北京地区高学历吸毒者的情况分析

目的:了解北京地区高学历吸毒者的情况,为采取有效防范措施提供依据。方法:自拟调查问卷对北京市安康医院戒毒中心2000年1月1日-2003年12月31日收治的戒毒人员中大专以上高学历者进行逐项登记,并对吸毒原因、毒品滥用等情况分析。结果:高学历吸毒者共计431例,占同期戒毒的4.52%,其中男265例(61.48%),女166例(38.52%)。婚姻状况:未婚289例(67.05%),已婚100例(23.20%);职业:以无业为主,219例(50.81%),其次为职员,73例(16.94%);吸毒主要原因:好奇264例(61.25%)、受他人(朋友)影响112例(25.99%);主要滥用毒品的种类:海洛因274例(63.57%)、“摇头丸”130例(30.16%);滥用方式:海洛因滥用者中烫吸155例(57.57%)、注射119例(43.43%),“摇头丸”均为口服,其中119例(91.54%)兑于酒或饮料中使用;大麻均为烟吸,“K粉”均为兑于饮料中使用。有86.92%(113/130)的“摇头丸”滥用者认为服用摇头丸不会成瘾。结论:高学历吸毒人群以未婚、无固定职业为主体,高学历者好奇心强,易受他人影响,对新型毒品(摇头丸)知识欠缺,有关部门应加强宣传教育。     

人血清载脂蛋白A-I的分离、纯化及其测定

用超离心法制备人血清高密度脂蛋白(HDL);甲醇/氯仿脱脂;经Sephadex G-150层析及DEAE-纤维素(DE-52)离子交换得纯化载脂蛋白A-I(Apo A-I),免疫新西兰兔,获得效价为1:32的特异性抗人Apo A-I抗血清。用本室建立的单向火箭免疫电泳法测定了158名健康中年人与9名老人的血清Apo A—I含量,结果发现:β-脂蛋白<5g/L,总胆固醇<2mmol/L的人血清Apo A-I含量男女分别为2.06±0.16g/L和2.07±0.15g/L;而β脂蛋白≥5g/L,总胆固醇≥2mmol/L的人血清Apo A-I含量男女分别为1.75±0.15g/L和1.82±0.1g/L,由此可见,血脂正常的男性和女性的Apo A—I含量均显著高于血脂高的男性和女性。80岁以上老年人的血清Apo A-I含量为2.1±0.1g/L,也在正常范围。与文献报道比较,我国人的血清Apo A-I含量高于外国人,这与我国人HDL水平较外国人高一致。     

三康胶囊对高原移居者运动后NO乳酸及血氨的影响

目的探讨三康胶囊对高原人体运动后一氧化氮(NO)及其合酶(NOS)、乳酸(BLA)、血氨(Ammo)的影响.方法选择进驻海拔3 700 m高原1年的10名健康青年,口服三康胶囊15 d,在服药前后分别采用功量自行车进行渐增负荷运动,测定其血清 NO、NOS、BLA及Ammo含量.结果服药后较服药前运动后NO水平[(101.02±6.49) Vs (77.10±8.11)]和NOS活性[(71.40±7.23) Vs (56.29±6.28)]均增高, BLA[(7.58±0.79)Vs (6.13±0.74)]和Ammo[(80.11±9.44)Vs (69.38±8.86)]降低,有非常显著性差异(P＜0.01).结论 三康胶囊能增强高原移居者运动后NOS活性,加速乳酸清除,减缓运动疲劳的发生.     

枢复宁在肺癌患者体内的药物动力学和生物利用度

９名接受顺铂化疗的原发性肺癌患者单次口服和静脉注射枢复宁８ｍｇ后，用反相高效液相色谱法测定血浆药物浓度。经用ＰＫＢＰ－Ｎ１程序在计算机上拟合计算表明，枢复宁在人体内表现为二房室模型。口服后主要药动学参数：Ｔ１／２Ｋａ＝０．４１±０．３０ｈ，Ｔ１／２α＝０．９±０．４３ｈ，Ｔ１／２β＝３．３±１．２ｈ，Ｃｍａｘ＝２８．６±９．５ｎｇ／ｍｌ，Ｔｍａｘ＝１．７±０．９ｈ，ＡＵＣ＝１５８±７３ｎｇ·ｈ／ｍｌ，绝对生物利用度为５５％。     

