外源性VEGF对自体移植脾组织血管再生的影响

目的：观察外源性VEGF对自体脾组织大网膜内移植后血管再生过程影响。方法：198只昆明种小白鼠随机分为脾切除自体脾组织大网膜内移植组及假手术组,将脾切除自体脾组织大网膜内移植后的小鼠再随机分为实验组（应用外源性VEGF组）和对照组（不用外源性VEGF组）。实验观察组小鼠分别于术后7、15、30d于尾静脉内注射VEGF,最后一次注射后1、7、14、30、60、90d各处死5只,取脾组织标本;对照组于术后观察上述对应时相点后各处死3只,取脾组织标本,进行墨汁灌注血管面密度测定。结果：术后7、15、30d注射VEGF后,较对照组的血管数量明显增多,墨汁灌注显示,实验观察组血管面密度较对照组明显增大。结论：外源性VEGF能够促进移植脾组织内血管生长,改善移植脾组织的血液循环,有利于移植脾组织再生,使其结构恢复更趋完善。     

Body Mass Index and Glomerular Hyperfiltration in Renal Transplant Recipients: Cross-Sectional Analysis and Long-Term Impact

Obesity is a risk factor for renal graft loss. Higher body mass index (BMI) in native kidneys is associated with glomerular hyperfiltration. Whether higher BMI in renal transplants is associated with hyperfiltration is unknown. We investigated the impact of BMI on renal hemodynamics 1 year post-transplant. We analyzed glomerular filtration rate (GFR, (125)I-iothalamate) and effective renal plasma flow (ERPF, (131)I-hippurate) in 838 kidney transplants. Data were analyzed for all patients and for the subpopulation without diabetes. Long-term impact of BMI and renal hemodynamics were explored by Cox-regression. With higher BMI GFR and filtration fraction (FF) increased significantly. Multivariate analysis supported impact of BMI on GFR (adjusted r(2) of the model 0.275) and FF (adjusted r(2) of the model 0.158). This association was not explained by diabetes mellitus. On Cox-regression analysis, lower GFR and higher FF were independent determinants of overall graft loss and graft loss by patient mortality. Lower GFR and higher BMI were determinants of death-censored graft loss, with borderline contribution of higher FF. In renal transplants higher BMI is independently associated with higher GFR and FF one year posttransplant, suggesting glomerular hyperfiltration with altered afferent-efferent balance. Mechanisms underlying the long-term prognostic impact of hyperfiltration deserve further exploration.     

Uncooked rice of relatively low gelatinization degree resulted in lower metabolic glucose and insulin responses compared with cooked rice in female college students

Cooking processes that gelatinize granules or disrupt structure might increase the glucose and insulin responses because a disruption of the structure of starch by gelatinization increases its availability for digestion and absorption in the small intestine. We hypothesized that the uncooked form of rice, which has a relatively low degree of gelatinization even though in powder form, would result in lower metabolic glucose and insulin responses compared with cooked rice (CR). To assess the effects of the gelatinization of rice on metabolic response of glucose and insulin, we investigated the glucose and insulin responses to 3 rice meals of different gelatinization degree in female college students (n = 12): CR (76.9% gelatinized), uncooked rice powder (UP; 3.5% gelatinized), and uncooked freeze-dried rice powder (UFP; 5.4% gelatinized). Uncooked rice powders (UP and UFP) induced lower glucose and insulin responses compared with CR. The relatively low gelatinization degree of UPs resulted in low metabolic responses in terms of the glycemic index (CR: 72.4% vs UP: 49.7%, UFP: 59.8%) and insulin index (CR: 94.8% vs UP: 74.4%, UFP: 68.0%). In summary, UPs that were less gelatinized than CR induced low postprandial glucose and insulin responses.     

当归对衰老小鼠脑组织细胞凋亡及胸腺指数的影响

目的：研究当归的抗衰老作用及作用机制。方法：用D—半乳糖诱导小鼠制成衰老模型，同时给予不同剂量的当归水煎剂，观察当归对脑组织细胞凋亡及胸腺指数的影响。结果：当归能明显抑制小鼠脑组织细胞凋亡，提高胸腺指数。结论：当归具有抗衰老作用。     

体重质量指数与557例绝经后妇女骨密度变化的关系研究

目的 了解不同的年龄绝经后妇女不同体重质量指数(BMI)与不同部位骨密度(BMD)的关系。方法 来自门诊健康体检的557名绝经后妇女(肝肾等疾病除外),年龄范围50~78岁。用双能X线吸收法(DEXA)测定腰椎(L2-4)、股骨颈、Ward's三角及Troch等部位的BMD,同时计算BMI。根据BMI将研究对象分为3组:低体重组(BMI≤20 kg／m2)、正常体重组(25≥BMI>20 kg/m2)及超重组(BMI>25 kg/m2)。根据年龄又分为3组(50-,60-,70~78岁),用方差分析的方法进行各组间均数的统计学分析。结果不同BMI组总体不同部位的BMD方差分析比较有极显著意义P<0.01,高BMI组的BMD均值明显增高;进一步对同一年龄组不同BMI组的不同部位的BMD均值比较,各组之间均有显著性差异(P<0.01),特别是低体重组的骨密度明显低于其他两组BMI组的BMD。结论BMI与绝经后妇女的骨密度有显著相关,但低体重的绝经后妇女作为骨折的危险人群应受到更多的关注:对于超重的绝经后妇女,通过增加体重的方式增加BMD是危险的,因为超重与高血压、冠心病、糖尿病、心肌梗死及中风有一定的关系;通过其他途径:如年轻时加强运动、多饮牛奶、不盲目减肥等,提高妇女峰值骨含量是非常重要的。     

