Analysis of related factors affecting prognosis of shunt surgery in patients with secondary normal pressure hy- drocephalus

Objective： The management of se- condary normal pressure hydrocephalus （sNPH） is controversial. Many factors may affect the surgery effect. The purpose of this study was to identify the possible fac- tors influencing prognosis and provide theoretical basis for clinical treatment of sNPH. Methods： A retrospective study was carried out to investigate the results of 31 patients with sNPH who under- went ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery from January 2007 to December 2011. We processed the potential influencing factors by univariate analysis and the result further by mul- tivariate logistic regression analysis. Results： Factors including age, disease duration and Glasgow coma scale （GCS） score before surgery significantly influenced the prognosis of sNPH （P〈0.05）. Further logistic regression analysis showed that all the three factors are independent influencing factors. Conclusion： Age, disease duration and GCS score before surgery have positive predictive value in estimating favorable response to surgical treatment for sNPH.     

人类基础代谢率测量方法的研究进展

基础代谢率对于制定人群每日能量所需，科学指导膳食具有重要意义。目前基础代谢率有3种测量方法， 包括直接测热法、间接测热法和公式估算法。直接测热法难度较大不易实现，仅仅运用于某些特殊人群中；而间接 测热法和公式推测法是目前使用较多的两种方法。间接测热法准确性高，适用于有基础代谢测量需要的个体或公式 推测法的数据收集。公式推测法简便易行，适合大样本人群。     

Effect of estrogen on regression of vascular calcification in rats

Objective To investigate the effect of estrogen on regression of vascular calcification in rats induced by vitamin D3 plus nicotine. Methods Ninety?six female SD rats were divided randomly into control group (n=24) and calcification group (n=72). Vascular calcification of 72 rats was induced by vitamin D3 and nicotine (VDN). On the day 1, the VDN group rats were injected with vitamin D3(300 000 U/kg, i.m), and were intragastric administrated with nicotine (25 mg/kg), after 9 hours, another dosage of nicotine was given again. After 4 weeks, the VDN group rats were subdivided randomly into 4 groups: VDN group(n=16), Sham operation group (n=16), ovariotomy group (n=16), estrogen group(after ovariotomy, 17β ?estrogen was subcutaneously injected, 50 μg•kg-1•d-1, n=16). Results After 4 weeks，the VDN group showed obvious vascular calcification, and calcium content of the vessel wall was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.01). Extensive calcification was witnessed on the aortic tunica media of the VDN group. After 12 and 8 weeks, the calcium content of the vessel wall in each subdivided groups was significantly lower than that at 4 weeks point(P<0.01), and the lowest calcinm content was in estrogen group, meanwhile the reduction of previously accumulated arterial calcium precipitate in each group was different. Conclusions It is a reversible process that vascular calcification induced by vitamin D plus nicotine in rats. Estrogen can promote the regression of vascular calcification.     

Predicting cardiac autonomic neuropathy category for diabetic data with missing values

Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a serious and well known complication of diabetes. Previous articles circumvented the problem of missing values in CAN data by deleting all records and fields with missing values and applying classifiers trained on different sets of features that were complete. Most of them also added alternative features to compensate for the deleted ones. Here we introduce and investigate a new method for classifying CAN data with missing values. In contrast to all previous papers, our new method does not delete attributes with missing values, does not use classifiers, and does not add features. Instead it is based on regression and meta-regression combined with the Ewing formula for identifying the classes of CAN. This is the first article using the Ewing formula and regression to classify CAN. We carried out extensive experiments to determine the best combination of regression and meta-regression techniques for classifying CAN data with missing values. The best outcomes have been obtained by the additive regression meta-learner based on M5Rules and combined with the Ewing formula. It has achieved the best accuracy of 99.78% for two classes of CAN, and 98.98% for three classes of CAN. These outcomes are substantially better than previous results obtained in the literature by deleting all missing attributes and applying traditional classifiers to different sets of features without regression. Another advantage of our method is that it does not require practitioners to perform more tests collecting additional alternative features.     

