Application of median-effect in quantitative analysis of antitumor drugs in vitro

Objective: To analyze quantitatively the synergistic and antagonistic effects of combined oxymatrine (OMT) and 5-fluorouracil (5-GU) on a cell line of human liver cancer (HepG2) with median-effect principle in vitro. Methods: The median-effect principle and MTT method were used in the quantitative analysis of effects of the two drugs. Results: Cytotoxic activity of the individual drugs enhanced as drug concentration increased. As fa=0.41, a CI equal to 1 indicated additivity; fa<0.41, a CI less than 1 indicated synergy; and fa>0.41, a CI greater than 1 indicated antagonism. The sequence of administration did not influence the cytotoxic activity of the combined antitumor drugs. The ratio of drug concentration was a factor that can influence the killing effect. Conclusion: The combined drugs interaction (CI<1) was synergistic at lower concentration and antagonistic at higher concentration. The ratio of drug concentration is a factor that can influence the killing effect. Biography: HE Song(1965–), male, doctor of medicine, associate professor, Chongqing Medical University, majors in gastroenterology.     

Parental Perceptions, Early Maladaptive Schemas, and Depressive Symptoms in Young Adults

Cognitive models of depression propose that negative schemas contribute to depressive symptoms. Early experiences, particularly parenting, have been proposed to influence cognitive schemas and have also been shown to correlate with depression. This study explores the concurrent relationship between retrospective reports of parenting, Early Maladaptive Schemas (EMSs) described by J. E. Young (1994), and symptoms of depression in a sample of undergraduate students (N = 194). The EMSs of defectiveness/shame, insufficient self-control, vulnerability, and incompetence/inferiority were associated with perceptions of parenting and depressive symptomatology. There was evidence that these four EMSs partially mediate the relationship between parental perceptions and depressive symptomatology. Results are discussed in relation to previous findings, theory, and the measurement of EMSs.     

论以服务对象为中心的医院管理道德原则

以服务对象为中心，就是医院管理者在医院工作管理过程中，从维护病人和服务对象的利益出发，将以为服务对象服务，满足服务对象合理医疗保健需求作为医院各项工作的中心，把服务对象至上、一切为了病人和服务对象的医院管理道德要求落实到各项管理措施之中。     

Necessary optimality conditions for a generalized problem of production scheduling

This communication concerns a derivation and study of necessary optimality conditions for production scheduling. The continuous-time optimal control problem is stated for the analysis of extremal behaviour of a flexible flow shop. This is accomplished by means of the maximum principle, which is applied to the problem with irregular constraints and three typical forms of objective function.     

解毒降浊、益气活瘀是治疗老年缺血性卒中的主要治则

老年缺血性卒中在病因病机、治疗方法等方面迥异于老年前期缺血性卒中患者。根据老年人的生理病理特点结合临床实际，认为正虚血瘀为本，浊毒内蕴为标，毒损脑络为老年脑缺血损伤的终结；正虚血瘀、浊毒内蕴是老年脑缺血损伤的根本原因；解毒降浊、益气活血是治疗老年缺血性卒中的重要方法之一。     

方剑乔教授针药结合治疗类风湿性关节炎的临床思辨特色与治疗经验

[目的] 介绍方剑乔教授针药结合治疗类风湿性关节炎的临床思辨特色及其临证经验。[方法] 通过整理、回顾、分析方教授治疗类风湿性关节炎的相关文献及医案,从中医病因病机和治则治法等方面,总结归纳方教授治疗类风湿性关节炎的学术经验,并列举医案一则予以佐证。[结果] 临床思辨上,方教授认为“痰、瘀、虚交错”为该病的基本病机,治疗宜针药结合,主要起到同效相须、异效互补和反效制约的作用。临证治疗上,方教授强调,针刺宜整体治疗与局部穴位兼顾,须重视经络辨证。合理应用电针,疼痛急性发作期电针频率多选择“先高后低”,先100 Hz/10～15 min,后2 Hz/30 min;慢性疼痛期电针治疗多选择疏密波(2/100 Hz)。用药强调精准辨证,在该病四种基本证型的基础上提出了阴虚湿热兼证的概念,确立了滋阴清热、通络止痛的治疗大法。倡导适时采用经皮穴位电刺激治疗,其操作简单,携带方便,在镇痛方面具有明显的优势。所举病案采用西药甲氨蝶呤片抑制免疫,稳定病情;中药以祛风除湿为主,佐以藤类药通络行窜、祛风止痛;电针治疗选择频率为2/100 Hz的疏密波调和气血、通络止痛。经治疗后,患者症状缓解,相关指标趋于正常。[结论] 方剑乔教授根据本病的病因病机及临床特点进行辨证论治,针药并重,中西医取长补短,临床特色鲜明,治疗效果显著,值得临床借鉴和推广。     

