Enhanced immune response to foot-and-mouth disease vaccine by oral administration of ginseng stem-leaf saponins

Vaccination is an important approach to the control of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). This study evaluated the effect of oral administration of ginseng stem–leaf saponins (GSLS) on the immune response to FMD vaccine and the gut mucosal immunity in mice. In experiment 1, mice were orally administered GSLS or not treated as a control. The animals were then immunized twice with FMD vaccine. Blood was sampled weekly within five weeks after the boost immunization for measurement of serum IgG and the isotypes. In experiment 2, mice were orally administrated GSLS or not treated as a control. After that, splenocytes were prepared from sacrificed mice for lymphocyte proliferation assay and intestinal tissues were sampled for immunohistochemistry and histological examination. The results showed that oral administration of GSLS significantly enhanced serum IgG and the isotype responses to FMD vaccine as well as the number of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) and immunoglobulin A (IgA)+?cells. Therefore, GSLS may be a potent oral adjuvant and deserve further study to improve vaccination in susceptible animals.     

个案管理模式应用于特发性中枢性性早熟患儿及其主要照护者的效果分析

目的探讨个案管理模式应用于特发性中枢性性早熟(ICPP)患儿及其主要照护者的效果,为特发性中枢性性早熟患儿及其主要照护者提供更加专业的、有效的临床护理及延伸服务,从而进一步提高满意度,降低特发性中枢性性早熟患儿主要照护者焦虑的发生。方法选取我院2014年3-9月确诊的96例ICPP患儿及其主要照护者为研究对象,将96例ICPP患儿及其主要照护者随机分为观察组和对照组,研究过程中,对照组4例患儿失访退出。最终完成研究的患儿为对照组44例,观察组48例。观察组接受个案管理,对照组接受常规护理,分别于确诊当日和接受治疗1年后,比较患儿主要照护者的焦虑发生率、患儿治疗依从性及患儿主要照护者满意度。结果两组患儿主要照护者焦虑程度、满意度前后对比以及患儿治疗依从性差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论应用个案管理模式能够减少患儿主要照护者的焦虑发生、提高患儿治疗依从性,从而提高患儿及主要照护者的生活质量,还可提高患儿主要照护者的满意度,改善护患关系。     

注射用血栓通中三七元素迁移的规律

目的:分析注射用血栓通中三七从原料到成品全过程的元素迁移规律,以便更好地控制成品中元素杂质。方法:采用ICP-MS法全面分析三七药材、三七总皂苷(中间体)和注射用血栓通中21种元素的含量。结果:21种元素的标准曲线相关系数r均在0. 999以上,回收率在92. 71%～107. 07%之间,RSD均在5%以内。三七药材中铝、铁含量较高,铅、砷、汞、镉、铜符合中华人民共和国药典的相关规定,三七总皂苷(中间体)和注射用血栓通中多数元素均未检出或含量极低。结论:注射用血栓通的提取工艺可有效去除三七中大部分元素,重金属及有害元素也降到较低水平。     

Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Urtica pilulifera

The petroleum ether extract of Urtica pilulifera (Urticaceae) seeds showed anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan-induced edema in rats.     

血塞通对 MCAO 大鼠不同恢复时间点Nogo-A 蛋白表达的影响

目的：探讨血塞通冻干粉注射液对大鼠局灶性脑缺血模型不同恢复时间点7d，14d，28d大脑皮层的主要抑制因子Nogo-A表达的影响。方法健康雄性SD大鼠，随机分为手术组和非手术组，手术组采用改良Longa方法建立大脑中动脉阻塞（ MCAO）模型，待大鼠术后清醒2h后，进行EZLonga评分，根据评分和体重随机分为血塞通大剂量组（7．2mg／100g）、小剂量组（3．6mg／100g）、尼莫地平组（1．44mg／100g）、模型组（生理盐水），于手术当日开始给药。待7d，14d，28d时，各组取6～8只动物，迅速取脑，于视交叉处将大脑前后分开，前端脑放入10％的甲醛中固定，48h后用PBS将脑组织洗净，石蜡包埋切片，用免疫组织化学染色方法观察不同时间点Nogo-A的表达变化，分别对梗死区、梗死周边区进行平均光密度分析。结果梗死区随着时间的延长，Nogo-A的表达逐渐减弱，在各时间点内，血塞通组和尼莫地平组Nogo-A的表达高于模型组。梗死周边区，模型组Nogo-A的表达趋势是7 d时已经高表达，14 d达到高峰，28 d比14 d略低，但仍保持较高水平，在各时间点，血塞通组比同时间点内的模型组表达低，与模型组差异显著（P＜0．05）。结论血塞通可以保护大鼠梗死区及梗死周边区的神经细胞，可以下调梗死周边区不同恢复时间点Nogo-A的表达。血塞通可能是通过下调Nogo-A的表达来实现大脑神经功能的重塑重建作用。     

Cytogenetic Effects Of Aqueous Extracts Of The Medicinal Plant Paico (Chenopodium Multifidum L.)

The cytogenetic effects of aqueous extracts of Chenopodium multifidum L. (Paico) were determined by addition of the extracts and fractions to human lymphocyte cultures. Toxicity was evaluated by analysis of chromosomal aberrations (CA), sister chromatid exchange (SCE), mitotic (MI) and replication (RI) indexes. The results showed an increase in CA frequency in cultures exposed to infusion decoction, no modification in the CPK values either in the decoction or in the infusion, and a decrease in the MI of lymphocyte cultures exposed to the decoction. These results suggested genotoxic effects of “Paico” aqueous extracts.     

Sequential drain amylase to guide drain removal following pancreatectomy

Background

Although used as criterion for early drain removal, postoperative day (POD) 1 drain fluid amylase (DFA) ≤ 5000 U/L has low negative predictive value for clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF). It was hypothesized that POD3 DFA ≤ 350 could provide further information to guide early drain removal.