从五运六气辨识与防治新型冠状病毒肺炎

从五运六气理论推演天时气化,据实际气候指标拟定全国16方域六气气化数值。参合两者,提示本次新型冠状病毒何以发于己亥岁末之鄂,并据患者易见症状表现,辨识此肺炎乃风温夹湿之疫厉。然后分析其易感之地,以鄂湘赣为最,次则浙闽两广江苏,以其气化相近也;好发之人,以肺脾气虚湿盛者为甚,次则肝气失调、素体孱弱者,以其正虚邪凑也。进而推测疫情演化趋势,庚子岁半之前,疫情正烈;岁半而后,当衰减而泯灭。中医防治,当以出具防治方药为本,参考古今医家治疫理法,结合自家经验,拟定防治方药八帧。     

舌面散刺联合金津、玉液点刺出血治疗脑卒中后吞咽困难临床疗效观察

目的 探讨舌面散刺联合金津、玉液点刺出血治疗脑卒中后吞咽困难的临床疗效。方法 将60例脑卒中后吞咽困难患者,采用随机数字表法按患者入院先后顺序随机分为对照组30例,治疗组30例。两组均给予神经内科常规西药治疗及吞咽功能康复训练,对照组采用常规针刺,取廉泉、风府、哑门穴,治疗组在对照组基础上采用舌面散刺联合金津、玉液点刺出血,2周为1个疗程。2周后采用洼田饮水试验量表、改良曼恩吞咽能力评估（Mann assessment of swallowing ability,MASA）量表、改良Barthel指数（modified Barthel index,MBI）量表评价并比较两组的疗效。结果 治疗后两组患者洼田饮水试验量表评级比较,差异有统计学意义（Z=－4.026,P=0.000）;且治疗后治疗组的洼田饮水试验量表评级在Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级分布占比较多;广义估计方程统计结果表明,两组治疗方法产生的疗效不同,治疗组吞咽功能恢复情况优于对照组（P<0.05）,治疗后吞咽功能疗效优于治疗前（P<0.05）。两组患者治疗后MBI量表评分、MASA评分均较治疗前显著升高（P<0.05）,且治疗组MBI量表评分升高程度大于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 舌面散刺联合金津、玉液点刺出血治疗脑卒中后吞咽困难疗效确切,该治疗方法可促进神经功能恢复,减轻患者脑卒中后吞咽困难症状,提高患者生活质量。     

连续波热牙胶垂直充填术根尖微渗漏的研究

目的 评价连续波热牙胶垂直充填术在根充后3、7、30d的根尖微渗漏情况,并与根管冷侧压充填做比较.方法 将87颗单根人离体牙,常规根管预备,随机分为2组,S组43颗牙采用连续波热牙胶垂直根管充填术;L组44颗牙选用冷侧压根管充填术.2组根管充填后进行染色,分别在3、7、30d纵向劈开牙后,测量染色线长度并进行统计学分析.结果 S3d组,L3d组,S7d组,L7d组的染色线长度分别为2.13±2.13mm,3.50±2.05mm,5.36±3.58mm,3.58±2.95mm,统计学无显著性差异(P＞0.05).S30d组和L30d组的染色线长度分别为4.73±3.90mm,7.33±5.05mm,S30d比L30d短,但统计学没有差异(P＞0.05).结论 连续波热牙胶垂直充填术在根尖微渗漏方面,短期内与冷牙胶侧压充填术无明显差异.长期(1个月以上)优于冷牙胶侧压充填术,但统计学无差异.     

The influence of smear layer in lateral channels filling

This in vitro study evaluated the ability of a warm gutta-percha obturation system Thermafil to fill lateral channels in presence/absence of smear layer. Forty single-rooted extracted human teeth were randomly divided into two groups for which different irrigation regimens were used: group A, 5 ml of 5% NaOCl + 2.5 ml of 3.6% H₂O₂; group B, 5 ml of 5% NaOCl 5% + 2.5 ml of 17% ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid. A conventional crown-down preparation technique was employed. Obturation was performed using epoxy resin-based cement (AH Plus) and a warm gutta-percha plastic carrier system (Thermafil). Specimens were cleared in methyl salicylate and analyzed under a stereomicroscope to evaluate the number, length, and diameter of lateral channels. Lateral channels were identified in both groups at medium and apical thirds. Additional samples were prepared for scanning electron microscopy inspection to confirm the presence of smear layer in group A, and the absence of smear layer in group B. All lateral channels resulted filled in both groups. No statistically significant differences regarding number, length, and diameter were observed between the two groups. Smear layer did not prevent the sealing of lateral channels.     

Robotic Partial Nephrectomy with Superselective Versus Main Artery Clamping: A Retrospective Comparison

Background

Concerns have been raised regarding partial nephrectomy (PN) techniques that do not occlude the main renal artery.

Objective

Compare the perioperative outcomes of superselective versus main renal artery control during robotic PN.

