Involvement of immune response in anti-tumor effects of Staphylococcus Aureus Filtrate Preparation

Purpose Staphylococcus Aureus Filtrate Preparation (SAFP) is a preparation of low-virulence strain of Staphylococcus aureus. In our study, we aimed to determine the anti-tumor activity of SAFP in vivo and explore the potential mechanism. Methods Our study evaluated the anti-tumor activity of SAFP in four cancer cell models in vivo and determined its up-regulatory effects on mice immune system in vivo. Results It showed that 7.2 ng/10 g SAFP could inhibit the progression of murine hepatoma H22 and sarcoma S180, and the tumor inhibition rates achieved 48.1 and 35.7%, respectively. In human non-small cell lung cancer A549 and hepatoma BEL7402 xenograft athymic mice models, T/C of 7.2 ng/10 g SAFP group reached 41.0% in A549 model and 21.0% in BEL7402 model. Meanwhile, SAFP also significantly increased the proliferation of cultured mice splenocytes to 162.1%, and 7.2 ng/kg SAFP significantly (P < 0.001) raised the activity of NK cells, elevated the serum level of IL-2, TNF-α and IFN-γ in mice. Conclusion SAFP exhibited high efficiency in inhibiting the growth of cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner, which possibly attributed to its regulatory effects of immune system.     

Levofloxacin plus rifampicin conservative treatment of 25 early staphylococcal infections of osteosynthetic devices for rigid internal fixation

Therapeutic conclusions for staphylococcal implant infections treated with debridement and implant retention can only be drawn from a small series. To this aim, data from patients with implant staphylococcal infections (1998-2006) treated with debridement and implant retention were retrospectively reviewed. Infections were defined by staphylococci isolation (two or more consecutive debridement or three sinus tract discharge samples) along with clinical criteria. Patients received oral levofloxacin plus rifampicin for >or=6 weeks after the resolution of signs/symptoms and C-reactive protein normalisation. Failure was defined as lack of response or recurrence of signs/symptoms and/or sinus tract bacterial isolation during therapy or follow-up and/or implant removal. Twenty-five patients (53.2+/-20.8 years; 48% males) were included, 12 with spinal infections and 13 with limb implant infections. Diagnosis was performed from debridement material (72%) and sinus tract discharge (28%) (11 Staphylococcus aureus and 14 coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS)). Time from surgery to symptom onset was higher in CoNS infections compared with S. aureus infections (21.6+/-9.3 days vs. 12.6+/-5.2 days; P=0.007). Seven patients (28%) were failures, with no differences between cured patients with respect to age, sex, infection site, time from surgery to symptom onset, sinus tract diagnosis and aetiology. Longer symptom duration prior to attendance was observed in failures (5.7+/-6.2 months vs. 1.4+/-0.6 months; P=0.04). Levofloxacin plus rifampicin showed efficacy in implant infections, which was higher for short duration of symptoms.     

重视社区获得性耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌感染的流行病学研究

社区获得性耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（Community—acquired methicillin—resistant Staphylococcus aureus,CA—MRSA）感染及其在社区中的播散近年来出现逐年上升的趋势,是时下引起全球公共卫生人员广泛关注和棘手的一个严重问题。加强CA-MRSA的流行病学研究,对有效追踪传染源、进一步阐明CA—MRSA的致病机制具有重要意义。本文就CA—MRSA感染的流行病学及其研究方法、传播途径、发病机制等作一评述。     

五环三萜类柴胡皂苷单体抗耐MRSA活性研究

目的对柴胡进行有效成分分离,并对其抗菌作用明确的成分进行结构测定,确定其分子结构,得到结构明确的五环三萜类活性单体Bp3(saikosaponines,Bp3)。进一步深入研究该单体的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus,MRSA)作用及其与头孢唑林的协同作用。方法参照美国临床实验室标准化委员会(national committee for clinical laboratory standard,NCCLS)标准,测定Bp3对20株MRSA的MIC及其与头孢唑林的协同作用。结果Bp3对MRSA的抑菌作用优于头孢唑林且联合用药时显著减少了每一药物的最低抑菌浓度值(minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC),在20株耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌均表现为协同或相加作用方式。结论结构明确的五环三萜类单体Bp3对MRSA有一定的抑制作用,且与头孢唑林有协同或相加作用。     

赶黄草水煎液对金黄色葡萄球菌和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌生物膜形成的影响

目的 探究赶黄草水煎液在体外对金黄色葡萄球菌(SA)和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌生物膜(MRSA)形成的影响。方法 采用微量肉汤稀释法测定赶黄草水煎液对金黄色葡萄球菌和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(MBC),根据MIC和MBC绘制杀菌曲线,采用结晶紫染色法和激光共聚焦观察赶黄草水煎液对SA和MRSA生物膜形成的影响,并通过测定胞外多糖和胞外DNA的含量研究赶黄草水煎液破坏SA和MRSA生物膜的作用方式。结果 赶黄草水煎液对SA的MIC和MBC分别为1.36和2.71 mg/mL,对MRSA的MIC和MBC为2.71和5.73 mg/mL;赶黄草水煎液可使SA和MRSA均生长受到抑制,抑制生物膜的形成、减少胞外多糖和胞外DNA的释放。结论 赶黄草水煎液对SA和MRSA具有良好的抑菌作用,可通过抑制胞外多糖和DNA的分泌破坏生物膜的形成。     

