Immunological typing of acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Concurrent analysis by flow cytofluorometry and immunocytology

For 60 cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) immunological typing was done concurrently by the avidin-biotin-peroxidase method using cytocentrifuged smears and by flow cytofluorometry for the study of surface antigens. The use of a large panel of antibodies detecting differentiation antigens allowed us to sub-classify 57/60 cases as 43 B-lineage ALLs and 14 B-Lineage ALLs. The two types of ALL can be accurately distinguished by the expression of the antigens recognized by the antibodies of the clusters of differentiation CD19 (B4) and CD7 (Leu 9). Almost perfect agreement was obtained between the results of the two methods for antigens DR, CD10 (cALLA; J5) and CD7. A number of discordances were observed with other antigens [CD19 (B4), CD20 (B1), CD22 (To15), CDl (T6), CD2 (Tll), CD4 (T4). CD8 (T8), CD3 (T3), T9, T10]. In spite of these discordances, the avidin-biotin-peroxidase method can predict the lineage involved in most ALLs with a high degree of reliability. Nevertheless, for weakly expressed surface antigens (such as 134 and 131) the immunocytological method is less sensitive than flow cytofluorometry and can only approximately determine the stage of differentiation of neoplastic cells. Furthermore, the existence of cases which are at the same time negative with flow cytofluorometry and positive with immunocytology is consistent with the intracytoplasmic expression of certain differentiation antigens. Thus in the course of lymphoid differentiation, intra-cytoplasmic expression of T3, To15 and possibly J5 precedes their expression at the cell surface.     

伴有特应性皮炎的哮喘患者红细胞免疫功能和sIL—2R水平的研究

采用红细胞花环试验和双抗体夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ法，分别检测伴有特应性皮炎的哮喘患者２０例，无皮炎的哮喘患者２５例和健康对照组的红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环率，红细胞免疫复合物花环率和血清可溶性白细胞介素－２受体的水平。     

Association between Early Menopause,Gynecological Cancer,and Tobacco Smoking: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: The rates of smoking among women are rising. Previous studies have shown that smoking is associated with early menopause. However, the association of gynecological cancer, including breast and cervical cancer, with early menopause and smoking, remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the association between smoking and early menopause, breast cancer, and cervical cancer. Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the Korean National Health and Nutritional Survey Examination (KHANES) (2016–2018). Early menopause was defined as menopause before 50 years of age. Results: A total of 4,481 participants were included in the analysis. There was no association between early menopause and cervical cancer (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.435, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.730–2.821), but women who had experienced early menopause had a significantly higher risk of breast cancer than women who had experienced normal menopause (aOR: 1.683, 95% CI: 1.089–2.602, p=0.019). Early menopause was not associated with an increased risk of breast cancer in ever-smoker (aOR: 0.475, 95% CI: 0.039–5.748), but was associated with a significantly increased risk of breast cancer in never-smokers (aOR: 1.828, 95% CI: 1.171–2.852). Conclusions: Early menopause was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer in women who had never smoked, but not in women who had ever smoked.     

肺心康胶囊对痰瘀阻肺型慢性肺源性心脏病的临床疗效

〔摘 要〕 目的：观察肺心康胶囊对痰瘀阻肺型慢性肺源性心脏病的临床疗效及对患者血气的影响。 方法：选取益阳市 第一中医医院 2016 年 12 月至 2019 年 3 月期间收治的 40 例痰瘀阻肺型慢性肺源性心脏病患者,按照入院顺序分为观察组 和对照组,各 20 例。对照组给予西医常规治疗。观察组在对照组的基础上给予肺心康胶囊。评价两组患者综合疗效、血气 分析等疗效性指标。 结果：观察组临床控制占比高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P ＜ 0.05）;治疗后观察组动脉血二 氧化碳分压低于对照组,动脉血氧分压高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P ＜ 0.05）;两组患者不良反应发生率比较, 差异无统计学意义（P ＞ 0.05）;治疗后两组患者的补体 C3、E– 玫瑰花环形成率均有不同程度升高,且治疗后观察组补体 C3、E– 玫瑰花环形成率均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P ＜ 0.05）。 结论：肺心康胶囊结合西医治疗方案能提高临 床综合疗效,改善患者症状、体征。     

