姜黄素具有抑制血管生成与诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡双重作用

目的　探讨姜黄素的抗肿瘤机制。方法　采用鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜模型观察姜黄素对血管生成的影响 ;利用培养的肿瘤细胞SMMC 772 1,采用电子显微镜及流式细胞仪观察姜黄素诱导SMMC 772 1细胞凋亡的作用。结果　姜黄素能明显抑制鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜内的血管生成 ,2 0 μmol·L-1的姜黄素即可诱导SMMC 772 1细胞凋亡。结论　姜黄素的抗肿瘤机制是多方面的 ,既可抑制血管生成又可诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡     

凋亡抑制因子生存素的研究进展

生存素(survivin)是新近发现的一个IAP家族的独特成员，表达于胚胎组织和多种癌组织，但不见于正常组织。能抑制各种因子诱导的细胞凋亡，并参与血管生成，作为一种普遍表达的肿瘤特异性凋亡抑制因子，生存素可能是肿瘤靶基因蛋白治疗的理想靶点。     

腺病毒介导的小鼠内皮抑素治疗胃癌的研究

目的:探讨人血管生成素-1(angiopoietin-1,Ang-1)对人脐静脉内皮细胞(human umbilican vein endothelia cell,HUVEC)增殖和凋亡的影响,以进一步研究其生物学作用及其在肿瘤发生中的作用机制.方法:构建pcDNA3.1-V5-HisC-Ang-1真核表达载体,并瞬时转染293细胞;取新生儿脐带经胶原酶消化等方法分离培养HUVEC;分别通过MTT比色和细胞计数法,分析Ang-1瞬时转染上清对HUVEC增殖的影响;通过流式细胞仪分析在血浆饥饿实验条件下,Ang-1对HUVEC凋亡的影响.结果:成功克隆了Ang-1基因,构建了其正义真核表达载体,并在293细胞中瞬时表达;成功进行了HUVEC的原代分离及传代培养;MTT法检测HUVEC增殖结果:只加培养液组、加空载体转染上清组、加Ang-1转染上清组HUVEC OD490值分别为0.36±0.11,0.40±0.03,0.68±0.10(P＜0.05);细胞计数法检测结果依次为:(10.13±2.06)×104,(8.7±1.73)×104,(15.03±1.98)×104(P＜0.05).流式细胞仪检测HUVEC凋亡率依次为:21%,19%和6%.结论:Ang-1能显著促进血管内皮细胞体外增殖,抑制血浆饥饿时HUVEC的凋亡.     

血管能抑素重组基因表达载体抗肺癌效应研究

目的:通过构建人血管能抑制素(Canstatin)真核表达载体,转染裸鼠肿瘤局部,探索其对肺癌治疗作用.方法:RT-PCR法获取Canstatin cDNA全长,定向克隆法构建Canstatin基因表达载体pCMV-Script-Cans.荧光定量PCR法检测转染细胞Canstatin mRNA的表达.台盼蓝拒染法、3H-TdR掺入法检测细胞生长增殖,TUNEL法检测细胞凋亡.基因枪转染重组载体到荷瘤裸鼠肿瘤局部,CD31单克隆抗体微血管记数检测抗血管生成效应.结果:成功构建pCMV-Script-Cans重组载体,并在转染的细胞株中检测到Canstatin mRNA的表达.人脐静脉内皮HUV-EC-C细胞株pCMV-Script-Cans质粒转染组比空载体组3H-TdR掺入量明显减低(P＜0.01),细胞凋亡率明显增加(P＜0.01),重组载体转染肿瘤生长缓慢,微血管数显著低于对照组(P＜0.01).结论:pCMV-Script-Cans重组载体能在转染的哺乳动物细胞中表达Canstatin,并抑制内皮细胞增殖,而且有很好的抗肺癌血管生成作用.     

携带flk1的重组减毒沙门氏菌的构建及其抗肿瘤血管生成的研究

目的:观察携带鼠血管内皮生长因子受体-2(vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2,flk1)的重组减毒鼠伤寒沙门氏菌诱导的flk1特异性免疫应答及抗肿瘤血管生成作用.方法:构建真核表达载体pcDNA3.1-flk1,并将其转化到减毒鼠伤寒沙门氏菌SL7207中,体外感染小鼠巨噬细胞,用Western印迹对表达产物进行鉴定,将重组菌口服免疫小鼠,分析免疫后小鼠体内的特异性CTL应答.采用藻酸盐微囊实验观察其对体内肿瘤血管生成的影响.结果:免疫印迹试验表明携带pcD-NA3.1-flk1表达载体的重组菌感染的小鼠巨噬细胞能表达flk1蛋白,免疫小鼠脾淋巴细胞产生针对flk1的特异性CTL活性.重组疫苗菌的免疫能够明显抑制小鼠体内肿瘤血管的形成.结论:携带flk1的重组减毒沙门氏菌经口服免疫,诱导小鼠产生抗flk1的特异性免疫反应,且能明显产生抗肿瘤血管生成作用.     

整合素与肿瘤血管生成

整合素家族是一类黏附分子,表达于内皮细胞,在肿瘤的血管生成过程中起着极为重要的作用.许多细胞因子促进肿瘤的血管生成是通过整合素的介导作用实现的,先引起整合素表达的变化,进一步引起内皮细胞的增殖、迁移.     

