多序列联合应用诊断超早期脑梗死的临床价值分析

目的：分析应用多序列联合的检查方式对超早期脑梗死患者的临床诊断意义。方法：对应用多序列磁共振检查（包括T1W成像、T2W成像、DW成像、FLAIR成像及MRA成像）的超早期脑梗死患者共30例进行回顾性分析，分析成像对超早期脑梗死患者检出的敏感性及MRA分级与梗死面积的关系。结果：DW检出率明显高于其他3种成像的检出率（P〈0．05），而TIW成像、T2W成像及FLAIR成像检出率比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。MRA动脉显像分级与梗死面积呈正向直线相关，MRA动脉显像分级越高，出现大面积脑梗死越多。结论：多序列联合的检查对超早期脑梗死患者的检出率高，且可对梗死面积进行初步的预测。     

住院患者医院感染现患率调查

目的了解住院患者医院感染现状,以便完善医院感染监控措施。方法采用横断面调查方法,分别在2009年9月2日和2010年10月19日对青州市人民医院住院患者进行了医院感染现患率调查。结果该医院2009年调查当日应调查住院患者494例,实查率98.99%,医院感染现患率为1.43%。2010年调查当日应调查住院患者514例,实查率99.81%,医院感染现患率为1.95%。2009与2010年度医院感染部位均以呼吸道感染占首位,分别为57.14%和70.00%;当日抗菌药物使用率分别为64.62%和59.65%;标本送检率分别为3.85%和15.08%。结论该医院2次调查的医院感染现患率和抗菌药物使用率均无明显差别,2010年细菌标本送检率明显提高。     

Rückfußamputationen: Gegenwärtige Möglichkeiten

In Pirogoff and Syme amputation the reduced leg-length inequality, the positive effect of the long lever arm of the residual limb on the biomechanics of the gait patterns and the preserved proprioception of the plantar sole are potentially very beneficial. Despite the advantages the frequency of Syme and Pirogoff a among lower limb amputations remains low. After analysis of the present literature, the available studies are too heterogeneous to give a clear therapeutic recommendation for hind- foot amputations such as Pirogoff or Syme. Nevertheless, with an interdisciplinary holistic approach, a hind-foot amputation should be evaluated for the individual case in order to achieve an optimal functional outcome.     

Renal Effects of Crizotinib in Patients With ALK-Positive Advanced NSCLC

IntroductionWe retrospectively analyzed the effects of crizotinib on serum creatinine and creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase–positive advanced NSCLC across four trials (NCT00585195, NCT00932451, NCT00932893, and NCT01154140).MethodsChanges from baseline data in serum creatinine and eGFR, calculated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration creatinine-based equation, were assessed over time. eGFR was graded using standard chronic kidney disease criteria.ResultsMedian serum creatinine increased from 0.79 mg/dL at baseline to 0.93 mg/dL after 2 weeks of treatment (median percentage increase from baseline, 21.2%), was stable from week 12 (0.96 mg/dL) to week 104 (1.00 mg/dL), and decreased to 0.90 mg/dL at 28 days after last dose (median percentage increase from baseline, 13.1%). Median eGFR decreased over time (96.42, 80.23, 78.06 and 75.45 mL/min/1.73 m² at baseline, week 2, week 12, and week 104, respectively) and increased to 83.02 mL/min/1.73 m² at 28 days after the last dose. Median percentage decrease from baseline was 14.9%, 17.0%, and 10.4% at week 2, week 12, and 28 days after last dose of crizotinib, respectively. Overall, 12.6% of patients had a shift from eGFR grade less than or equal to 3a (≥45 mL/min/1.73 m²) at baseline to greater than or equal to 3b (<45 mL/min/1.73 m²) post-baseline.ConclusionsCrizotinib resulted in a decline in creatinine-based estimates of renal function mostly over the first 2 weeks of treatment. However, there was minimal evidence of cumulative effects with prolonged treatment and these changes were largely reversible following treatment discontinuation, consistent with previous reports suggesting this may be predominantly an effect on creatinine secretion as opposed to true nephrotoxicity.     

Temperature Measurement by Sublimation Rate as a Process Analytical Technology Tool in Lyophilization

Product temperature (T_b) and drying time constitute critical material attributes and process parameters in the lyophilization process and especially during the primary drying stage. In the study, we performed a temperature measurement by the sublimation rate (TMbySR) to monitor the T_b value and determine the end point of primary drying. First, the water vapor transfer resistance coefficient through the main pipe from the chamber to the condenser (C_r) was estimated via the water sublimation test. The use of C_r value made it possible to obtain the time course of T_b from the measurement of pressure at the drying chamber and at the condenser. Second, a Flomoxef sodium bulk solution was lyophilized by using the TMbySR system. The outcome was satisfactory when compared with that obtained via conventional sensors. The same was applicable for the determination of the end point of primary drying. A laboratory-scale application of the TMbySR system was evidenced via the experiment using 220-, 440-, and 660-vial scales of lyophilization. The outcome was not dependent on the loading amount. Thus, the results confirmed that the TMbySR system is a promising tool in laboratory scale.     

Implantation failures in women with infertility associated endometriosis

Abstract

Endometriosis is currently considered as one of the most common diseases associated with infertility. A controversial issue is whether endometriosis per se exerts a detrimental effect on IVF outcomes. Failure of implantation due to endometriosis-associated infertility is a contradictory and widely discussed burden nowadays. The purpose of the study is to assess the quality of embryos and implantation rate in women with infertility associated with endometriosis. The study included infertile reproductive aged women, between 26 and 40 years who underwent IVF and ICSI procedures. The patients were divided into two groups: group I (n?=?70) involved 70 patients with recurrent unilateral endometriomas, II control group (n?=?50) with tubal factor infertility. The quality of the retrieved embryos was assessed according to the generally accepted classification of Gardner, indicating the rate of implantation in each group. Embryo transfer was performed in case of high quality embryos. Assessing the ovarian reserve indicators, in the group I patients with recurrent unilateral endometriomas the serum level of AMH was significantly lower (2.1?±?1.75 vs. 3.2?±?1.4, p?<?.005), as well as the number of retrieved oocytes (8.1?±?3.9 and 10.1?±?6.8, p?<?.005). The analysis of the results demonstrated that the duration of stimulation in the group patients with recurrent unilateral endometriomas was significantly higher in comparison with the group II (12.2?±?1.8 and 10.2?±?1.6 days, p?<?.001). Nevertheless, the number of good quality embryos retrieved was comparable in both groups (2.2?±?1.5 and 2.8?±?1.8). In the group I patients with recurrent unilateral endometriomas, there was a statistically significant decrease of implantation rate (17.1% vs. 24% p?<?.005). The results of the study revealed no statistical difference in embryo quality in the study cohort. However, it is important to note that a statistically significant difference in implantation rate in the group of endometriosis-associated infertility compared was obtained 1.5 times lower than in the control group (15.8% vs. 24.0% p?<?.005). The achieved results demonstrated an adverse IVF outcome in infertile women with recurrent endometrioma compared to the control group.