脾损伤保脾方式的选择及效果评价(附8416例临床资料分析)

目的总结脾损伤保脾方式的经验及效果，探讨脾损伤理想的保脾治疗方式。方法回顾性分析本院及国内1995年1月。2005年4月医学文献报导8416例脾损伤保脾治疗的临床资料。结果治愈8253例（98．06％）；死亡3例（0．04％）；无效160例（1．90％），改为全脾切除术治愈。结论脾损伤保脾方式的选择应根据脾损伤程度、患者全身情况与合并伤情况、以及医院设施条件与施术者的经验而定，遵循保命第一，保脾第二的基本原则。对于严重脾损伤行脾切除后自体脾组织移植是最佳选择。轻度脾损伤则首选脾缝合修补。     

老年人根管治疗疗效的相关因素

目的:研究老年人根管治疗疗效及其影响因素.方法:对56例65岁以上老年人,根管治疗后2年以上的126颗牙齿进行检查,按治疗后年限分3组:2～3年组,4～5年组,6年以上组.应用根尖周指数(Periodicalindex)评定X线片和综合临床检查,对其治疗进行评价.结果:老年人根管治疗成功率为72.2%;三组间根管治疗成功率差异无显著性.恰填根管治疗的成功率(82.2%)比欠填和超填的成功率(47.2%)要高;恰填病例中,冠方修复体质量好的患牙比质量差的患牙根尖周炎发病率低(25.7%和58.4%);去除欠填和超填病例后,桩冠修复患牙的根管治疗成功率为58.8%,而未做桩冠修复的患牙成功率为87.5%.结论:根充质量、冠方修复体质量、桩冠修复是影响老年人根管治疗疗效的主要因素.     

The effects of a 0.12% chlorhexidine-digluconate-containing mouthrinse versus a placebo on plaque and gingival inflammation over a 3-month period

Abstract Several previous studies have evaluated the effects of 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate (ChD) mouthrinses on plaque and gingival inflammation. However, previously, none have been based in general dental practices. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential to conduct controlled periodontal clinical trials in co-operation with general dental practitioners (gdps). The project took place in 5 general dental practices in the South of England. 121 healthy subjects (24 at 4 sites and 25 at the 5th). aged 18-65 years, mean 35 ± 12) years participated in a double-blind, randomised study during which they received full mouth assessments for plaque and gingival bleeding at baseline, 6 and 12 weeks. 60 subjects were randomly asigned to use the 0.12% ChD mouth wash and 6i the placebo. The assessments were carried out by 5 gpds, who had previously achieved inter-examiner κ scores of 0.78–0.85 (mean 0.81) for the plaque index (PlI), and of 0.73–0.94 (mean 0.87) for a modified gingival index (mGI), and who maintained κ scores of 0.51–0.90 for PII and of 0.73–1.00 for mGI during the 12 months required to complete the study. 98 subjects (48 ChD and 50 placebo) completed the study. Even though the baseline levels of plaque and gingivitis were low, by week 12, mean whole mouth piaque score of the ChD mouthwash users had fallen from 1.33 at baseline to 0.96 and was significantly lower (p < 0.001) than for the placebo users, 1.31 at baseline to 1.13. Whole-mouth gingival bleeding score fell from 0.56 to 0.42 in the ChD mouthwash group but was unchanged (0.54–0.55) in the placebo group. A subsidiary data analysis which considered the effects at sites indicated that within these overall differences, the ChD users experienced almost 2× the reduction from plaque score 2 at baseline at proximal molar sites over a 12-week period (50.6% ChD versus 27.6% placebo). It was concluded that 0.12% ChD mouthwash reduced plaque accumulation fay 28% and gingival inflammation by 25% over a 12–week period, that it is feasible for a group of gdps to maintain high levels of inter–examiner consistency in the use of PlI and mGI, that it is also feasible to carry out such a multicentre study in general dental practice, and that the use of mean mouth scores per subject to analyse the effects of mouthrinses may well mask variations in response throughout the mouth.     

肺系疾病从脾胃论治的探讨

本文论述与肺与脾胃在生理，病理诸方面的密切关系；提出了肺系疾病从脾胃治疗的必要性和重要性；讨论了肺病从脾胃论治之常用７法：即健脾化痰法，芳香醒脾法，健脾利水法，通腑降气法，健脾补肺法，养胃益肺法，补益脾肾法等，对肺系疾病的临床治疗有一定的启发作用和应用价值。     

维生素E对老年小鼠脾细胞转化反应及心,脑脂褐质含量的影响

目的探讨维生素Ｅ对老年小鼠细胞免疫功能及心、脑脂质过氧化反应的影响。方法３月龄幼年小鼠和１８月龄老年小鼠各饲以含维生素Ｅ（ＶｉｔＥ）５００×１０－６和３０×１０－６饲料８周后，测定血清ＶｉｔＥ水平、脾细胞转化反应和心、脑脂褐质含量。结果饲以含５００×１０－６ＶｉｔＥ饲料的老年小鼠脾细胞对刀豆蛋白Ａ（ＣｏｎＡ）和脂多糖（ＬＰＳ）的反应及血清ＶｉｔＥ水平均较饲以含３０×１０－６ＶｉｔＥ饲料者显著增高（Ｐ值＜０．０１）；心、脑组织中脂褐质含量则明显降低（分别为Ｐ值＜０．０１及０．０５）。结论膳食中补充较高剂量ＶｉｔＥ后，能显著提高老年小鼠血清ＶｉｔＥ水平，增强脾细胞转化反应，并明显抑制心、脑脂质过氧化，减少脂褐质形成