宽谱红外光（1100nm-1800nm）嫩肤仪的研究与设计

目的:比较现有的各种剥脱性与非剥脱性嫩肤技术的优缺点,并在介绍一种新型的利用特定波段(1100nm～1800nm)的宽谱红外光嫩肤的机理的基础上,进行相应红外光嫩肤仪器的研究与设计.方法:本文首先介绍了利用该特定波段的宽谱红外光进行嫩肤的机理,然后在借鉴国内外相关产品的基础上,自主研发,使其既能在技术指标上达到国际同行产品的规格,又能极大地降低研发及生产成本.对该嫩肤仪器的总体结构采用模块化设计,包括:控制系统模块、电源模块、红外光产生模块、人机交互模块、水冷却循环模块及开关控制模块,同时详细讨论了仪器设计中需要重点考虑的如何产生治疗所要求的红外光脉冲、人机交互界面、抗干扰设计三个方面的问题.结果:本文给出了仪器的总体结构图和所实现的人机交互界面.由实验测得的该仪器产生的宽谱红外光的技术参数完全达到了设计要求并可投人临床使用.经过反复测试,该仪器在整机运行的稳定性、可靠性,以及光头出光能量的均匀性、稳定性均方面达到红外光嫩肤美容治疗的要求.结论:该产品将具有良好的医疗美容的应用前景及市场前景.     

Rectal fistulae after salvage high‐intensity focused ultrasound for recurrent prostate cancer after combined brachytherapy and external beam radiotherapy

OBJECTIVE

To report on the high rectal fistula rate associated with salvage high‐intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) after the failure of combined brachytherapy and external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) for prostate cancer; salvage ablative therapy for prostate cancer is indicated when there is local recurrence after RT, brachytherapy or their combination.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

We retrospectively reviewed all men with prostate cancer treated with HIFU between 1 March 2005 and 31 May 2007, and identified five men treated after the failure of both brachytherapy and EBRT for localized prostate cancer.

RESULTS

Three of the five men had iodine‐seed implantation brachytherapy combined with EBRT as primary treatment, one had high‐dose rate brachytherapy combined with EBRT and one had salvage iodine‐seed brachytherapy for failed EBRT. Three of the five patients developed a recto‐urethral fistula after HIFU.

CONCLUSIONS

The high rate of recto‐urethral fistula formation in this group might reflect an impaired blood supply or HIFU‐associated near‐field heating of the rectal wall. Tissue viability and healing might affect this group regardless of the salvage method. Careful patient selection and avoidance of rectal diagnostic biopsies might minimize the risk. Emerging ablative therapies regarded as less invasive than traditional therapies must be used with caution.     

红光照射对维持性血液透析患者氧自由基的作用

目的观察采用红光照射方法降低维持性血液透析患者氧自由基的效果。方法选择30例维持性血液透析患者,在血液透析治疗时采用MRX—I体外红光照射治疗系统照射其体外循环管中的血液120min／次,8次为一疗程。照射前、后抽血测MDA、SOD、AOPP、GPx,对照组不采取红光照射方法。结果30例患者透析失衡综合征减轻、自我感觉良好、精神状态好;经红光照射后治疗组MDA、AOPP下降,SOD、GPx含量上升,对照组透析后SOD和GPx水平下降、MDA水平上升、AOPP透析前后无明显变化。结论维持性血液透析患者经红光照射后能有效的清除体内的氧自由基,并可改善患者的临床症状。     

Verification of switched liquid crystal eye protection filters

Protective eye-wear which utilizes switched liquid crystal can provide protection for operators using intense pulsed light sources (IPLs). Such eye protection devices combine the properties of useful visual transmittance in the nonactivated state and low light transmission in the active blocking state. The performance of a specific LightSpeed device has been determined using a series of bandpass optical filters coupled to photodiode detectors with signals being captured using a USB interface. Such measurements have allowed key switching parameters of these devices to be determined as part of the process of assessing their effectiveness. Measurements of optical density of transmitting state and blocking state were also determined using a double grating spectroradiometer. A simple model of active filter function was developed and applied to specific IPL pulse profiles.     