2019—2022年临沧市人民医院血液透析患者导管相关性血流感染病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的 分析临沧市人民医院2019—2022年肾脏免疫风湿科血液透析患者导管相关性血流感染病原菌分布及耐药性,为临床合理预防及治疗导管相关性血流感染提供参考。方法 搜集2019—2022年临沧市人民医院肾脏免疫风湿科送检的发生导管相关性血流感染的血液透析患者的血标本,对其病原菌分布及耐药性进行统计分析。结果 共检出病原菌160株,其中以革兰阳性菌为主,共91株（占56.9%）,常见的是表皮葡萄球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌;革兰阴性菌共69株（占43.1%）,常见的是铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌和阴沟肠杆菌。表皮葡萄球菌中对甲氧西林耐药的菌株检出率及对青霉素耐药率均高于金黄色葡萄球菌,均未检出对万古霉素和利奈唑胺耐药的菌株。大肠埃希菌中产超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）检出率为33.3%,低于全国水平;阴沟肠杆菌对所监测的抗菌药物的敏感性较好。铜绿假单胞菌对绝大多数抗铜绿假单胞菌药物的敏感性较好;嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌对米诺环素和复方磺胺甲噁唑的敏感性均大于80%,对替卡西林/克拉维酸、米诺环素无耐药菌株。结论 临沧市人民医院血液透析患者导管相关性血流感染细菌以革兰阳性菌为主。各病原菌对临床常用抗菌药物的耐药性各有不同,应根据各病原菌的耐药特点和抗菌药物药物的药动学/药效学选择合适的抗感染药物,并及时送检微生物培养。     

1 例颅内皮氏罗尔斯顿菌合并血流瓦氏葡萄球菌感染患儿的抗感染治疗

目的:探讨 1 例颅内泛耐药皮氏罗尔斯顿菌合并血流瓦氏葡萄球菌感染患儿的抗感染治疗。 方法:从抗感染治疗方案的制定、调整、血药浓度监测、不良反应监护等多个方面对患者实施全流程药学监护。 结果:临床医师完全采纳临床药师的抗感染方案并取得了良好疗效,脑脊液和血液均未再培养出该病原菌。 结论:该抗感染方案安全、有效,临床药师提供的药学服务在临床治疗中发挥着重要作用。     

Medicinal properties of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana)

Many tropical plants have interesting biological activities with potential therapeutic applications. Garcinia mangostana Linn. (GML) belongs to the family of Guttiferae and is named “the queen of fruits”. It is cultivated in the tropical rainforest of some Southeast Asian nations like Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Philippines, and Thailand. People in these countries have used the pericarp (peel, rind, hull or ripe) of GML as a traditional medicine for the treatment of abdominal pain, diarrhea, dysentery, infected wound, suppuration, and chronic ulcer.     

2013-2015年金黄色葡萄球菌的临床分布及耐药性分析

目的：分析徐州医科大学附属医院2013—2015年金黄色葡萄球菌的临床分布及耐药情况,为临床用药提供依据。方法：收集2013年1月1日至2015年12月31日各类标本检出的金黄色葡萄球菌,临床分离株药敏实验采用标准纸片扩散(K-B)法,结果采用WHONET5.6进行分析。结果：2013—2015年共检出金黄色葡萄球菌1725株,主要来源于痰液(35.4%),在ICU(43.7%)和神经外科(12.6%)检出率最高。2013—2015年,耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA)检出率分别为63.3%,59.8%,57.6%。MRSA耐药率大于50.0%的抗菌药物有庆大霉素(53.2%~73.1%)、妥布霉素(62.8%~64.9%)、环丙沙星(67.2%~75.3%)、红霉素(86.6%~92.9%)、四环素(53.5%~65.0%);甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌(methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus,MSSA)对抗生素的耐药率排在前3位的为青霉素(85.4%~93.3%)、红霉素(68.7%~72.4%)、复方新诺明(46.3%~57.9%)。结论：本院分离的金黄色葡萄球菌主要分布在ICU和神经外科,MRSA的耐药率普遍较高,临床医生应根据耐药性合理选用抗菌药物。     

耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌感染对糖尿病足患者预后的影响

目的探讨耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)感染对糖尿病足患者预后的影响。方法选取我院2013年2月~2015年2月收治的金黄色葡萄球菌阳性糖尿病足患者92例,根据耐药试验分为MRSA组(45例,病原菌为MRSA)和MSSA组(47例,病原菌为甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌)。比较2组一般资料、血生化指标、治疗方案及预后。结果 1比较MSSA组、MRSA组溃疡病程较长,溃疡面积较大,Wagner分级和感染严重程度分度均较重(P<0.05);2比较MSSA组、MRSA组WBC与hs-CRP水平较高,ALB水平较低(P<0.05);3MRSA组手术治疗人数较MSSA组多,2组除5例患者(MRSA组3例,MSSA组2例)因病情严重拒绝继续治疗,其余患者均痊愈或好转后出院。结论 MRSA感染糖尿病足患者溃疡病程长、溃疡面积较大,全身炎症反应较重,及时进行正确的细菌培养及药敏检测,展开积极对症治疗,可取得良好预后。