C型臂引导下关节腔冲洗联合臭氧注射治疗膝关节骨性关节炎疗效观察

目的比较在C型臂引导下单纯膝关节腔冲洗和关节腔冲洗联合臭氧注射治疗膝关节骨性关节炎的临床疗效。方法137例单侧膝关节骨性关节炎患者，完全随机分为单纯关节腔冲洗组（67例）及关节腔冲洗联合臭氧注射组（70例）。单纯关节腔冲洗组每周大量生理盐水＋庆大霉素冲洗1次，关节腔冲洗联合臭氧组每周大量生理盐水＋庆大霉素冲洗加臭氧注射1次，2组连续3次为1个疗程。结果1个疗程后，单纯关节腔冲洗组患者：疗效优27例，良23例，可14例，差3例，优良率为74．6％（50／67）；关节腔冲洗联合臭氧组患者：疗效优35例，良25例，可9例，差1例，优良率为85．7％（60／70），2组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。单纯关节腔冲洗组：术后1、2、3个月优良率分别为71．6％（48／67）、68．7％（46／67）、61．2％（41／67）；关节腔冲洗联合臭氧注射组术后1、2、3个月优良率分别为84．2％（59／70）、81．4％（57／70）、80．0％（56／70）；2组各时段比较差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0．05）。2组患者在术中及术后均未见明显不良反应。结论单纯关节腔冲洗和关节腔冲洗联合臭氧注射均能有效治疗膝关节骨性关节炎，但关节腔冲洗联合臭氧注射相对于单纯关节腔冲洗治疗膝关节骨性关节炎，中远期疗效佳，值得临床推广。     

Validation and utilisation of a digital version of the survey instrument for natural history,Aetiology and Prevalence of Patellofemoral pain studies (eSNAPPS)

ObjectiveThis study validated the newly adapted electronic SNAPPS (eSNAPPS) against the original paper SNAPPS. Subsequently, the study estimated the prevalence of PFP in running participants and spectators attending three mass-participant running events in the United Kingdom by using the eSNAPPS tool.DesignThis study had two parts. Firstly, a validation of the original paper version of the SNAPPS tool. Secondly, if validation was achieved, eSNAPPS was used in a prevalence study.ParticipantsA convenience sample of running participants and spectators aged 18–40 years attending the mass participation running events.Main outcome measureThe 12-month prevalence of PFP.Results: eSNAPPS was valid in identifying those with PFP (ICC 0.99 for Overall agreement, p < 0.0001). In the prevalence study, a total of 1080 running participants and spectators completed the eSNAPPS. The overall prevalence of PFP was 17.4% (95%CI: 15.2%, 19.8%); 20.5% of males (16.5, 24.9) and 15.7% of females (13.1, 18.7) had PFP. Prevalence was 17.4% (15.2, 19.8) in spectators and 16.7% in running participants (14.5, 19.0).ConclusionThe overall PFP prevalence in this study was slightly smaller than those previously reported in the literature. Findings also show that there were similar prevalence estimates in spectators and running participants.     

Treating knee osteoarthritis with intra-articular hyaluronans

ABSTRACT

Objective: Intra-articular hyaluronan (HA) or hylan is approved for the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) knee pain. The authors review here published evidence of efficacy and safety of intra-articular HA for the treatment of knee pain. Since the systemic safety of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and cyclo-oxygenase (COX-2) inhibitors for OA knee treatment are a current concern, the authors also offer recommendations for repositioning HA in the OA treatment paradigm.

Methods: Relevant HA literature was identified by searching MEDLINE and EMBASE from their inception to April 2008 using the search words hyaluronan, hyaluronic acid, sodium hyaluronate, and hylan G-F 20, with knee and OA. Data from randomized, placebo-controlled trials were reviewed and summarized in this article. While not a systematic review, this article reviews the best available evidence for the use of HA to treat knee OA.

Results: For the most part, patients in the reviewed studies were adults over the age of 40 with mild to severe symptomatic OA of the knee. Reviewed studies demonstrated significant improvements in pain and physical function with HA or sodium hyaluronate and hylan G-F 20. HA or hylan products were most effective between 5 and 13 weeks after injection with improvements also observed at 14–26 weeks or sometimes longer, and were well tolerated with a low incidence of adverse events. HA also provides beneficial treatment effects when administered in conjunction with other therapies.

Conclusions: Intra-articular HA or hylan has proven to be an effective, safe, and tolerable treatment for symptomatic knee OA. In an effort to limit cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and renal safety concerns with COX-2 selective and nonselective NSAIDs and maximize HA efficacy, the authors proposed using HA earlier in the treatment paradigm for knee OA and also as part of a comprehensive treatment strategy.     

Mentha spicata as natural analgesia for treatment of pain in osteoarthritis patients

Osteoarthritis, as the major cause of chronic musculoskeletal pain, impacts people aged 45 and above. The first line analgesic treatments have reported minimal short term effects. The use of essential oils as pain killer has increased, recently. Mentha spicata, or spearmint essential oil is famous due to its anti-flatulence effects, but one less known biological activity of spearmint is its analgesic activity. The aim of our study was to confirm the analgesic effects of M. spicata essential oil. In this review, we evaluated the articles on analgesic activities of M. spicata essential oil from different relevant databases (PubMed, Science Direct, Wiley, Taylor & Francis, and Springer) without limitation up to April 30, 2016. Different animal studies have reported the analgesic effects of M. spicata essential oil and its main abundant compounds such as carvone, limonene and menthol, also, the efficacy and safety of spearmint oil in reducing of pain severity were confirmed in osteoarthritis patients. In spite of the beneficial effects of spearmint oil in reducing of pain, other large clinical trials are required to confirm the efficacy and safety of M. spicata oil.