Orofacial manifestations in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases

The main orofacial manifestation of the inflammatory rheumatic diseases is that of Sjögren's syndrome. In addition, there is a constellation of orofacial manifestations of the inflammatory rheumatic diseases, many of which are extra-articular with some constituting presenting signs of the underlying rheumatic disease. This review will discuss the orofacial manifestations in a variety of connective tissue diseases and will also allude to the oral adverse drug reactions that may occur as a consequence of therapy.     

导尿管相关性尿路感染的病原菌分布及耐药性

目的 了解医院导尿管相关性尿路感染的病原菌分布及耐药特征,为临床医师合理使用抗菌药物提供参考依据.方法 严格按照《全国临床检验操作规程》,采集患者的尿液进行细菌培养与鉴定;采用CLSI推荐的K- B法进行药敏试验.结果 159株尿路感染病原菌以大肠埃希菌为主,占38.4％,铜绿假单胞菌第2位,占13.2％,凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌第3位,占12.6％;所有病原菌对常用抗菌药物均产生了不同的耐药性.结论 临床医师应重视病原学监测,按照药敏试验结果规范用药,才能有效控制导尿管相关性尿路感染,提高临床治愈率.     

老年泌尿感染病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的：讨论研究老年泌尿感染病的病原菌分布情况及其耐药性。方法整群选取3043例次清洁中段的尿标本送检,采用VITEK-60微生物鉴定系统进行药敏实验和鉴定菌株。结果样本结果分析显示,其培养阳性率为39.9%,分离真菌<占28.7%,其中革兰阳性菌占19.4%,主要包括屎肠球菌、粪肠球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌;革兰阴性菌占52.0%,主要包括大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、肠杆菌科;分离株耐药程度也较高。结论对引发疾病的病原菌及相关药物的特点进行分析有助于临床更好的选择针对性药物抑制病原菌繁殖,控制病情进一步发展并改善预后具有重要意义。     

Arthritis associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae in a pediatric patient: A case report

Introduction:Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection in infants is usually overlooked and it might result in important complications if left untreated. MP-induced arthritis is probably the least common extrapulmonary manifestation and frequently leads to delays in the diagnosis.Patient concerns:We report the case of a 2-year-old female child admitted in our clinic for prolonged fever (onset 2 weeks before the admission), for which the general practitioner established the diagnosis of acute pharyngitis and recommended antibiotics. But the fever persisted and the patient was referred to a pediatrician.Diagnosis:The laboratory tests revealed leukocytosis with neutrophilia, elevated C-reactive protein and liver cytolysis. The blood and urine cultures, as well as the serological hepatitis B and C, toxoplasmosis, Epstein Barr virus, Rubella, Herpes virus, and cytomegalovirus were negative. The chest X-ray established the diagnosis of pneumonia. The fever persisted for approximately 2 weeks after admission. On the 2nd week of admission, the patient began to experience gait difficulties complaining of pain in the right hip and ankle. The cardiology and pneumology consults revealed no pathological findings. The evolution was favorable after the initiation of Levofloxacin and MP infection was detected as we suspected. Moreover, the ultrasound of the hip revealed a mild joint effusion, while the ankle joint appeared to be normal at ultrasound. Thus, we established the diagnosis of hip and ankle arthritis based on the clinical and ultrasound findings.Interventions:Levofloxacin by vein was continued for 5 days, replaced afterwards with clarithromycin orally for 2 weeks.Outcomes:The gait difficulties persisted for approximately 5 months from the initial diagnosis, and improved once the titer of immunoglobulin M anti-MP antibodies lowered considerably. After more than 8 months, the patient was completely asymptomatic and the immunoglobulin M anti-MP was close to the normal range.Conclusion:The awareness of MP-induced arthritis in children represents the cornerstone in preventing diagnostic delays and initiating the proper treatment.     