妇科肿瘤患者尿液中血管抑素水平及临床意义

[目的]探讨测定尿液中血管抑素在妇科肿瘤诊断方面的价值.[方法]赖氨酸-ELISA法测定25例健康妇女、31例妇科良性肿瘤患者及32例妇科恶性肿瘤患者尿液中血管抑素水平.[结果]妇科恶性肿瘤组尿血管抑素水平及阳性率(中位水平为2.06,阳性率78%)高于正常组及良性肿瘤组(中位水平分别为0.70及0.80,阳性率分别为32%及35%),差异有显著性(P＜0.05及P＜0.01);正常组与良性肿瘤组尿血管抑素水平差异无显著性(P＞0.05).[结论]赖氨酸-ELISA法测定尿液中血管抑素水平可能成为一项协助妇科恶性肿瘤临床诊断的指标.     

VEGF及其受体KDR在宫颈癌的联合表达与局部肿瘤血管生成的关系

目的:探讨血管内皮生长因子及其受体KDR在早期宫颈癌的表达及其对宫颈癌肿瘤血管生成的作用。方法:采用免疫组织化学SP法检测18例宫颈上皮内瘤样病变(cervicalintraepithelialneoplasm,CIN)、75例早期宫颈癌(invasivecarcinomaofcervix,ICC)和15例正常宫颈上皮(normalcervicalepithelium,NCE)中VEGF和KDR的表达情况,并检测其中微血管密度(CD34标记)。结果:在ICC中,VEGF和KDR主要表达于癌细胞膜和(或)细胞浆;而CD34主要表达于癌巢间质血管内皮细胞。从NCE到CIN再到ICC,VEGF与KDR的阳性表达率以及MVD均显著升高(P<0.01)。在ICC中,VEGF、KDR阳性表达者其MVD分别显著高于VEGF、KDR阴性表达者(P<0.05)。VEGF在ICC的表达与KDR显著正相关(r=0.56,P<0.01),并且两者均与MVD显著正相关(前者r=0.60,P<0.01;后者r=0.33,P<0.01)。VEGF与KDR均阳性表达者,其微血管密度显著高于两者均阴性表达者(P<0.01)。结论:VEGF及其受体KDR表达在宫颈癌肿瘤血管生成中起上调作用,两者均过度表达,肿瘤血管生成显著增加。检测VEGF及其受体KDR的联合表达对进一步了解宫颈癌血管生成情况以及寻找抗肿瘤血管生成治疗新靶点有一定价值。     

The importance of angiogenesis in ovarian cancer

Advanced stage ovarian cancer has a high rate of recurrence even after surgery followed by chemotherapy combining carboplatin and a taxane. New strategies are currently under way to combat this situation and one of the most promising ones is based on the knowledge that angiogenesis, the mechanism of formation of new blood vessels coupled with the degradation of the extracellular matrix for metalloproteinases, could be crucial in the development of this tumor. The principal molecule implicated in angiogenesis process of ovarian cancer is the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Several studies are now in progress to clarify its role as a diagnostic tool or its therapeutic implication. Presently, there is no indication for the use of VEGF in a preliminary diagnosis seeing that an increase in levels can be seen in both benign and malignant ovarian conditions. VEGF is also responsible for an increase in vascular permeability and is directly related to symptoms such as ascites and pleural effusion, both of which are frequent in ovarian cancer. Several papers have analised the role of VEGF as a prognostic factor and some of them do confirm VEGF as an independent prognostic factor in ovarian cancer. VEGF and the metalloproteinase system coupled with angiogenesis are currently being evaluated as therapeutic targets but no positive results have yet to be seen in this field.      

The expression of platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor/thymidine phosphorylase associates with angiogenesis in epithelial ovarian cancer

Background The object of this study is to clarify the association of an angiogenic factor, PD-ECGF (platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor/thymidine phosphorylase), with clinicopathologic factors, in this case tumor angiogenesis, in epithelial ovarian cancers. Methods Tumor specimens were obtained at the time of surgery from the primary lesion in 60 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. Histologic cell types were assigned to tumors according to the World Health Organization classification: 26 were classified as serous adenocarcinoma, 15 as endometrioid adenocarcinoma, 9 as mucinous adenocarcinoma, 9 as clear cell carcinoma, and 1 as undifferentiated carcinoma. Surgical staging was based on the international Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system: 16 were stage I, 6 were stage II, 34 were stage III, and 4 were stage IV. Expression of PD-ECGF was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining. Microvessel density was assessed by immunostaining for factor VIII-related antigen in the most neovascularized area. Results Stroma cells stained more strongly than cancer cells (80% vs. 33%). The immunopositivity of PD-ECGF in stroma cells was higher in cases of advanced cancer. Expression of PD-ECGF in mucinous adenocarcinomas was significantly higher than that in serous adenocarcinomas, while PD-ECGF expression in clear cell carcinomas was significantly lower. The microvessel density in the cases with marked PD-ECGF-positive stroma cells was significantly higher than that in the cases with absent/minimal PD-ECGF-positive stroma cells (P<0.05). Conclusion The expression of PD-ECGF may play a crucial role in the promotion of angiogenesis in epithelial ovarian cancers.