基线低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和脂蛋白（a）浓度升高预示冠状动脉支架术后高风险

目的 观察冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病（冠心病）患者基线脂蛋白（a）浓度升高是否可预测冠状动脉支架植入术后高风险.方法 本研究入选832例行冠状动脉支架植入术的患者,于冠状动脉支架植入术前收集患者的基线临床资料,依据基线脂蛋白（a）浓度分为脂蛋白（a）浓度较高组（≥300 mg/L）和脂蛋白（a）浓度较低组（＜300 mg/L）.另外,依据基线的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C）浓度,将两组患者分别分为LDL-C ＜1.8 mmol/L和LDL-C≥1.8 mmol/L两个亚组.对所有入选患者,于出院后进行电话随访,比较各组的临床终点（主要心血管事件）,包括心血管死亡,非致死性心肌梗死,缺血性脑卒中和冠状动脉血运重建.结果 高脂蛋白（a）组急性冠状动脉综合征和3支血管病变患者比例显著高于低脂蛋白（a）组,差异有统计学意义（67％ vs.78％,P=0.001;35.5％ vs.48.2％,P=0.001）.另外,在LDL-C ＜1.8 mmol/L亚组,脂蛋白（a）高和低浓度组之间临床预后比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.而在LDL-C≥1.8 mmol/L亚组,脂蛋白（a）高浓度组的主要心血管事件和冠状动脉重建的发生率显著高于脂蛋白（a）低浓度组,差异有统计学意义（26.1％ vs.16.6％,P=0.018; 15.4％ vs.7.5％,P=0.006）,且冠状动脉重建的危险比为2.05.结论 基线LDL-C和脂蛋白（a）浓度较高的冠心病患者冠状动脉支架植入术后冠状动脉重建术的发生率显著增加.     

Inhibition of neo‐intimal hyperplasia in porcine coronary arteries utilizing a novel paclitaxel‐coated scoring balloon catheter

Objective: Scoring balloons are particularly useful in the acute treatment of fibro‐calcific, bifurcation and in‐stent restenosis lesions but have not been shown to affect the restenosis rate. Conventional balloons coated with paclitaxel have recently been shown to reduce restenosis rates in certain lesion subsets, but are associated with suboptimal acute results. A novel paclitaxel‐coated scoring balloon was developed to overcome these limitations. Design: AngioSculpt^® scoring balloons (SB) were coated with paclitaxel admixed with a specific excipient. Setting and Interventions: Four in vitro and in vivo studies were performed: (a) loss of the drug during passage to the lesion, (b) transfer of the drug to the vessel wall; (c) inhibition of neo‐intimal proliferation in porcine coronary arteries as compared to uncoated SB and the Paccocath?, and (d) evaluation of the dose‐response to 1.5–12 μg of paclitaxel/mm². Main outcome measures and Results: Drug loss during delivery to the lesion was 17% ± 8%, and transfer to the vessel wall was 9% ± 4% of dose on unused balloons. The paclitaxel‐coated SB resulted in a lower late lumen loss of 0.27 ± 0.24 mm compared to 1.4 ± 0.7 mm with the uncoated SB (P = 0.001). Histomorphometry revealed larger luminal areas of 6.8 ± 1.6 mm² (paclitaxel‐coated SB) and 5.8 ± 1.7 mm² (Paccocath) as compared to the uncoated SB (2.3 ± 1.5 mm²; P = 0.001). No coating related adverse effects were observed on follow‐up angiography or histologic examination at the treatment site or downstream myocardium. Conclusion: A novel paclitaxel‐coated SB leads to a significant inhibition of neointimal proliferation in the porcine coronary model. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

冠状动脉多支病变完全与部分血运重建的安全性和疗效比较

目的探讨药物洗脱支架(drug-eluting stents,DES)完全性血运重建与部分血运重建治疗冠心病多支病变的安全性和疗效。方法选取2011年1月至2012年11月在河南省胸科医院心内科接受PCI治疗的多支病变(multivessel diseases,MVD)患者205例,年龄35～84岁,男性112例,女性93例。根据血运重建情况分为完全性血运重建组106例;部分血运重建组99例。术后1年内定期于心内科门诊或电话随访患者。记录患者一般临床情况、纽约心脏病协会(NYHA)心功能分级、再次住院、主要不良事件(MACE)发生情况。结果与完全性血运重建组一般情况比较,部分血运重建组年龄、性别比例、合并症发生率、并发症发生率、心功能3级以及再次入院的人数无明显变化(P均0.05)。完全性血运重建组(5.6%)MACE事件发生率与部分血运重建组(8.8%)比较无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论功能性部分血运重建治疗冠心病多支病变的疗效不劣于完全性血运重建。     

A Randomized Comparison of Novel Biodegradable Polymer- and Durable Polymer–Coated Cobalt-Chromium Sirolimus-Eluting Stents

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that a novel biodegradable polymer–coated, cobalt-chromium (CoCr), sirolimus-eluting stent (BP-SES) is noninferior in safety and efficacy outcomes compared with a durable polymer (DP)-SES.BackgroundNo randomized trials have the compared safety and efficacy of BP-SES versus DP-SES on similar CoCr platforms, thereby isolating the effect of the polymer type.MethodsIn this prospective, single-blind, randomized trial conducted at 32 Chinese sites, 2,737 patients eligible for coronary stenting were treated with BP- or DP-SES in a 2:1 ratio. The primary endpoint was 12-month target lesion failure (TLF), a composite of cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction, or clinically indicated target lesion revascularization. Secondary endpoints included TLF components, and definite/probable stent thrombosis.ResultsAt 12 months, the difference in the primary endpoint of TLF between BP-SES (6.3%) and DP-SES (6.1%) groups was 0.25% (95% confidence interval: −1.67% to 2.17%, p for noninferiority = 0.0002), demonstrating noninferiority of BP-SES to DP-SES. Individual TLF components of cardiac death (0.7% vs. 0.6%, p = 0.62), target vessel myocardial infarction (3.6% vs. 4.3%, p = 0.39), and clinically indicated target lesion revascularization (2.6% vs. 2.2%, p = 0.50) were similar, as were low definite/probable stent thrombosis rates (0.4% vs. 0.6%, p = 0.55).ConclusionsIn this large-scale real-world trial, BP-SES was noninferior to DP-SES for 1-year TLF. (Evaluate Safety and Effectiveness of the Tivoli ® DES and the Firebird ® DES for Treatment of Coronary Revascularization; NCT01681381)