,对已经死亡的81例进行回顾性分析。结果COPD发病率为18.9%,平均病程15年,发病年龄大多集中在50~69岁,均有吸烟史,88.8%的患者并有其他基础疾病。生活质量比较差的78例(23.6%),生活质量极差的9例(2.7%)。COPD分级,Ⅰ级(轻度)65例(19.7%),Ⅱ级(中度)166例(50.3%),Ⅲ级(重度)99例(30%)。需长期药物及家庭氧疗的39例(11.8%),需长期住院的9例(2.7%)。结论成都市70岁以上的军队离休干部的COPD发病率高于一般老年人群,吸烟是COPD的最危险因素,COPD仍然是严重影响老年人生活质量的主要疾病,注重缓解期的防治是减少反复发作、提高生活质量、保护肺功能的重要措施。     

Intraductal papillary mucinous tumor of the pancreas associated with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease

A 43-year-old male with a history of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) was admitted to our center with severe abdominal pain and was diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. CT showed multiple cysts in the liver and both kidneys along with ADPKD and a cystic mass, 4 cm in diameter, in the pancreatic head. The main pancreatic duct was dilated to 1 cm in diameter. The patient was diagnosed with acute pancreatitis due to intraductal papillary mucinous tumor (IPMT), and pancreatoduodenectomy was performed. Histologic examination revealed a multiloculated cystic tumor filled with mucin in the head of the pancreas. Microscopically, the tumor was diagnosed as adenocarcinoma and was found to have invaded the main pancreatic duct. Although, in addition to our case, only seven cases with association between ADPKD and malignant neoplasms have been reported, five of these cases had neoplasms arising from the pancreas. Therefore, we suggest that some genetic interactions may exist between ADPKD and pancreatic carcinogenesis.