313例尿培养病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的分析313例清洁中段尿培养菌株构成及耐药性分析,为医师合理规范使用抗生素提供依据。方法对医院2012年6月~2013年5月住院泌尿系感染患者尿培养分离出的313株病原菌用法国梅里埃公司VITEK 2 COMPACT全自动微生物鉴定药敏检测系统仪进行鉴定和药敏试验。结果共培养1804份中段尿标本,分离出313例病原微生物,阳性率17.35%。其中革兰阴性杆菌、革兰阳性球菌、真菌、革兰阳性杆菌分别占65.50%、19.81%、7.35%、7.35%。大肠埃希菌仍是泌尿系感染的主要致病菌,其次为肺炎克雷伯杆菌、阴沟肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、奇异变形菌;其中产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)大肠埃希菌占大肠埃希菌41.94%;而在革兰阳性菌中以肠球菌属为主。检出耐亚胺培南的肺炎克雷伯菌1株,耐碳青霉烯类阴沟肠杆菌2株,耐万古霉素屎肠球菌1例。结论泌尿系感染常见病原菌仍为大肠埃希菌,临床应根据尿培养及药敏试验结果有针对性筛选敏感药物进行治疗。     

论《伤寒论》的保胃气思想及其临床意义

中医辨证论治之鼻祖的《伤寒论》始终贯穿着保胃气的思想,十分重视脾胃在人体发病和辨证论治中的作用,顾护脾胃的思想和保胃气之秘旨贯穿于《伤寒论》六经辨证论治体系和杂病辨证论治体系通篇。从承前启后重视脾胃,六经发病重在脾胃,六经传变脾胃为枢,治疗原则无犯胃气,立法处方法重脾胃,调理脾胃寒热虚实,提出治禁源于护胃,煎服调护顾护脾胃,预后吉凶胃气为本,病瘥调理继培后天等10个方面进行论述。     

2011-2013年临床血培养病原菌的分布及耐药性变迁

目的 了解福建医科大学附属第一医院血液培养标本中病原菌分布及耐药性变化规律.方法 回顾性分析2011年至2013年从32779份血培养标本中分离的3098例阳性标本中病原菌种类及其药敏检测结果.结果 病原菌血培养阳性率为9.45％(3098/32779),居前5位的是大肠埃希菌(20.92％,648/3098)、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(16.59％,514/3098)、肺炎克雷伯菌(11.14％,345/3098)、金黄色葡萄球菌(6.23％,193/3098)和鲍曼不动杆菌(6.10％,189/3098).但从2013年开始出现对碳青霉烯类药物耐药的肺炎克雷伯菌菌株,其对亚胺培南和美罗培南的耐药率分别为3.18％和3.16％;凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌尚未发现对万古霉素耐药.结论 血培养分离的细菌菌种呈多样化,大肠埃希菌仍然是血流感染的首要致病菌,且其耐药率有上升趋势;凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌和肺炎克雷伯菌的分离率有所增加.应继续开展病原菌分布及其耐药性监测,用于指导临床医生合理使用抗生素.     

云南省儿童恙虫病50例临床特征分析

目的了解儿童恙虫病的临床特征,避免漏诊和误诊。方法回顾性分析2018年1月—2019年12月,在昆明市儿童医院住院的50例恙虫病患儿的流行病学资料、临床表现及辅助检查结果。结果50例恙虫病患儿中,男29例、女21例,年龄10个月~13岁,平均年龄5.73岁、年龄中位数5岁;发病月份集中在6—11月,78.0%的患儿在7—9月发病;病例来源于云南省14个地(州、市),均有发热症状;96.0%的患儿来自农村,所有患儿均有草地游玩史,94.0%的有焦痂;患儿存在多脏器损害,其中肝功能损伤41例(82.0%)、呼吸系统受累22例(44.0%)、神经系统受累18例(53.0%)和血液系统受累(血细胞下降、低纤维蛋白血症)46例(92.0%)。结论临床上发现儿童持续反复发热、表现多样和多脏器损害症状应警惕恙虫病,及时询问其流行病学史、仔细查体寻找焦痂、完善相关检查,避免漏诊和误诊。     

某院尿路感染病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的研究尿路感染病原菌的分布及其耐药性,为临床使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法收集2011年1月至2014年6月尿培养阳性菌株,应用M icro Scan Walk Aw ay40细菌鉴定及药敏分析系统对分离菌进行鉴定及药敏测定,根据CLSI 2014版标准判断药敏结果,用WHONET 5.6软件进行数据分析。结果共分离出2 028株病原菌,革兰阴性杆菌占65.3%,革兰阳性球菌占22.1%,真菌占12.6%。革兰阴性杆菌对亚胺培南、美洛培南、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦较敏感。屎肠球菌对所测试抗菌药物耐药率显著高于其他肠球菌,未发现耐万古霉素、利奈唑胺的革兰阳性球菌。结论尿路感染病原菌分布广泛,仍以革兰阴性杆菌为主,细菌耐药谱有较大差异,建议临床医生根据病原学监测资料有针对性地选择抗菌药物。