加味通关液超声雾化吸入治疗Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭的临床观察

为观察中药超声雾化对呼吸衰竭的疗效,采用本院研制的加味通关液超声雾化吸入治疗Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者27例,并与可拉明组30例对照。结果显示:治疗组临床治愈显效率70.3％,SaO_2上升达38.4％,咳嗽、呼吸困难、咯痰好转率、平均治疗时间与对照组比较均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。     

气滞胃痛冲剂药理学实验研究

气滞胃痛冲剂ig,能明显抑制小鼠胃排空和小肠推进作用,减少胃液分泌,降低胃液酸度及胃蛋白酶活性,增强家兔在体肠蠕动强度,对大鼠幽门结扎型溃疡有明显的保护作用,还有明显的镇痛作用。     

High-dose treatment with lanreotide of patients with advanced neuroendocrine gastrointestinal tumors: Clinical and biological effects

Background: Neuroendocrine tumors usually present with inoperable metastatic disease and severe hormonal symtoms. Specific chemotherapy, alpha-interferon and the somatostatin analog octreotide are established therapies in these patients but all of them eventually fail. Other somatostatin analogs, e.g., RC-160 and lanreotide, are currently being studied in different doses and modes of administration.Patients and methods: Nineteen patients with advanced neuroendocrine gastrointestinal tumors [13 carcinoids and six endocrine pancreatic tumors (EPT)], liver metastases being present in 18, most of them heavily pretreated, were included. Seventeen out of 18 patients had somatostatin receptors demonstrated by octreotide scintigraphy. Lanreotide was given as four daily subcutaneous injections, starting with 750 µg/d, then increasing every week up to 12,000 µg/d after six weeks, a dose which was maintained, if tolerated, for 12 months, or until progression.Results: There was a significant tumor size response (>50%) in one patient (5%), whereas 12 patients (70%) had tumor stabilization for 12 months. Bichemical tumor markers were significantly reduced at six months (urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and plasma chromogranin) and 12 months (chromogranin) and the overall biochemical response rate was 58% with this high dose of lanreotide. Adverse events were observed and four patients stopped the treatment due to adverse events. Studies of tumor biopsies before and during treatment indicated induction of apoptosis in patients with tumor stabilization and biochemical response.Conclusion: High-dose treatment with lanreotide (12,000 µg/d) produced tumor size response in 5%, stabilization in 70% and a biochemical response in 58% of patients. These results should be related to the advanced stage of the disease as indicated by the mean duration of disease of more than four years, but they do not appear to be better than those achieved with standard doses of somatostatin analogs. However, in responding patients we observed induction of apoptosis in the tumors, a phenomenon not seen with regular doses of somatostatin analogs, but often produced by chemotherapeutic agents.     

中药对实验性玻璃体出血的作用观察

观察中药对实验性玻璃体出血的治疗作用。用兔自体血造成玻璃体出血模型，并分眼血宁治疗组，空白对照组，模型对照组及尿激酶对照组，１０天后观察玻璃体Ｆｅ６２＋，蛋白浓度和超氧化物歧化酶活性的变化。结果；玻璃体出血时玻璃体内Ｆｅ＾２＋和蛋白浓度升高，ＳＯＤ活性下降；治疗组Ｆｅ＾２＋浓度明显降低，ＳＯＤ活性增强。结论：眼血宁不仅能促进玻璃体出血吸收，同时对出血造成的玻璃体组织结构损害有一定促进恢复作用。     

急性上消化道出血112例临床疗效分析

采用国家中医药管理局颁布的《中医血证治疗常规》治疗急性上消化道出血112例，取得了较好疗效，总有效率达94．6％。进行了证和疗效，原发病和疗效，病情程度和疗关系的分析。说明中医血证治疗效常规在临床实践中是切实可行的。     

中西医结合治疗肝豆状核变性疗效与临床表型和ATP7B基 …

目的：研究中西医结合治疗肝豆状核变性（又称Ｗｉｌｓｏｎ病）疗效与临床表型和ＡＴＰ７Ｂ基因第１８外显子突变的关系。     

广藿香胃肠道药理作用

本实验探讨了广藿香3种不同提取物对胃肠道作用的差异。结果表明,水提物、去油水提物和发挥油均可抑制离体免肠的自发收缩和乙酰胆碱及氯化钡引起的痉挛性收缩,以挥发油的抑制作用最强。在整体实验中,水提物和去油水提物均减慢胃排空,抑制正常小鼠和新斯的明引起的小鼠肠推进运动,增加胃酸分泌,提高胃蛋白酶活性,促进胰腺分泌淀粉酶,提高血清淀粉酶活力,而挥发油则对胃排空和肠推进运动无影响,并使胃酸分泌减少,提高胃蛋白酶活性的作用比水提物和去油水提物均弱。水提物、去油水提物均能减少番泻叶引起的腹泻次数,而挥发油则协同番泻叶引起小鼠腹泻。此外,水提物、去油水提物和挥发油均可抑制冰醋酸引起的内脏绞痛,其中水提物的作用较强。以上结果提示,广藿香的有效成分主要是水溶性成分。     

药典法姜半夏与正交法姜半夏药理作用的比较

通过两种不同炮制工艺炮制的姜半夏对动物刺激性、镇咳、胃排空、肠蠕动、催眠诸项药理实验比较表明：药典法姜半夏和正交法姜半夏的各项药理作用基本一致，统计学处理无明显差异，但就炮制工艺而言正交法姜半夏有炮制时间短，辅料用量少，工艺易控制等优点。     

Hypoglycémie hyperinsulinémique persistante du nouveau-né et du nourrisson

Persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycaemia of infancy (PHHI) is the most frequent cause of hypoglycaemia in infancy. Clinical presentation is heterogeneous, with variable onset of hypoglycaemia and response to diazoxide, and presence of sporadic or familial forms. Underlying histopathological lesions can be focal or diffuse. Focal lesions are characterised by focal hyperplasia of pancreatic islet-like cells, whereas diffuse lesions implicate the whole pancreas. The distinction between the two forms is important because surgical treatment and genetic counselling are radically different. Focal lesions correspond to somatic defects which are totally cured by limited pancreatic resection, whereas diffuse lesions require a subtotal pancreatectomy exposing to high risk of diabetes mellitus. Diffuse lesions are due to functional abnormalities involving several genes and different transmission forms. Recessively inherited PHHI have been attributed to homozygote mutations for the beta-cell sulfonylurea receptor (SUR1) or the inward-rectifying potassium-channel (Kir6.2) genes. Dominantly inherited PHHI can implicate the glucokinase gene, particularly when PHHI is associated with diabetes, the glutamate dehydrogenase gene when hyperammonaemia is associated, or another locus.     

Prenatally detected cystic neuroblastoma

A case of adrenal cystic neuroblastoma (NB) detected by prenatal ultrasonography (US) is presented. The suprarenal mass initially showed pure cystic features on a variety of imaging studies such as US, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. Tumor markers were negative. The mass was suspected to be an adrenal hemorrhage rather than a NB. Three months later, although the diameter was unchanged, the thickness of the cyst wall seemed to have slightly increased. Surgical exploration revealed an adrenal cystic tumor and histology showed a NB in situ. Forty-five infants with prenatally detected NB were found in the English literature; about one-half of them were cystic NBs, and most had a favorable outcome. Accepted: 29 July 1996