良性前列腺增生症的微创治疗进展

良性前列腺增生症（BPH）是中老年男性泌尿生殖系统最常见的疾病之一,而外科手术治疗是治愈此疾病的唯一手段,传统的外科手术方法主要是开放前列腺摘除手术及经尿道前列腺切除术（TURP）,但因手术创伤较大及术中并发症较多,其在外科手术治疗中的主导地位不断受到各类新近微创治疗方法的挑战,其中一部分已成为治疗良性前列腺增生症的重要手段。本文就微创治疗技术在治疗良性前列腺增生症的发展作一综述,以供临床参考。     

全身热疗治疗恶性肿瘤期间的心理干预分析

目的探讨心理干预对全身热疗治疗恶性肿瘤的影响。方法通过比较、对照的方法选择我科全身热疗治疗恶性肿瘤的患者88例,采用随机分为干预组和对照组,干预组48例,对照组40例。对干预组的患者在行常规护理的同时,结合一般状况采取相应的心理干预,对对照组的患者行常规护理,采用焦虑量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）在治疗前后分别进行评估,并对比干预后患者的心理状况。结果通过比较心理干预对全身热疗治疗恶性肿瘤的影响,结果发现无论是患者的焦虑量表（SAS）还是抑郁自评量表（SDS）,干预组均优于对照组,有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,表明心理干预对提高全身热疗治疗恶性肿瘤疗效有意义。结论心理干预能有效降低全身热疗治疗恶性肿瘤患者的不良反应,提高了治疗的疗效,可以改善患者的生活质量。     

护理干预对初始拒绝高频热疗肿瘤患者的疗效分析

目的探讨肿瘤患者拒绝高频热疗的原因并采取有效的护理干预,以提高热疗的疗效。方法选择肿瘤科在初始阶段拒绝高频热疗的患者70例,采用一对一访谈调查其拒绝原因,知情访谈后拟将同意进行热疗的70例患者作为试验人群,采用随机数字表对入组的病例随机分为两组,对照组35例采用常规护理与劝导;干预组35例在常规护理基础上进行有针对性的护理干预。最后使70例患者全部接受高频热疗,但两组患者呈现出不同的热疗效果。结果认知缺陷、心理问题、家庭经济负担等是患者拒绝高频热疗的主要原因,分别占访谈人次的75.71%、72.86%和38.57%。干预组和对照组患者呈现出不同的热疗效果;干预组患者疗效总体满意为33例（94.3%）,显著高于对照组的17例（48.6%）,有显著性差异（P〈0.001）。结论当肿瘤患者对高频热疗有拒绝心理时,热疗师应积极参与就相关原因进行分析,采取相应、正确的护理干预措施,可使曾拒绝高频热疗的肿瘤患者接受该辅助治疗并提高其疗效,延长肿瘤患者的生存期和提高其生存质量。     

体外高频热疗对大容量肺灌洗患者肺功能影响的研究

目的探讨体外高频热疗对大容量肺灌洗患者短期肺功能恢复的影响。方法将48例接受大容量肺灌洗的煤工尘肺I期男性患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组给予体外高频热疗,热疗温度为39～43℃,时间为40min／次,隔日1次,连续3次。对照组不接受体外高频热疗。比较两组患者灌洗前后TLC、FVC、MVV、DLCO、FEVl．0％肺功能指标的变化。结果两组患者灌洗前后肺功能比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论就本研究结果而言体外高频热疗对于肺灌洗患者术后肺功能的恢复无明显影响,其对肺灌洗患者或对尘肺病患者的疗效还有待进一步观察。     

心包腔化疗联合体外高频热疗治疗肺癌伴心包积液

目的探讨心包腔灌注顺铂化疗联合体外高频热疗治疗肺癌伴恶性心包积液的疗效。方法63例患者分成甲组30例、乙组33例,甲组先行心包腔穿刺引流,再向心包腔内灌注顺铂60mg＋地塞米松10mg,第1、8天。第8天灌注药物后即拔除引流管,然后行心包区域体外深部热疗,隔3天1次,共热疗2次。乙组除不进行热疗外,其余治疗均与甲组相同。结果甲组CR21例、PR6例、NC3例,总有效率90．0％;乙组CR17例、PR8例、NC8例,总有效率75．8％,P〈0．05。结论心包腔灌注顺铂治疗肺癌伴恶性心包积液有效,在此基础上联合体外高频热疗可以提高疗效。     

Newly Developed Equipment and Methods in the Treatment of BPH: Analysis of Present Status

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common disease among the aged male population. A variety of symptoms are mainly caused by obstructive changes at the prostatic urethra. Transurethral resection (TURP) has been the gold standard of treatment, but new equipment and methods such as TUMT, HIFU, TUNA, and laser prostatectomy have been developed and are being tested for clinical application. Our experience with new equipment and methods show that their effectiveness has yet to be conclusively evaluated by objective parameters, while subjective improvements have been seen with less invasive treatments such as TUMT, HIFU and TUNA. Laser prostatectomy confirmed its advantages in hemostasis but comparison of each treatment is difficult because of different pathological changes created by different energy sources shown by MRI. Further studies are required to examine the new equipment and methods and for identification of the treatment of choice for BPH.     