Acute urticaria and hepatitis complicating high-dose methotrexate therapy

We report an unusual case of anaphylaxis and hepatitic dysfunction in a child with the administration of the twenty-third course of high-dose methotrexate. The latter had been used as an adjuvant to prevent pulmonary metastases and the prior 22 courses had been well tolerated. An attempt to reinstate methotrexate after the twenty-third course was again followed by a similar reaction. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Metabolic response to beet fibre test meals

Test meals with 10.9 g dietary fibre from sugar beet and corresponding control meals were given to eight healthy subjects, aged 67 ± 9 years. The postprandial glucose, triglyceride, hormone and glycerol responses were monitored during 3 hours. After the beet fibre meal the insulin and C-peptide areas were reduced by 28 ( P < 0.01) and 22% ( P > 0.025), respectively, and the somatostatin levels increased by approximately 30% ( P > 0.05). Further, the maximum relative postprandial reduction of plasma glycerol levels was less evident after the fibre-rich meal than after the control meal (36 ± 4% v. 46 ± 4%, P < 0.05). There was no apparent difference in the overall glycaemic response between the meals. The triglyceride levels were similar after both test meals.
Suspension of beet fibre bread given to rats by oro-gastric intubation induced lower blood glucose response than a control bread at 15 and 30 min ( P < 0.001), respectively, but a similar insulin response.
The results suggest an effect of beet fibre on the rate of carbohydrate absorption, expressed as a lower insulin response in the healthy volunteers and a reduced glucose response in the rat.
The mechanism behind this effect in healthy subjects could possibly be mediated by an increased somatostatin response.     

新生儿窒息后血糖,血气,心肌酶活性测定及其相关因素分析

目的：探讨新生儿窒息后血糖，血气，心肌酶（谷草转氨酶，磷酸肌酸激酶及乳酸氢酶）的变化及其相关性。方法；血糖采用微量血糖仪测定，血气用足跟动脉化毛细血管法，心肌酶采用酶偶联连续监测，相关分析采用多元线性回归法。结果：低血糖８例，高血糖３例；３６例均存在着不同程度的低氧血症和混合性酸中毒；２２例心肌酶活性增高。血糖值与日龄呈负相关，与体温呈正相关，心肌酶活性男性高于女性，各酶之间有一定的相关性，但并非     

环丙沙星滴眼剂在家兔眼内组织分布及其药物动力学

环丙沙星（ｃｉｐｒｏｆｌｏｘａｃｉｎ，ＣＰＦＸ）滴眼液点入兔眼后，用ＨＰＬＣ法测定眼内各组织中药物浓度。结果在角膜、房水、虹膜－睫状体、晶体、玻璃体内峰浓度值分别为１９．４３μｇ／ｇ，１．５８μｇ／ｍｌ，１６．６８μｇ／ｇ，１．４２μｇ／ｇ和０．９６μｇ／ｍｌ；其半衰期分别为０．７６，０．６９，０．９２，０．６１和１．４０ｈ。结果表明ＣＰＦＸ能在眼内达到较高的抗菌浓度。     

肥胖患者胰升糖素水平变化及其对空腹血糖的影响

目的　探讨肥胖患者胰升糖素的变化特点及其对血糖的影响。方法　将 82例患者根据体重指数分为 3组 :A组 (BMI <2 4,n =2 3 )、B组 (2 4≤BMI <2 7,n =2 7)、C组 (BMI≥ 2 7,n =3 2 ) ,分别测定胰升糖素、胰岛素、空腹血糖 ,采用单因素方差分析法与Spearman等级相关性分析法进行分析。结果　 3组胰升糖素分别为 (15 6.3± 5 8.6)、(186.7± 67.5 )、(2 2 2 .2± 88.4)ng·L-1,C组与A组比较有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1) ;3组胰岛素分别为 (15 .4± 4.7)mIU·L-1、(2 0 .6± 9.6)mIU·L-1、(2 2 .3± 10 .6)mIU·L-1,B组、C组与A组比较差异有显著意义 (P <0 .0 5、P <0 .0 1) ;B、C两组胰升糖素与空腹血糖呈正相关。结论　肥胖患者胰岛素、胰升糖素一致性增高 ,胰升糖素的增高是空腹血糖增高的重要因素。