CT导引胸部穿刺活检

目的：评估ＣＴ导引经胸壁穿刺活检的方法学和临床价值。材料和方法：１９９４年２月至１９９７年１０月对５５例患者进行了ＣＴ经胸壁穿刺活检，其中肺内病变４３例，胸膜病变５例，纵隔病变６例，肺和胸膜同时病变１例；２５例行细胞学和病理组织学检查，余３０蚝病理组织检查。结果：所有５５例患者ＣＴ导引下均穿刺到位，并获得细胞学和组织学材料；细胞学检查符合率６０％，病理组织学检查符合率８７．５％，其中３５例肿瘤患者     

Anaerobic thyroid abscess from a thyroid cyst after fine-needle aspiration.

BACKGROUND: Anaerobic abscess formation within a thyroid cyst is rare but still possible, although aerobic thyroid abscess formation in the thyroid gland after fine-needle aspiration (FNA) has been observed in immunocompromised patients. METHODS: This study describes the clinical manifestations, thyroid echography, cytologic finding, culture outcome, and treatment course of an anaerobic abscess formation within a thyroid cyst after FNA in a healthy subject. RESULTS: A 53-year-old male subject had rapid enlargement of a left thyroid cyst develop after second FNA. Frank pus was obtained through third FNA. The culture outcome was Propionibacterium acnes, which was rich in saliva and one of the pathogens causing periodontitis and gingivitis. After adequate antimicrobial therapy, the abscess gradually diminished. CONCLUSIONS: This article reported, for the first time, on the formation of an anaerobic thyroid abscess after FNA in a healthy subject. We recommended careful aseptic procedure and adequate isolation processes, such as wearing a mask to avoid an unfavorable outcome as a result of a bacterial infection.     

自制快速膀胱穿刺针及临床应用

介绍了自制快速膀胱穿刺针的结构、组成、功能和临床使用方法，具有操作简单、患者痛苦小、可替代开放性手术的特点。     

声振动疗法在喉癌术后止痛护理中的应用

目的提高静脉留置针穿刺困难者的一次穿刺成功率。方法将200例需行静脉留置针穿刺的患者随机分为对照组和观察组，各100例。对照组按常规穿刺，观察组采用负压技术穿刺，即将容量为2ml的吸球和三通接头接上留置针．使之穿刺时形成负压，再行穿刺。结果两组静脉穿刺回血率、一次成功率比较，差异有显著性意义（X^2=18．32、27．56，均P〈0．01）；留置针保留时间比较，差异无显著性意义（P〉0．05）；两组颈外静脉、大隐静脉穿刺回血率、一次穿刺成功率比较，差异有显著性意义（X^2=18．26、18．26、5．00、5．00，P〈0．01或P〈0．05）；两组股静脉一次穿刺成功率比较，差异有显著性意义（P〈0．01）。结论负压技术可提高留置针穿刺回血率和一次穿刺成功率。     

手术中缝针丢失情况的调查与对策

目的探讨手术中缝针丢失的原因及危害性。方法采用自行设计的调查问卷，对60名手术室护士在2004年亲历的缝针丢失情况进行调查，用无记名方式填写问卷。结果60名护士共经历丢针48人次，每人0～3次。其中，手术医生发生丢针22次，占45.8％；手术助手发生丢针12次，占25.0％；手术护士发生丢针14次，占29.2％。手术医生丢针概率高于护士。结论医护人员应具备高度工作责任感，养成良好的手术操作习惯，手术中及时清点器械，减少缝针丢失，从而避免医疗纠纷与事故隐惠的发生。     

Hypoechoic lesions in the ''bright liver'': A reliable indicator of fatty change. A prospective study

The accuracy of ultrasonographic diagnosis of hypoechoic focal fatty change in the 'bright liver' was evaluated in 40 lesions found in 35 patients followed up for a mean period of 37.8 months. Patients with ultrasound and laboratory findings suggesting liver cirrhosis were excluded from the study. All patients underwent a blind liver biopsy in order to verify the diagnosis of diffuse disease suggested by the finding of 'bright liver'. No guided biopsy was performed on the focal lesions in order to establish the accuracy of ultrasound alone in recognizing focal fatty change. Clinical, haematologic and echographic follow-up confirmed the diagnosis in all cases. All histological specimens revealed liver steatosis, indicating a 100% sensitivity of ultrasonography in identifying non-cirrhotic fatty liver with an accompanying focal change. Increased echogenicity and hypoechoic focal changes are reliable indicators of fatty infiltration, making ultrasonography an acceptable, non-invasive method for the diagnosis of liver steatosis.     