高强度聚焦超声治疗子宫肌瘤的研究进展

高强度聚焦超声(HIFU)治疗子宫肌瘤是近年应用于临床的无创技术,具有安全可靠、痛苦小、恢复快、保留子宫、并发症少等优点。大量的临床研究表明,这种治疗方法能保留子宫的正常生理功能,可减少手术治疗时对患者的心理影响,具有传统治疗方法无法比拟的特点,就其临床研究进展予以简述。     

Cystic fibrosis heterozygotes do not have increased platelet activation

INTRODUCTION: We have previously demonstrated platelet hyperreactivity in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Carriers of one CF mutation (heterozygotes) have been shown to have abnormalities related to the presence of only one-half the normal amount of CF transmembrane conductance regulator protein. Platelet hyperreactivity in CF heterozygotes would be an important cardiovascular risk factor, since approximately 1 in 25 Caucasians is a CF carrier. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used highly sensitive assays of platelet activation to assess the difference between 16 CF heterozygotes and 16 age- and sex-matched healthy controls without CF mutations. RESULTS: We found no difference in platelet activation between CF heterozygotes and controls. CONCLUSIONS: The 50% reduction in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator protein in heterozygotes is insufficient to cause platelet activation.     

The effectiveness of ziprasidone in treating impaired quality of life in schizophrenia: a 12-month, open-label, flexible-dose, naturalistic observational study of patients undergoing usual care

OBJECTIVE: Health related quality of life (HRQL) has become an important outcome measure in the treatment of psychiatric disorders. This long-term observational study examined ziprasidone-induced improvement in satisfaction with HRQL in schizophrenia patients treated under real-world conditions. METHOD: Seventy schizophrenia patients with persistent symptoms or troublesome side effects were assigned to a 12-month, open-label, flexible-dose (40-160 mg/d), large-scale, naturalistic trial. Outcome measures were taken at baseline, 6, and 12 months, and included the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q), severity of symptoms, distress, and side effects. RESULTS: Thirty-two patients fully completed the study protocol. Patients reported poorer general HRQL compared with healthy subjects. At the end of the study, significant improvement in general activity, and satisfaction with life was observed. The effect sizes for these changes were moderate (0.55, and 0.72, respectively). After Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons improvement in satisfaction with general activity remained significant. No significant changes were noted in other Q-LES-Q dimensions. Improvement in general activity was associated with a reduction in the severity of symptoms and emotional distress, but was unrelated to the ziprasidone daily dose, side effect scores, and concomitantly prescribed antidepressants, anxiolytics, mood stabilizers, or antiparkinson drugs. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that ziprasidone treatment resulted in the improvement of the satisfaction with general activity that tended to increase over time, from month 6 onwards. This effect was associated with reduction in the severity of clinical symptoms, and emotional distress.     

The innervation of parvalbumin-containing interneurons by VIP-immunopositive interneurons in the primary somatosensory cortex of the adult rat

gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic interneurons of neocortex consist of many subgroups with extremely heterogeneous morphological, physiological and molecular properties. To explore the putative effect of the vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-immunopositive (VIP +) neurons on neocortical circuitry, the number and distribution of VIP + boutons were analysed on somatodendritic domains of 272 parvalbumin immunopositive (PV +) 3D-reconstructed neurons. The synaptic nature of 91% of somatic and 76% of dendritic contacts was verified by electron microscopy. The target PV + neurons were separated in two significantly different groups by means of cluster analysis. The first group (Cluster 1, 26%) received on average five times more VIP + synapses than those of the second group. The second group (Cluster 2, 74%) contained cells that were poorly innervated by VIP + boutons or did not have either somatic or dendritic or any VIP innervation at all. The cells of Cluster 1 had a soma size and total dendritic length significantly smaller than that of Cluster 2, however, they received three times more dendritic synapses, which resulted in a five times higher VIP + synaptic density on dendrites. Our results showed that although most of the PV + cells are innervated by VIP + boutons at a varying degree, some 6% of PV + cells received no input from VIP + interneurons. This suggests a refined morphological basis to influence the majority of the PV + interneurons, which are very effectively controlling pyramidal cell firing. Together with metabolic and neuromodulatory effects of VIP, this would probably result in an enhanced responsiveness of the latter cell type to tactile stimuli.