A comparison between two powder compaction parameters of plasticity: The effective medium A parameter and the Heckel 1/K parameter

The purpose of the research was to introduce a procedure to derive a powder compression parameter (EM A) representing particle yield stress using an effective medium equation and to compare the EM A parameter with the Heckel compression parameter (1/K).     

长治市小学生道路交通安全问题现况调查

目的 调查分析长治市小学生道路交通安全知识、态度、行为状况,及家庭、学校、社会等因素对其的影响,为有针对性地开展交通伤害预防和控制工作提供依据.方法 采用整群随机抽样的方法,在长治市随机抽取11所小学,每所学校的四至六年级各随机抽取一个班,利用统一问卷进行调查.结果 小学生道路交通安全知识得分P50为80分,小学生道路交通安全行为得分P50为94分.家长平日里是否教学生安全知识与学生交通安全知识得分有关;家长交通行为与学生交通行为有关.多因素Logistic回归分析提示:除学生行为得分(OR =2.046,95％ CI:1.518 ～2.759)外,父母自身的交通行为对发生车祸的影响最为显著.结论 长治市小学生道路交通安全问题严峻,家长责任重大.     

Rathke’s cleft cyst: A case report of recurrence and spontaneous involution

Rathke’s cleft cysts (RCC) are sellar lesions that typically remain asymptomatic throughout life. Symptomatic patients present with headache, visual disturbance and/or pituitary dysfunction and are treated with resection. We present a 61-year-old woman diagnosed with RCC which was resected twice then recurred before undergoing spontaneous resolution. RCC are often managed without surgical intervention. Some of these lesions may spontaneously resolve without surgical intervention while others may become symptomatic. In patients with asymptomatic recurrent RCC conservative management is recommended. Spontaneous involution may occur following initial resection and recurrence of RCC.     

Regression models for DNA-mixtures

This paper deals with the statistical interpretation of DNA mixture evidence. The conventional methods used in forensic casework today use something like 16 STR-markers. Power can be increased by rather using SNP-markers. New statistical methods are then needed, and we present a regression framework. The basic idea is that the traditional forensic hypotheses, commonly denoted H_D and H_P, are replaced by parametric versions: a person contributes to a mixture if and only if the fraction he contributes is greater than 0. This contributed fraction is a parameter of the regression model. The regression model uses the peak heights directly and there is no need to specify or estimate the number of contributors to the mixture. Also, drop-in and drop-out pose no principal problems.Data from 25 controlled blinded experiments were used to test the model. The number of contributors varied between 2 and 5, and the fractions contributed ranged from 0.01 to 0.99. The fractions were accurately estimated by the regression analyses. There were no false positives (i.e., in no cases were non-contributors declared to contributors). Some false negatives occurred for fractions of 0.1 or lower. Simulations were performed to test the model further. The analyses show that useful estimates can be obtained from a relatively small number of SNP-markers. Reasonable results are achieved using 300 markers which is close to the 313 SNPs in the controlled experiment. Increasing the number of SNPs, the analyses demonstrate that individuals contributing as little as 1% can reliably be detected, which suggests that cases beyond the reach of conventional forensic methods today can be reported.     

Organisasjon og målsettinger: Refleksjoner omkring en personal-undersøkelse

Psykofarmaka: Odd Lingjaerde Tano: Oslo 1988. 1b. 572 s. N. kr. 448,-. 3. ut-gave.

Alice Miller slår til igjen

A. Der Gemiedene Schliissel: Alice Miller Suhrkamp Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1988, ISBN 3-518-02226-1.

B. Das Verbannte Wissen: Alice Miller Suhrkamp Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1988. ISBN 3-518-02227-X.

My work with borderline-patients: Harold F. Searles Forlag Jason Aronson, Inc., Northvale, New Jersey, London. 1986.