蛛网膜下隙麻醉对老年骨科患者术后早期认知功能的影响

正术后认知功能障碍(postoperative cognitive dysfunction,POCD)是手术患者术后常见的神经系统并发症~[1-3]。尤其对于老年患者,POCD的发病率高、恢复慢。统计数据~[4-5]显示,年龄65岁的老年患者术后POCD的发病率是年轻患者的2~10倍,可能与老年患者中枢神经系统退化、血流动力学调控能力弱有关。老年患者发生POCD易导致关节功能恢复延迟、住院时间延长、治疗费用增加,且会     

慢性肺原性心脏病合并甲状腺机能亢进伴左心功能不全的临床分析

目的：探讨慢性肺原性心脏病（肺心病）合并甲状腺机能亢进（甲亢）患者左心功能不全的临床特点和治疗措施。方法：总结和分析了９例肺心病合并甲亢出现左心功能不全患者的临床资料。结果：患者左心功能不全发生于肺心病的各病情分期及甲亢治疗中断后，临床特征除肺心病表现外，均出现心率加速、心律不齐、不同程度的左心扩大、顽固性心力衰竭、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸和甲状腺素明显增高等突出的甲亢性心脏病表现。９例中８例经按肺心病治疗和抗甲亢治疗后，左心功能不全纠正，心律失常消失；１例未抗甲亢治疗患者死于左心衰竭。存活患者中４例随访０．５～２．０年，甲亢控制，心功能不全无复发。结论：肺心病合并甲亢患者，甲亢未控制可能是诱发左心功能不全的主要因素，左心功能不全心脏病的基础病因主要为甲亢性心脏病，其左心功能不全的治疗除对肺心病治疗外，还应积极抗甲亢治疗。     

超短波对慢性肺源性心脏病患者肺动脉高压的影响

目的 研究超短波对慢性肺源性心脏病患者肺动脉高压的影响，并探讨其作用机制。方法 将87例急性发作期慢性肺源性心脏病患者随机分为超短波治疗组45例和对照组42例。对照组给予常规治疗，超短波治疗组在常规治疗的基础上给予超短波治疗。2组患者均于治疗前、后测定血浆中血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）和内皮素-1（ET-1）含量，动脉血氧分压（PaO2）和平均肺动脉压（mPAP）水平以及肺通气功能中第1秒用力呼气量（FEV1．0）。结果 与对照组比较，超短波治疗组治疗后FEV1．0％pred和PaO2水平显著升高（P〈0．01），VEGF、ET-1含量和mPAP水平明显降低（P〈0．01）；VEGF、ET-1与PaO2呈负相关（P〈0．01），与mPAP呈正相关（P〈0．01）。结论 超短波治疗可降低慢性肺源性心脏病患者的肺动脉高压，其作用机制可能与VEGF、ET-1的合成和释放有关。     

Transesophageal echocardiography for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism with acute cor pulmonale: a comparison with radiological procedures

Objective: The goal of the study was to assess prospectively the value of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) for the diagnosis of massive pulmonary embolism complicated by acute cor pulmonale. Design: A prospective study conducted on 44 consecutive patients. Setting: A general intensive care unit (ICU) of a university hospital. Patients and methods: Between May 95 and October 96, 44 consecutive patients with clinically suspected acute pulmonary embolism underwent transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), completed by TEE when acute cor pulmonale was present (30 patients). The results of the echocardiographic studies were compared with radiological investigations by helical CT or contrast angiography. Results: The high sensitivity and specificity of the presence of acute cor pulmonale on TTE for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism was confirmed. Nineteen patients only underwent TEE. The sensitivity and the specificity of TEE in detecting a proximal pulmonary embolism were 84 % and 84 %, respectively. Its main limitation concerned the left pulmonary artery, in which only one thrombus was visualized by TEE whereas six were present on helical CT, and lobar pulmonary arteries which could not be visualized with TEE. Thus, the overall sensitivity of TEE for the detection of pulmonary embolism with acute cor pulmonale was only 58 %. Conclusion: In comparison with radiological procedures, TEE had limited accuracy for detecting pulmonary embolism with acute cor pulmonale. When the pulmonary embolism was located in the main or right pulmonary artery, TEE could clarify the diagnosis within a few minutes without further invasive diagnostic procedures. However, a negative TEE did not exclude left proximal or lobar pulmonary embolism. Received: 28 April 1997 Accepted: 28 November 1997