氢化物发生-原子荧光法测定蜂胶中的总砷

目的建立保健食品蜂胶中总砷的分析方法。方法采用微波消解法对蜂胶样品进行前处理,氢化物发生-原子荧光法进行测定。结果测定总砷的线性范围为0~90μg/L,相关系数为0.999 5,方法回收率为96.6%~101.7%,RSD为1.08%。结论实验表明,本法准确灵敏,简便高效,适用于蜂胶中总砷的测定。     

微波消融与腹腔镜肝切除术治疗肝血管瘤的临床疗效比较

目的:比较微波消融与腹腔镜肝切除术治疗肝血管瘤的临床疗效。方法:回顾分析2009年1月至2012年12月收治的101例肝血管瘤患者的临床资料,根据病灶位置按治疗方式分为微波消融组(n=78,其中局部麻醉B超引导下穿刺定位微波消融术51例,全麻后腹腔镜直视下微波消融术27例)与腹腔镜组(n=23),对比两组患者术中、术后及随访情况。结果:微波消融组与腹腔镜组术中出血量平均(21.0±8.2)ml与(330.0±217.5)ml,手术时间平均(37.2±12.8)min与(182.6±90.2)min,两组差异有统计学意义(t=12.67、13.93,P<0.05);平均输血率分别为0(0/78)与13%(3/23),差异有统计学意义(χ2=10.485,P<0.05);术后第1天,AST、ALT平均(341.0±74.5)U/L、(284.0±85.3)U/L与(276.0±102.3)U/L、(219.0±75.8)U/L;术后12 h、24 h、48 h疼痛评分两组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);住院总费用平均(2.9±0.6)万元与(2.2±0.5)万元,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后第3天AST、ALT恢复、术后住院时间及并发症发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。随访1~2年,瘤体血供完全消失率为83.3%(65/78),腹腔镜组均未见复发。结论:微波消融与腹腔镜肝切除术治疗肝血管瘤均是安全、有效及微创的治疗方法,应根据患者全身状况、肿瘤大小与位置等因素综合考虑,以选择合理的手术方式。     

医院专用刷卡与投币式微波炉设计原理及应用

目的：介绍医院专用刷卡或投币微波炉电子线路的设计原理,了解和掌握其工作原理及使用方法。方法：采用现有的微波炉进行电路改造,再与刷卡器和投币器相结合,使用单片机对其进行控制,实现微波炉的刷卡与投币功能。结果：刷卡与投币式微波炉能够根据预定的模式实现IC卡刷卡或投币使用,在其实际使用中能够做到可控制、可管理。结论：医院对于微波炉的制度化、智能化管理,可促进其延长使用寿命,改进后的刷卡与投币式微波炉值得在各级医院推广使用。     

微波消融与传统开放手术治疗甲状腺微小乳头状癌的安全性及近期疗效Meta分析

目的运用Meta分析系统评价微波消融和传统开放手术治疗甲状腺微小乳头状癌的疗效及安全性。 方法确定检索策略、文献的纳入与筛选原则,分别检索Pubmed（Medline）、Cochrane Library、中国生物医学文献数据库（Sinomed）、中国知网（CNKI）、万方数据库中关于微波消融治疗甲状腺微小乳头状癌的随机对照研究,实验组为微波消融法治疗,对照组为传统开放手术治疗。检索时间跨度为2017年4月至2020年4月。运用RevMan 5.3统计软件进行Meta分析。 结果纳入研究文献10篇,研究对象1 307人,其中试验组669人,对照组638人。结果显示微波消融组和传统开放手术组的手术情况、术后并发症发生率、甲状腺激素水平和炎症因子水平的差异均具有统计学意义。相比之下,微波消融在以上方面的优势均较明显,肿瘤体积变化也非常明显。 结论微波消融法在治疗微小甲状腺乳头状癌方面具有手术创伤小、恢复快、美观度高、手术并发症少等特点,但是该10项研究均为近3年研究,随访时间短,其远期效果还有待未来大样本、长期随访的RCT研究来证实。     

局限性人工腹水在临近胃肠管肝肿瘤消融中的应用

目的探讨CT引导下局限性人工腹水辅助在经皮微波消融治疗临近肠管肝肿瘤的有效性和安全性。 方法我院2015年至2019年中对48例临近肠管肝肿瘤病灶行CT引导下人工腹水辅助下微波消融术。对局限性人工腹水技术成功率、微波消融局部复发率、手术并发症等进行评估。 结果48例患者中47例成功行局限性人工腹水,28例患者之前有外科手术史,1例因局部粘连未能成功行局限人工腹水。47例患者均成功行微波消融术,1例术后腹腔少量出血,术后1月复查均完全消融。 结论局限性人工腹水辅助微波消融治疗临近胃肠道肝肿瘤病灶是一种安全、有效的治疗方法。     

Evaluation of Efficacy of Microwave Irradiation in Disinfecting Dental Gypsum Casts: An Ex Vivo Study

The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of microwave irradiation in disinfecting gypsum casts and also to compare its efficacy with validated method of chemical disinfection. The present study is an ex vivo study conducted on a sample of five irreversible hydrocolloid impressions in vitro and on ten patients gypsum casts in vivo following standard impression techniques to check the efficacy of microwave oven irradiation and compare its efficacy with standard chemical method of disinfection. Results were analysed using Mann–Whitney test and Wilcoxon signed rank test. Untreated gypsum casts showed cfu/ml counts with a median log value of 6, while microwave-irradiated ones had median cfu/ml counts of 0. Casts poured from chemically disinfected impressions demonstrated cfu/ml counts with a median log value of 5. Microwave irradiation was found to be effective in disinfecting gypsum casts when compared to chemical disinfectant in disinfecting dental impressions.     

