血浆溶血磷脂酸在卵巢上皮性癌诊断中的应用初探

目的探讨血浆溶血磷脂酸水平在卵巢上皮性癌诊断中的价值。方法 选择31卵巢上皮性癌、22例卵巢良性上皮性肿物和24例内膜异位囊肿患者作为研究对象,测定其血浆溶血磷脂酸及CA125水平,分别计算并比较其诊断卵巢癌的敏感性及特异性。结果 卵巢癌组血浆溶血磷脂酸值(6±2.4)μmol/L及CA125值(275.8±191.7)U/mL明显高于非癌组(分别为2.4±1.6μmol/L与51.0±44.2U/mL)(P<0.01)。血浆溶血磷脂酸诊断卵巢癌的敏感性及特异性分别为93.5％与71.7％,且特异性明显高于CA125(39.1％,P=0.002)。结论血浆溶血磷脂酸用于诊断卵巢癌具有良好的敏感性和特异性,可能具有潜在的诊断价值。     

糖皮质激素对人卵巢癌HO-8910细胞TβR-Ⅱ的上调作用

目的：研究转化生长因子－β1（TGF-β1）通路，是否参与人工合成的糖皮质激素地塞米松（Dex）对人卵巢癌细胞系HO－8910的增殖抑制过程。方法：分别采用细胞计数和流式细胞分析方法检测细胞增殖和细胞周期分布；采用定量RT－PCR，酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）和（或）免疫细胞化学法，检测TGF－β1及其I型受体（TβR-I）和Ⅱ型受体（TβR－Ⅱ）的表达水平。结果：Dex可引起HO－8910细胞周期G0／G1期进展停滞，并可明显上调TβR－ⅡmRNA的表达，且具有浓度依赖性特点，Dex作用HO－8910细胞8h时作用最强，此时10^-7mol/L Dex组TβR－ⅡmRNA水平比对照组高1．4倍（P＜0．01）；相应地，TβR－Ⅱ的蛋白表达水平也增高，糖皮质激素受体（GR）阻断剂RU486能够逆转这些作用，而Dex对TGF－β1和TβR－ImRNA的表达无调节作用。结论：Dex抑制HO－8910细胞增殖的机制可能包括上调TβR－Ⅱ的表达，该作用是由GR介导的。     

上皮性卵巢癌中nm23-H1基因突变

目的　本文研究nm2 3 H1基因在上皮性卵巢肿瘤中的突变情况 ,以期寻找监测卵巢癌转移并能指导治疗的指标。方法　利用非同位素PCR SSCP技术研究nm2 3 H1基因的 5个外显子的突变情况。结果　正常卵巢、良性卵巢癌及交界性瘤均未发现突变 ,卵巢癌突变率显著增高。低分化程度卵巢癌突变率高于高、中分化程度的卵巢癌。浆液性卵巢癌nm2 3 H1基因突变率高于其他组织学类型。Ⅲ、Ⅳ期卵巢癌突变率高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ期卵巢癌。发生淋巴结转移的卵巢癌突变率高于无淋巴结转移的卵巢癌。结果　nm2 3 H1基因突变容易发生于分化程度较低、有淋巴结转移的晚期卵巢癌病例中。     

用蛋白质芯片联合检测卵巢癌患者血清的肿瘤标志物

 目的　应用蛋白质芯片联合检测卵巢癌患者血清中肿瘤标志物CA12 5、CEA、CA15 3和CA2 4 2。方法　将血清与蛋白质芯片在 37℃反应 30min ,再依次与反应液、检测液孵育 ,用生物芯片检测仪读取AFP、铁蛋白和CEA反应点。结果　卵巢癌患者的蛋白质芯片检测阳性率为 90 % ,显著高于正常对照、疾病对照组。蛋白质芯片的反应强度与血清标本中CA12 5、CEA、CA15 3含量具有较好的相关性。结论　采用蛋白质芯片联合检测多种肿瘤标志物 ,有助于提高肿瘤诊断的灵敏性。     

Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and E-Cadherin in Human Ovarian Cancer: Association with Ascites Fluid Accumulation and Peritoneal Dissemination in Mouse Ascites Model

Ascites formation and peritoneal dissemination are critical problems in patients with advanced ovarian cancer. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), also known as angiogenic growth factor, is a potent mediator of peritoneal fluid accumulation and angiogenesis of tumors. E-Cadherin is an adhesion molecule that is important for cell-to-cell interaction. To elucidate the molecular mechanism of ascites formation and peritoneal dissemination of ovarian cancer, we examined the expression of VEGF and E-cadherin in different ovarian cancer cell lines and utilized nude mice to compare the biological characteristics of ovarian cancer cells. Three human ovarian cancer cell lines (AMOC-2, HNOA and HTBOA) were used in this study. Expression of genes was analyzed by northern blotting and RT-PCR methods. AMOC-2 expressed E-cadherin, but not VEGF. HNOA expressed VEGF without E-cadherin expression. HTBOA expressed both VEGF and E-cadherin. Each human ovarian cancer model revealed a specific feature. The AMOC-2 mouse had a single large peritoneal tumor without ascites or remarkable peritoneal dissemination. HTBOA and HNOA mice had bloody ascites and marked peritoneal dissemination. Introduction of VEGF antisense into HTBOA cells could inhibit the ascites formation. It is suggested that VEGF is important for the ascites formation via the increased vascular permeability effect. The deregulation of E-cadherin expression might be involved in the peritoneal dissemination. These molecules are important for the formation of specific features of advanced ovarian cancer. Ovarian cancer cell lines that had different gene expression patterns produced nude mouse human ovarian cancer models with different characteristics.     

Comprehesive analysis on the histological classifications in 42 197 cases of ovarian tumors in China

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小儿先天性胆总管囊肿52例回顾

本文对１９８９年至１９９９年５２例手术治疗的小儿先天性胆总管囊肿进行回顾性研究。以了解其病情特点,手术时机和手术方式的选择。结果近年来因小儿先天性胆总管囊肿就诊早,其临床表现越来越不典型,Ｂ超可作为诊断小儿先天性胆总管囊肿的首选方法。胆总管囊肿切除术是唯一的根治方法,胆道重建的方式应因具体情况而定。小儿重症胆总管囊肿病人行Ｂ超引导下囊肿穿刺置管外引流术是一种较好的方法。术中于胆肠吻合口置支撑外引流     

Unusual facet cyst containing struvite and hydroxyapatite

This case report describes a patient with severe back pain and radiculopathy. She was found to have a facet cyst within the lumbar spine that appeared to contain calcium on MRI and CT. Upon aspiration the cyst was found to contain calcium ammonium phosphate (struvite) and calcium phosphate (hydroxyapatite). Ammonia production in the presence of urease-producing bacteria is responsible for the production of struvite in the human body. We postulate that there was a prior infection of the facet with urease-producing bacteria, thus accounting for the production of the struvite within the facet cyst. Received: 29 June 2000 Revision requested: 18 August 2000 Revision received: 27 September 2000 Accepted: 27 September 2000     

Tomatoes, Pap smears, and tea? Adopting behaviors that may prevent reproductive cancers and improve health

Women who adopt healthy lifestyles and practice preventive healthy behaviors can reduce the risks of some cancers and other diseases, such as heart disease and sexually transmitted infections. Risk factors associated with the most common gynecologic cancers and breast cancer are identified, diagnostic and screening alternatives are described, and preventive health practices and information to include when counseling women about making healthy choices are suggested.     

Caring for women living with ovarian cancer: recommendations for advanced practice nurses

This article summarizes advice for advanced practice nurses (APNs) that grew out of research with women living with premenopausal ovarian cancer. We claim that the process of diagnosis and being told, battle metaphors, treatment expectations, the patient's sense of normalcy, her sense of being heard, her ability to make sense of her new world, her inability to have children, issues of sexuality, and the irrelevance of most support groups are important considerations in the treatment of such women. The APN's major role in caring for these women is understanding the experience as it informs the APN's practice and serving as advocates for the women.