Design, setting, and participants

A retrospective analysis of 121 consecutive patients undergoing robotic PN using superselective control (group 1, n = 58) or main artery clamping (group 2, n = 63).

Intervention

Group 1 underwent tumor-specific devascularization, maintaining ongoing arterial perfusion to the renal remnant at all times. Group 2 underwent main renal artery clamping, creating global renal ischemia.

Outcome measurements and statistical analysis

Perioperative and functional data were evaluated. The Pearson chi-square or Fisher exact and Wilcoxon rank sum tests were used.

Results and limitations

All robotic procedures were successful, all surgical margins were negative, and no kidneys were lost. Compared with group 2 tumors, group 1 tumors were larger (3.4 vs 2.6 cm, p = 0.004), more commonly hilar (24% vs 6%, p = 0.009), and more complex (PADUA 10 vs 8, p = 0.009). Group 1 patients had longer median operative time (p < 0.001) and transfusion rates (24% vs 6%, p < 0.01) but similar estimated blood loss (200 vs 150 ml), perioperative complications (15% vs 13%), and hospital stay. Group 1 patients had less decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate at discharge (0% vs 11%, p = 0.01) and at last follow-up (11% vs 17%, p = 0.03). On computed tomography volumetrics, group 1 patients trended toward greater parenchymal preservation (95% vs 90%, p = 0.07) despite larger tumor size and volume (19 vs 8 ml, p = 0.002). Main limitations are the retrospective study design, small cohort, and short follow-up.

Conclusions

Robotic PN with superselective vascular control enables tumor excision without any global renal ischemia. Blood loss, complications, and positive margin rates were low and similar to main artery clamping. In this initial developmental phase, limitations included more perioperative transfusions and longer operative time. The advantage of superselective clamping for better renal function preservation requires validation by prospective randomized studies.

Patient summary

Preserving global blood flow to the kidney during robotic partial nephrectomy (PN) does not lead to a higher complication rate and may lead to better postoperative renal function compared with clamped PN techniques.     

暖贴加热法在溶解甘露醇结晶中的应用观察

目的 探讨暖贴加热法溶解甘露醇结晶在临床应用中的可行性.方法 选择2012年10月至2013年4月期间结晶的甘露醇400袋,按单双号随机分成对照组和试验组,各200袋.对照组采用温水浸泡溶解的方法,试验组采用贴暖贴加热溶解的方法,观察比较两种不同方法甘露醇结晶的溶解时间、输注过程中再次析出结晶的例数及出现局部疼痛或静脉炎等情况.结果 与对照组比较,试验组溶解甘露醇结晶时间均明显缩短、温度保持时间延长、输注过程再次析出结晶的例数减少、局部刺激疼痛和静脉炎发生率明显降低,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 暖贴加热法溶解甘露醇结晶操作简单、方便快捷、安全可行、并发症少、应用效果显著,值得在临床推广应用.     

闭合复位经皮穿针微创治疗新鲜Bennett骨折23例

目的：探讨闭合复位经皮穿针固定治疗Bennett骨折的手术方法及临床疗效。方法23例新鲜Bennett骨折患者在C型臂X线机透视下进行闭合复位经皮穿针内固定术,术后按TAM系统评定方法进行评估。结果随访本组23例,骨折全部愈合,均恢复良好活动度,优良率为91.3%。结论采用闭合复位经皮穿针微创治疗新鲜Bennett骨折是目前有效的手术方法之一。     

A critical overview of the current myofascial pain literature – November 2018

This is the first issue of this review column since the passing of Dr. Leon Chaitow. We would like to take a brief moment to acknowledge how much his mentorship, friendship, and confidence have meant to us. Leon was a force in osteopathic and naturopathic medicine and his influence reaches to all corners of the musculoskeletal realm crossing over many disciplines through his lectures, workshops, and of course, his many books, editorials, and articles. In the foreword to one of his books, Jan Dommerholt wrote that “Leon Chaitow […] continued the work of Travell and Simons, but also of many others, whose contributions he has skillfully woven into an intricate tapestry of clinical pearls, practical tips, and solid evidence-informed research.” Dr. Chaitow was a synthesizer, who always considered what different clinicians and researchers could possibly contribute to a better understanding of pain and dysfunction and provide real solutions to real problems. Even when he would not necessarily agree with all suggested remedies, he maintained an open mind and was able to take a step back and consider the bigger picture. For example, Leon was not a big fan of dry needling, yet, he valued the importance of this approach and encouraged the inclusion of dry needling papers in this review article and in his journal. The Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies became his baby and, considering the growth of the journal, there is no question that Leon's intense focus and efforts are appreciated by many around the globe. We wish to extend our condolences to Leon's wife Alkmini and daughter Sasha. He will surely be missed, but we can find peace in knowing that his legacy will stay with us forever.In this issue, we have included several basic myofascial pain research articles. As usual, dry needling (DN) studies and case reports are the most commonly referenced papers, but we also included neuroscience and electromyography studies, sleep studies, interrater reliability studies, and case reports of adverse events.