超声引导下微波消融与无水乙醇硬化联合治疗甲状腺囊实性结节的临床研究

目的探讨超声引导下微波消融与无水乙醇硬化联合治疗甲状腺囊实性结节的有效性和安全性。方法选取51例甲状腺囊实性结节患者。测量术中(囊液抽尽后)及术后1、3、6、12个月结节体积大小,观察术前及术后1、3、6、12个月甲状腺功能指标,观察术中、术后并发症情况。结果本研究51例患者共51个甲状腺囊实性结节均一次性完全消融。治疗后3、6、12个月结节体积逐渐减小,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);体积缩小率逐渐增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1、3、6、12个月甲状腺功能均正常。无1例患者复发。无严重并发症发生。结论微波消融与无水乙醇硬化二者联合治疗甲状腺囊实性结节,手术时间较短,并发症较少,是一种安全有效的治疗方法。     

同时性结直肠癌肝转移瘤消融治疗后辅助化疗起始时间对患者预后的影响

目的本研究以探究微波消融（MWA）治疗后辅助化疗（AC）起始时间对同时性结直肠癌肝转移瘤（CRLM）患者肝内无复发生存（RFS）及肝损害的影响。 方法回顾性分析2013年10月至2019年1月在中山大学附属第六医院确诊为同时性CRLM且行超声引导下经皮MWA治疗联合AC治疗的患者。本研究共纳入患者144例,其中G1组98例,G2组46例。中位肝内RFS为22.2个月。根据MWA术后AC开始时间,将患者分为≤4周（G1）和4~8周（G2）2组。比较G1组和G2组消融后及第1次AC前后血清丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）水平的变化。采用Kaplan-Meier法和Log-rank检验计算并比较两组患者的肝内RFS。采用Cox比例风险模型对肝内RFS的危险因素进行单因素和多因素回归分析。 结果G1组肝内RFS较G2组显著延长（中位肝内RFS,40.6个月 vs 12.6个月,Log-rank P=0.007）。采用Cox比例风险模型分析结果发现,辅助化疗开始时间间隔为4~8周（HR=1.917,95%CI：1.104~3.327,P=0.021）和肝转移瘤个数（HR=1.292,95%CI：1.096~1.524,P=0.002）是肝内RFS时间短的独立影响因素。G1组和G2组第1次AC前、后ALT、AST水平,差异均无统计学意义（P均>0.05）。 结论对于同时性CRLM患者,在MWA治疗后早期开始AC（≤4周）有助于延长术后肝内RFS时间。     

Impairment of long-term potentiation induction is essential for the disruption of spatial memory after microwave exposure

Abstract

Purpose: To assess the impact of microwave exposure on learning and memory and to explore the underlying mechanisms.

Materials and methods: 100 Wistar rats were exposed to a 2.856 GHz pulsed microwave field at average power densities of 0 mW/cm², 5 mW/cm², 10 mW/cm² and 50 mW/cm² for 6 min. The spatial memory was assessed by the Morris Water Maze (MWM) task. An in vivo study was conducted soon after microwave exposure to evaluate the changes of population spike (PS) amplitudes of long-term potentiation (LTP) in the medial perforant path (MPP)-dentate gyrus (DG) pathway. The structure of the hippocampus was observed by the light microscopy and the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) at 7 d after microwave exposure.

Results: Our results showed that the rats exposed in 10 mW/cm² and 50 mW/cm² microwave displayed significant deficits in spatial learning and memory at 6 h, 1 d and 3 d after exposure. Decreased PS amplitudes were also found after 10 mW/cm² and 50 mW/cm² microwave exposure. In addition, varying degrees of degeneration of hippocampal neurons, decreased synaptic vesicles and blurred synaptic clefts were observed in the rats exposed in 10 mW/cm² and 50 mW/cm² microwave. Compared with the sham group, the rats exposed in 5 mW/cm² microwave showed no difference in the above experiments.

Conclusions: This study suggested that impairment of LTP induction and the damages of hippocampal structure, especially changes of synapses, might contribute to cognitive impairment after microwave exposure.     

Increased Radioresistance to Lethal Doses of Gamma Rays in Mice and Rats after Exposure to Microwave Radiation Emitted by a GSM Mobile Phone Simulator

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pre-irradiation with microwaves on the induction of radioadaptive response. In the 1^st phase of the study, 110 male mice were divided into 8 groups. The animals in these groups were exposed/sham-exposed to microwave, low dose rate gamma or both for 5 days. On day six, the animals were exposed to a lethal dose (LD). In the 2^nd phase, 30 male rats were divided into 2 groups of 15 animals. The 1^st group received microwave exposure. The 2^nd group (controls) received the same LD but there was no treatment before the LD. On day 5, all animals were whole-body irradiated with the LD. Statistically significant differences between the survival rate of the mice only exposed to lethal dose of gamma radiation before irradiation with a lethal dose of gamma radiation with those of the animals pre-exposed to either microwave (p=0.02), low dose rate gamma (p=0.001) or both of these physical adapting doses (p=0.003) were observed. Likewise, a statistically significant difference between survival rates of the rats in control and test groups was observed. Altogether, these experiments showed that exposure to microwave radiation may induce a significant survival adaptive response.