水分胁迫条件下不同栽培居群菘蓝中4种有机酸的变化

目的:检测北京、内蒙古、河北和陕西等4个栽培居群菘蓝叶片中草酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸和抗坏血酸等4种有机酸成分含量的差异及在淹水胁迫下的变化.方法:采用高效液相色谱法测定正常及水分胁迫下不同栽培居群的菘蓝叶片中4种有机酸的含量.结果:不同栽培居群叶片中有机酸含量不同,而在水分胁迫条件下,各栽培居群有机酸含量变化趋势相同,草酸、苹果酸和柠檬酸含量升高,抗坏血酸含量下降.结论:不同栽培居群的菘蓝所含各有机酸存在一定差异,在水淹等逆境条件下,其叶片中有机酸含量发生不同程度地变化,并与其逆境生理密切相关.     

学习成绩、家庭环境对学龄儿童自我意识的影响

目的探讨学习成绩、家庭环境对儿童自我意识的影响。方法采用经验评估法、家庭环境量表和Piers Harris儿童自我意识量表对 9.5～ 12岁 2 87名儿童的学习成绩、家庭环境和自我意识进行评定。结果自我意识总分学习困难组 ( 5 8.76± 11.0 1) <学习中等组 ( 64 .5 9± 7.87) <学习优秀组 ( 69.80± 7.5 1) ,家庭环境量表中的亲密度、情感表达、矛盾性、知识性、娱乐性和控制性 6个因素与自我意识相关。结论学习成绩、家庭环境对学龄儿童自我意识的形成和发展起重要的作用 ,改善家庭环境、提高学习成绩 ,可有利于儿童自我意识的发展。     

Elemental composition and water content of myelinated axons and glial cells in rat central nervous system

The distribution of elements (e.g. Na, Cl, K) and water in CNS cells is unknown. Therefore, electron probe X-ray microanalysis (EPMA) was used to measure water content and concentrations (mmol/kg dry or wet weight) of Na, Mg, P, S, Cl, K and Ca in morphological compartments of myelinated axons and glial cells from rat optic nerve and cervical spinal cord white matter. Axons in both CNS regions exhibited similar water content ( 90%), and relatively high concentrations (wet and dry weight) of K with low Na and Ca levels. The K content of axons was related to diameter, i.e. small axons in spinal cord and optic nerve had significantly less (25–50%) K than larger diameter axons from the same CNS region. The elemental composition of spinal cord mitochondria was similar to corresponding axoplasm, whereas the water content (75%) of these organelles was substantially lower than that of axoplasm. In glial cell cytoplasm of both CNS areas, P and K (wet and dry weight) were the most abundant elements and water content was approximately 75%. CNS myelin had predominantly high P levels and the lowest water content (33–55%) of any compartment measured. The results of this study demonstrate that each morphological compartment of CNS axons and glia exhibits a characteristic elemental composition and water content which might be related to the structure and function of that neuronal region.     

Familial risk of cancer among randomly selected cancer probands

Several investigators have reported that relatives of lung cancer probands have a greater-than-normal likelihood for developing some form of cancer. To evaluate whether this familial risk is general for probands with cancer at any site or limited to lung cancer probands, we did a case-control study in which probands having cancer affecting any body site were identified and their pedigree data were tabulated. Telephone interviews and a mailed questionnaire were used to obtain cancer histories and environmental exposures on the families of 41 lung cancer probands, 105 probands with cancer other than lung, and 127 spouse families. Cumulative tobacco exposure (P less than .05), occupational hazards (P less than .005), and age of the family relatives (P less than .0001) were found to be statistically significant predictors of cancer risk. With consideration given for these variables, we determined that siblings of lung cancer probands were at slightly greater risk of cancer of any kind (odds ratio [OR] = 1.43, P = .06) than siblings in the control group. Much of the elevated risk was attributable to an excess of lung cancer (OR = 2.49, P = .06). Siblings of non-lung/non-breast cancer probands were also determined to be at increased risk of lung cancer as well (OR = 1.61, P = .06). For parents, the risk was lower, although parental information may have been underreported.     

Acute cardiac and pulmonary arrest after infusion of vancomycin with subsequent desensitization

J Allergy Clin Immunol 1997;100:853-4.     

56眼饮用天然矿泉水水质分析

本文对我省５６眼矿泉水的地理分布符合国家标准的情况及矿泉水水化学类型进行了统计分析，结果表明：５６眼矿泉水基本遍布全省；其感官指标、污染物指标及微生物指标均符合国家标准；通过对限量指标分析，我省矿泉水属念锶或含偏硅酸或二者兼含；水化学分类以ＨＣＯ３·Ｃａ型居多，其次为ＨＣＯ３－Ｃａ·Ｎａ型。对影响卫生化学性能的决定因子进行相关分析表明：除Ｃａ２＋与Ｍｇ２＋呈正相关外，Ｋ＋与Ｎａ＋及Ｓｒ与Ｈ２ＳｉＯ３之间无相关性     

新疆拜城县重病区与中病区内外环境无机元素含量的调查

本文于１９９３年４月调查了新疆拜城县重病区查尔齐农场中与中病区赛里木乡的饮水，土壤，粮食，学龄儿童头发中Ｚｎ，Ｃｕ，Ｍｎ，Ｃａ，Ｌｉ，Ｓｅ６种元素无机元素的含量。结果表明，重病区小麦中Ｃａ的含量显著高于中病区（Ｐ〈０．０５），重病区饮水及小麦中Ｍｎ的含量显著低于中病区（Ｐ〈０．０５）。这些结果揭示重病区查尔齐与中病区赛里木乡的病情相比较，除缺碘较为严重这一主要原因之外，高Ｃａ，低Ｍｎ也可能与查尔齐     

Diazepam impairs place learning in naive but not in maze-experienced rats in the Morris water maze

Anxiolytic benzodiazepines have been shown to impair place learning in the Morris water maze. However, a clear-cut demonstration of a direct and specific effect on mnemonic processes has not yet been offered. In the present study, the effects of diazepam on place navigation in the Morris water maze were studied in rats. Three conditions were examined: learning, reversal learning and learning after familiarisation of animals with the maze. In view of the anxiolytic and sedative properties of diazepam, appropriate doses of the drug, i.e. those that produced an anxiolytic effect but no major motor impairment, were initially selected in the water-lick conflict and rotarod tests, respectively. Doses of 2.5 and 5 mg/kg PO increased punished drinking in the water-lick conflict test without significantly decreasing rotarod performance. These doses were then used to assess the effects of diazepam on spatial behaviour. Diazepam, at both doses, impaired place learning in behaviourally naive rats. Such an effect appeared to be transient: diazepam-treated rats eventually reached control performance. Moreover, analysis of the probe trial at the end of training revealed adoption of a spatial strategy to locate the submerged platform. Neither reversal learning nor learning after familiarisation was affected. These results do not replicate previous findings in the Morris water maze and provide some evidence that the diazepam-induced place learning deficit may be primarily anxiolytic in nature.     

饮用淦河温泉下游河水对儿童健康的影响

长期饮用淦河温泉下游河水可使儿童头发中硒与硫的含量高出正常（指饮用自来水的）儿童约４倍，呈现高硫高硒体征，此体征儿童心率较慢，窦性心率不齐者增多，心房去极电位升高，心室去极和复极电位下降，Ｓ－Ｔ段移位例数和移位幅度均增加，心电图中的这些变化均在允许范围之内，但有些已接近病理边缘。红细胞数和血红蛋白量均略低于正常儿童。