TURP and low-energy TUMT treatment in men with LUTS suggestive of bladder outlet obstruction selected by means of pressure-flow studies: 8-year follow-up

AIMS: To evaluate the long-term outcome of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) and transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT) in men with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), when allocation to the treatment-group was based on urodynamic diagnosis of bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). METHODS: A total of 231 elderly men with symptomatic BPH were treated either by TURP or by low-energy TUMT. A pressure-flow study was performed to detect the obstruction and to help in the selection of the two treatments. The patients were examined at baseline then checked again after 2 and 8 years. RESULTS: At 2 years of follow-up there was a significant improvement for both IPSS and QoL (P < 0.0001) in both groups of treatment. This was accompanied by a significant improvement (P < 0.0001) in the maximum flow rate from 10.0 (5.8) to 16.4 (7.6) in the TURP group and from 12.1 (5.2) to 14.9 (5.7) in the TUMT group. These findings persisted at 8 years, they were, however, more pronounced after TURP. The overall retreatment rate reached a value of 11% in the TURP group and 27% in the TUMT group, respectively. At the follow-up, 95% of the patients who underwent TURP and 70% of the patients treated by TUMT claimed to be satisfied with that choice. CONCLUSIONS: With durable symptomatic improvement and lowest retreatment rate, TURP still presents a standard treatment option for patients with severe BOO. Low-energy TUMT has sufficiently relieved patients' symptoms and can be offered to less obstructed patients as an alternative.     

玻璃体腔注射Ranibizumab联合经瞳孔温热疗法治疗年龄相关性黄斑变性

目的：观察玻璃体腔注射Ranibizumab联合经瞳孔温热疗法( TTT)治疗渗出型年龄相关性黄斑变性的临床疗效及安全性。方法：选取来我院就诊并通过病史、临床症状及眼底血管照影(FFA/ICGA)和光学相干断层扫描(OCT)等辅助检查确诊的渗出型年龄相关性黄斑变性的患者160例(160眼),随机分为联合组和对照组,联合组给予单次行玻璃体腔注射Ranibizumab,7d后行TTT治疗,对照组仅行TTT治疗,随访1a,分别于治疗后1wk;1,6mo;1a,观察患者的最佳矫正视力、散瞳后眼底的变化及眼底血管照影( FFA/ICGA)及OCT的检查。
　　结果：观察期末,联合组最佳矫正视力提高34例(42.50%),对照组最佳矫正视力提高16例(20.00%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后1wk;1,6mo;1a联合组和对照组的荧光渗透有效率分别为(88.75%,62.50%);(91.25%,65.00%);(86.25%,61.25%);(78.75%,51.25%)。治疗后1 wk;1,6 mo;1 a联合组和对照组黄斑中心厚度分别为：(347.43±36.96)μm 和(423.58±29.03)μm;(287.78±34.16)μm和(387.14±32.98)μm;(301.75±37.21)μm和(415.40±31.38)μm;(326.17±27.39)μm 和(436.44±35.49)μm,两组相比,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论：玻璃体腔注射Ranibizumab联合经瞳孔温热疗法治疗渗出型年龄相关性黄斑变性,能够使患者的视力得到改善,病灶渗漏停止或减轻,促进黄斑区出血、水肿及渗出的吸收,安全、疗效可靠,是一种有效的临床治疗方法。     

中药烫熨预防脑卒中下肢深静脉血栓形成随访研究

目的：研究中药烫熨预防脑卒中后下肢深静脉血栓形成治疗3个月后《日常生活能力量表》评分。方法：（1）对象：2008年3月—2009年8月广西中医学院第一附属医院神经内科的住院脑卒中患者共284名。（2）方式：缺血性脑卒中188例,随机分常规治疗组、低分子肝素组、热疗组、中药烫熨组干预,出血性脑卒中96例随机分入常规治疗组、热疗组、中药烫熨组干预。疗程均为10天。3个月后随访。（3）评价：《日常生活能力量表》评分。结果：缺血性脑卒中入组情况4组相似（P〉0.05）,3个月随访,中药烫熨组《日常生活能力量表》评分高于常规治疗组和热疗组（P〈0.05）,且有显著差异。与低分子肝素组无明显差别（P〉0.05）。出血性脑卒中入组情况3组相似（P〉0.05）,3个月随访,中药烫熨组《日常生活能力量表》评分高于常规治疗组和热疗组（P〈0.05）,且有显著差异。结论：中药烫熨可有效提高患者病后的生活质量,有助患者进行康复治疗,降低致残率。且无严重不良反应,值得推广使用。     

远红外热疗贴应用于剖宫产产妇的临床研究

目的 探讨远红外热疗贴应用于剖宫产产妇的临床治疗效果.方法 选择我院2010年3月至2010年12月收治产妇126例,随机分为对照组与观察组,对照组给予常规产后处理措施,观察组在常规产后处理的基础上给予远红外热疗贴治疗,观察2组产妇疼痛情况、泌乳情况及子宫复旧情况.结果 观察组给予远红外热疗贴治疗后,产妇使用止痛药情况、VAS评分、泌乳时间、泌乳量、子宫修复以及恶露量均得到改善,显著优于对照组.结论 远红外热疗贴改善产妇血液循环及微循环,有效控制产后并发症,恢复身体各项机能,避免口服用药造成不便,值得临床推广.