Stereological ultrastructural analysis of rat cardiomyocytes after total hyperthermia

Hyperthermia results in the suppression of intracellular regeneration in cardiomyocytes, manifested as intensified lysis and destruction of organelles, and leads to myocardial atrophy. Intracellular reorganization of cardiomyocytes is characterized by increases in the volume and surface density of myofibrils, sarcoplasmic reticulum, and T system. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 117, N ^o 1, pp. 96–100, January, 1994 Presented by V. A. Trufakin, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Estimating neuron dendritic length in 3D from total vertical projections and from vertical slices

The recently developed method of total vertical projections is illustrated to estimate the total dendritic length of a human Substantia Nigra neuron. Next, the length of the different orders of dendritic branches, and the mean segment length for each order - commonly regarded as important parameters in neuron physiology - are also estimated. Finally, it is shown how to estimate the mean dendritic length in a population of neurons from vertical slices of arbitrary and unknown thickness. Being unbiased and highly efficient, the proposed methods offer interesting alternatives to current procedures used for the metric analysis of neuron arborizations.     

ARTHROSCOPIC REMOVAL OF ACRYLIC CEMENT FROM UNREDUCED HIP PROSTHESIS

A case is reported in which entrapped polymethylmethacrylate following traumatic dislocation of a total hip replacement prevented complete reduction. A combined arthroscopic and fluoroscopic technique was used to remove the entrapped polymethylmethacrylate. Manipulation of the total hip prosthesis was done after removal of polymethylmethacrylate to minimize mechanical abrasion. This technique allows direct visual assessment of the articulating surfaces as well as the mechanical stability of the prosthesis. The morbidity related to the procedure is minimal and a short rehabilitation period is the major advantage.     

Diabetes prevalence in England, 2001--estimates from an epidemiological model.

AIMS: To estimate the total prevalence of diabetes mellitus (diagnosed and undiagnosed) at national, regional and local level in England to support health-care planning and delivery. METHODS: An epidemiological model was constructed by applying age-sex-ethnic-specific reference prevalence rates from epidemiological studies to resident populations (2001 census) of England at national, regional, and local authority/Primary Care Trust levels. RESULTS: Estimated prevalence of total diabetes for all persons in England was 4.41% in 2001, equating to 2 168 000 persons. Type 2 diabetes was estimated to affect 2 002 000 persons (92.3%) and Type 1 diabetes 166 000 persons (7.7%). Diabetes prevalence was estimated to be higher in women (5.17%) than men (3.61%). People from ethnic minority groups had higher crude prevalence than White Europeans (4.29, 5.69, 6.63 and 2.13% among White Europeans, Black African/Caribbeans, South Asians and 'other' groups, respectively). Prevalence increased sharply with age (0.33, 3.37 and 13.92%, respectively, in those aged 0-29, 30-59 and 60+ years). The model allows use of user-defined population denominator estimates to derive numbers and prevalence of people with diabetes for a given local population group, such as at ward or general practice level. CONCLUSIONS: Self-reported diabetes prevalence estimates from community surveys underestimate the true burden of diabetes. The model can be used to derive the expected total prevalence of diabetes in health areas that lack reliable data to facilitate the implementation of the National Service Framework for diabetes. It will also allow estimates of future diabetes prevalence to be derived, and can potentially be used for prevalence estimates in all of the UK.     

经腹胃癌全胃切除P形空肠代胃108例报告

目的 探讨胃癌全胃切除术后合理的消化道重建方式，提高病人生存质量。方法 108例胃癌病人经腹全胃切除后，食管．空肠行P形吻合，空肠．空肠行Roux-Y吻合，术后加强营养支持治疗。结果 本组无手术死亡病例，无食管空肠吻合口瘘等严重并发症发生，与经胸腹术相比，具有创伤小，恢复快，并发症少等特点。结论 经腹胃癌全胃切除P形空肠代胃术是一种安全、实用、疗效满意的手术方法．术后加强营养支持治疗．有益于病人顺利康复。     

Measurement of free and total hydroxyproline by automated flow injection of serum or urine samples from maintenance hemodialysis patients with renal osteodystrophy

An automated measurement of total and free hydroxyproline in serum or urine is presented that uses flow injection analysis. After exclusion of nonspecific substances, hydroxyproline was oxidized by chloramine- T and L-cysteine with Ehrlich's reagent. The linearity obtained was from 3.8μmole/ L to 1.22 mmole/L with good precision (CV <3%). Comparison of the proposed method with HPLC yielded r = 0.939 as the correlation coefficient. Reference intervals of free and total hydroxyproline are 1.4–9.7 μmole/L, 3.8–27.2 μmole/L for serum, and 10.0–72.5 μmole/L, 25.2–303.6 μmole/L for urine, respectively. Serum free and total hydroxyproline levels in renal osteodystrophy patients on maintenance hemodialysis (N = 71) were significantly higher than in controls (P<0.0001). This method is superior to the use of HPLC with regard to stability of the color reaction. The measurement of serum free and total hydroxyproline is a useful marker for therapeutic observation of renal osteodystrophy patients. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

愈银汤3号在治疗银屑病的临床应用

愈银汤3号存临床银屑病的治疗中作用确定，银屑病在临床中可分为寻常型、脓疱型、关节病型、红皮病型银屑病，其发病原因有很大的不同．在治疗中应辩证治疗。     

A "grapple hook" technique using a deflectable tip catheter to facilitate complex proximal circumflex interventions.

We present two patients with angulated, proximal left circumflex lesions, one a chronic total occlusion and one an acute subtotal occlusion. In both cases, use of the deflectable tip Venture Catheter (Velocimed, Minneapolis, MN) facilitated guide wire passage and successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) after prior attempts at guide wire passage with standard wires were unsuccessful.     

Day-to-day variations in serum iron,serum iron binding capacity,serum ferritin and erythrocyte protoporphyrin concentrations in anaemic subjects

Day-to-day variations in serum iron, serum iron binding capacity, serum ferritin and erythrocyte protoporphyrin were determined on 2 successive days in 48 patients with anaemia. The correlation coefficients between the paired determinations were 0.86, 0.89, 0.95 and 0.95, and the day-to-day coefficients of variation (in per cent) were 33, 11, 12 and 13 for serum iron, serum iron binding capacity, erythrocyte protoporphyrin and serum ferritin, respectively. Thus, in patients with anaemia, day-to-day variations in serum iron, serum iron binding capacity, erythrocyte protoporphyrin and serum ferritin are at least as high as in healthy controls. The results indicate important limitations in the use, particularly, of serum iron in the clinical investigation of anaemia.     

Serum Levels of Free Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF)-I in Normal Children

Serum levels of free insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I were measured by immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) in fasting sera of 137 normal boys and 120 normal girls aged from 8 to 15 yr to study relationships between free IGF-I levels and ages, total IGF-I, IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-1, IGFBP-3, and acid-labile subunit (ALS) levels. In both sexes, serum free IGF-I levels and the ratios of free IGF-I to total IGF-I were significantly higher in the pubertal age groups than in the prepubertal age groups. Serum levels of free IGF-I showed a significant positive correlation with those of total IGF-I, IGFBP-3 and ALS, while they showed a significant negative correlation with those of IGFBP-1. These observations suggest that increase in serum free IGF-I levels during puberty is caused by a dramatic increase in total IGF-I, rather than IGFBP-3, and a decrease in IGFBP-1. Also, high free IGF-I levels may play an important role in pubertal growth spurt.