基于股骨正位X片的人工髋关节术前优选系统的研究

目的研究开发人工髋关节术前优选系统,为患者选择最优的人工髋关节。方法综合国内外人工髋关节选择的最新成果,对人工髋关节假体的形状尺寸特征进行了全面分析,结合股骨正位X片,制订了人工髋关节的选择原则,并进行几何和力学评价;使用MATLAB和VB混合编程开发人工髋关节术前优选系统。结果制订了优选准则与评价方法,开发人工髋关节术前优选系统。临床初步应用,已为患者成功进行了人工髋关节置换术。结论根据患者股骨正位X片及其股骨特征尺寸,该系统可以准确的为患者选择最优的假体。     

Voluntary Heart Rate Control During Static Muscular Effort

To test the hypothesis that voluntary heart rate (HR) control is possible with simultaneous muscular effort, 8 male subjects were trained in feedback assisted bidirectional HR control, and also practiced hand grip exercises requiring different levels of effort for 3 consecutive daily sessions. In a fourth session subjects were required to increase and decrease HR while simultaneously performing muscle contractions of 0%, 10%, 30% and 50% of maximum voluntary contractions. Substantial and reliable variations in HR were produced by instructions and by muscular effort during the first 3 sessions; and in the fourth session bidirectional HR control continued even with the relatively elevated baselines induced by muscular effort. Concomitant chin EMG levels did not vary with degree of muscular effort nor with instructions to increase or decrease HR, but increased over the course of any type of trial. Discussion suggests the use of artificially elevated baselines as a strategy for studying HR deceleration and concludes that the present study provides strong evidence of subjects' abilities to voluntarily control HR during muscular effort. This conclusion lends support to the notion that biofeedback therapies may be of clinical utility in real life by modulating the eliciting effects of stressors.     

Conditioned Diastolic Blood Pressure as a Function of Induced Masseter Muscle Tension

The purpose of this study was twofold: 1) to attempt to replicate a previous study in which subjects were trained to produce bi-directional changes in diastolic BP as great as 10% to 15% of baseline, and 2) to determine whether the same subjects could acquire such a BP response under conditions of induced muscle tension. A 2x3 design was used in which 24 subjects were randomly assigned to one of two training procedures (feedback vs no feedback), and one of three muscular tension conditions. Acquisition took place over 14 sessions; 7 were used to train UP and 7 were used to condition DOWN responses. Results showed that during UP training, subjects learned to raise their BP in the absence of induced tension, but not when tension was present. However, the same subjects learned to lower their BP with and without induced tension, although their performance under the tension condition was only marginally reliable.     

焦虑在家庭亲密度与发育迟缓儿童自我意识关系间的中介效应分析

目的 调查发育迟缓儿童的自我意识水平,并探讨焦虑在家庭亲密度与自我意识的中介作用。方法 采取便利抽样法,于2019年7月—2021年4月抽取辽宁省某医院儿科门诊就诊和复查的200例发育迟缓儿童作为研究对象。采用一般资料调查问卷、家庭亲密度与适应性量表(FACES-Ⅱ)、儿童焦虑量表与儿童自我意识量表进行调查。结果 200例发育迟缓儿童的自我意识总分为45.87±4.15,FACES-Ⅱ得分与自我意识总分呈负相关 (r＝-0.607,P＜0.01);FACES-Ⅱ得分与儿童焦虑呈正相关(r=0.416,P＜0.001);儿童焦虑与自我意识呈负相关(r＝-0.367,P＜0.01)。中介效应检验结果显示,儿童焦虑在家庭亲密度对自我意识之间存在显著的部分中介效应,95%CI为(-0.257,-0.043)。中介效应值为-0.077,占总效应的9.50%。 结论 发育迟缓儿童自我意识较低,要重点关注对儿童焦虑情绪的疏导,营造良好的家庭氛围和融洽的亲子关系,提高发育迟缓儿童心理健康与自我意识水平。