日本海马温肾壮阳相关活性的实验研究

对日本海马进行了温肾壮阳相关活性的实验研究，实验证实，口服日本海马能明显提高氢化可的松所致“阳虚”小鼠的抗疲劳能力，提高小鼠碳粒廓清速率，促进小鼠外周血液溶血素的生成，增加幼鼠前列腺，精囊，睾丸的重量，并且能提高小鼠血清睾酮的含量及睾丸组织中ｃＡＭＰ水平，为其临床应用提供了实验依据。     

无损伤钝头丰乳穿刺针减少隆乳术出血的临床观察

目的探讨“无损伤钝头丰乳穿刺针”减少聚丙烯酰胺凝胶填充剂隆乳术术中及术后出血等并发症 ,提高隆乳术的成功率。方法 10 0 0例隆乳术者随机分为观察组和对照组各 5 0 0例 ,观察组采用笔者发明的“无损伤钝头丰乳穿刺针”为手术器械 ,对照组采用传统锐针为手术器械。结果观察组术中出血率为 0 .6 0 % (3/ 5 0 0例 ) ,术后出血率为 1.0 0 % (5 / 5 0 0例 ) ;对照组术中出血率为 3.0 0 % (15 / 5 0 0例 ) ,术后出血率为 3.4 0 % (17/ 5 0 0例 ) ,两组比较有显著性差异 (P 相似文献   

利用前列腺穿刺活检结果预测前列腺癌包膜外侵犯和精囊浸润

目的 :探讨能预测前列腺癌包膜外侵犯和精囊浸润的临床指标。方法 :对 4 0例临床局限性前列腺癌患者的术前临床资料和穿刺活检的病理结果与根治术后病理资料加以比较 ,进行统计学分析。结果 :4 0例前列腺癌患者中 ,2 0例 (5 0 % )有包膜外侵犯 ,其中 1 1例 (2 8% )精囊浸润。单因素分析发现穿刺活检阳性针数、阳性针数占总针数的比例、穿刺癌组织总长度、穿刺组织中癌组织所占比例、穿刺癌组织最大长度、穿刺标本Gleason评分和血清总前列腺特异性抗原 (totalprostatespecificantigen ,TPSA)与前列腺癌包膜外侵犯和精囊浸润具有显著的相关性 (P<0 .0 5 )。多元logistic回归仅发现穿刺活检阳性针数占总针数比例、穿刺癌组织总长度、Gleason评分和TPSA与前列腺癌包膜外侵犯和精囊浸润有显著的相关性。发现TPSA/ 1 1 μg·L-1 且穿刺标本Gleason评分≥ 5分且穿刺癌组织总长度≥ 7.3mm或穿刺阳性针数占总针数比例≥ 2 7%是前列腺癌包膜外侵犯和精囊浸润的高危指标。结论 :组合分析穿刺活检阳性针数占总针数比例、穿刺癌组织总长度、Gleason评分和TPSA能预测前列腺癌的包膜外侵犯和精囊浸润 ,有助于提高术前临床分期的准确率     

青少年自身免疫性甲状腺疾病的穿刺细胞学诊断

目的：采用甲状腺细针抽吸细胞学检查(FNAC)，旨在早期发现青少年免疫性甲状腺疾病(AITD)，并为治疗提供帮助。方法：回顾性分析门诊71例行甲状腺FNAC年龄低于23岁临床上有甲状腺肿大病例的涂片，采用HE染色和快速染色法相结合，并根据炎症程度依次分成4型。同时与甲状腺B超检查，实验室甲状腺功能状态检查和自身抗体测定相比较。结果：B超显示：甲状腺机能亢进(甲亢)12例，炎症改变53例，腺瘤结节样改变5例，腺体正常1例；甲状腺功能检查，T3、T4、FT3、FT4高于正常22例，低于正常9例，正常范围40例。自身抗体抗甲状腺球旦白抗体(TGAB)，抗甲状腺微粒体抗体(TMAB)70例高于正常，1例正常；抗甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(TPO)37例高于正常。FNAC示甲亢的病例14例，桥本氏病Ⅰ型35例，Ⅱ型13例，Ⅲ型3例，Ⅳ型桥本氏甲亢6例。结论：甲状腺FNAC由于安全、简便、快速及准确，有利于早期诊断青少年AITD，避免不必要的治疗。