Effect of Soothing Gan (Liver) and Invigorating Pi (Spleen) Recipes on TLR4-p38 MAPK Pathway in Kupffer Cells of Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis Rats

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of inflammatory-mediated toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(p38 MAPK) pathway in Kupffer cells(KCs) of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) rats and the intervention effect of soothing Gan(Liver) and invigorating Pi(Spleen) recipes on this pathway. Methods: After 1 week of acclimatization, 120 Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into 8 groups using a random number table(n=15 per group): normal group, model group, low-dose Chaihu Shugan Powder(柴胡疏肝散, CHSG) group(3.2 g/kg), high-dose CHSG group(9.6 g/kg), low-dose Shenling Baizhu Powder(参苓白术散, SLBZ) group(10 g/kg), high-dose SLBZ(30 g/kg) group, and low-and highdose integrated recipe(L-IR, H-IR) groups. All rats in the model and treatment groups were fed with a high-fat diet(HFD). The treatments were administrated by gastrogavage once daily and lasted for 26 weeks. The liver tissues were detected with hematoxylin-eosin(HE) and oil red O staining. Levels of liver lipids, serum lipids and transaminases were measured. KCs were isolated from the livers of rats to evaluate the mRNA expressions of TLR4 and p38 MAPK by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and proteins expressions of TLR4, p-p38 MAPK and p38 MAPK by Western blot. Levels of inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α), interleukin(IL)-1 and IL-6 in KCs were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: After 26 weeks of HFD feeding, HE and oil red O staining showed that the NASH model rats successfully reproduced typical pathogenesis and histopathological features. Compared with the normal group, the model group exhibited significant increases in body weight, liver weight, liver index, serum levels of total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and aspartate aminotransferase as well as TC and TG levels in liver tissues, and significant decrease in serum level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(P0.05 or P0.01), while those indices were significantly ameliorated in the H-IR group(P0.05 or P0.01). Higher levels of TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 in KCs were observed in the model group compared with the normal group(P0.01). Significant decreases in TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 were observed in the H-SLBZ, H-IR and L-IR groups compared with the model group(P0.05 or P0.01). The m RNA expressions of TLR4 and p38 MAPK and protein expressions of TLR4, p38 MAPK and p-p38 MAPK in KCs in the model group were significantly higher than the normal group(P0.01), while those expression levels in the L-IR and H-IR groups were significantly lower than the model group(P0.05 or P0.01). Conclusions: Inflammation in KCs might play an important role in the pathogenesis of NASH in rats. The data demonstrated the importance of TLR4-p38 MAPK signaling pathway in KCs for the anti-inflammatory effect of soothing Gan and invigorating Pi recipes.     

丹皮酚软膏治疗老年人皮肤瘙痒症的临床和实验研究

目的观察丹皮酚软膏治疗老年皮肤瘙痒症的疗效,并通过动物实验,对比丹皮酚软膏和氢化可的松软膏的抗过敏止痒效果。方法将80例老年皮肤瘙痒症患者按1︰1的比例随机分为治疗组40例和对照组40例,治疗组用润燥止痒胶囊配合丹皮酚软膏治疗,对照组用润燥止痒胶囊配合氢化可的松软膏,均外用3周后观察临床疗效。以4氨基吡啶诱发小鼠舔体反应,观察丹皮酚软膏对舔体反应的影响;以组胺使豚鼠皮肤瘙痒,观察丹皮酚软膏对豚鼠致痒阈的影响。低分子右旋糖酐诱发小鼠皮肤瘙痒,观察丹皮酚软膏的止痒作用。结果对比丹皮酚软膏和氢化可的松软膏的临床疗效,治疗组有效率为100%;对照组有效率为92.5%,两组差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。丹皮酚软膏显著抑制4-氨基吡啶诱发的小鼠舔体反应;显著提高豚鼠对组胺的致痒阈;显著抑制低分子右旋糖酐诱发的小鼠皮肤瘙痒。结论丹皮酚软膏对多种动物模型有止痒作用,丹皮酚软膏治疗老年人皮肤瘙痒症效果好。     

Providing Alcoholism Services to Minority Populations

No abstract available for this article.     

运脾散神阙穴贴敷治疗小儿厌食症67例临床观察

厌食是小儿时期常见的脾胃病症,本文介绍了应用运脾散神阙穴贴敷治疗厌食症67例,取得满意疗效。     

金元四大家消渴类方药分析之新见

金元四大家在诊治消渴方面即借鉴了前人的经验又各有创新,对后世在辨证论治消渴类疾病影响巨大,对于消渴病的辨证论治逐渐形成体系。用现代数学方法分析四大家用药频率,根据《内经》及其他经典中记载消渴病分析的内容,提出上焦辨证消渴的方法。     

美皮康敷料对ICU压疮高风险患者皮肤保护的应用研究

目的探讨美皮康敷料在ICU压疮高风险患者皮肤保护中的有效性。方法选取2015年1-6月入住我科的压疮高风险的1 030例患者作为干预组,对患者预防性地使用美皮康敷料;2014年7-12月入住我科未进行敷料预防性保护的压疮高风险974例患者作为对照组。比较两组压疮的发生情况。结果干预组与对照组相比,压疮的发生率从3.49%下降到1.94%,差异具有统计学意义(P=0.032);干预组出现压疮的风险比为0.409[95%CI(0.211,0.793)]。结论美皮康敷料能够有效预防ICU压疮高风险患者压疮的发生。     

蔡妙珊治疗泌尿系结石经验

蔡妙珊教授认为泌尿系结石病机多为脾肾气虚为本,湿热气滞血瘀为标,治疗常用清热利湿、通络、补虚三法,自拟金石芍苓汤,融三法于一方,疗效较好。同时结合针刺、穴位注射、总攻疗法及综合疗法等,缩短治疗周期,加快排石,促进中、大型结石的排出,疗效显著。     

太极拳联合八段锦对社区2型糖尿病患者血糖及生存质量的影响

目的探讨太极拳、八段锦联合应用对社区2型糖尿病患者血糖、血脂、生存质量的影响。方法将94例社区2型糖尿病患者随机分为对照组(48例)和干预组(46例),对照组接受常规社区护理,干预组在对照组的基础上实施早太极拳晚八段锦养生运动。结果经过6个月规律养生运动,干预组空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖、糖化血红蛋白、胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇显著低于对照组(P0.05,P0.01),生存质量中生理功能和社会关系维度得分显著优于对照组(均P0.05)。结论规律早太极拳晚八段锦养生运动可有效降低社区2型糖尿病患者血糖水平,改善血脂代谢,提高患者生存质量。     

Expression of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in hepatocytes from rat fibrotic liver

The pathological changes of parasympathetic nerve are considered as an independent prognostic factor of the survival rate of patients with chronic liver disease. The non-selective muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAchR) agonists and antagonists can affect the proliferation of hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells, but the subtypes of mAchR expressions in HCs are still uncertain. Here, we investigate the expression of mAchR in hepatic fibrosis on rats. 3 ml/kg 40% carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) was given to induce hepatic fibrosis on rats and the hepatocytes were isolated. Compared to the normal state, the expression levels of m1, 3, 5 in fibrotic liver tissues or hepatocytes were obviously increased, while m2, 4 decreased. 10 μM pilocarpine or 10 μM acetylcholine could increase the alanine aminotransferase (ALT), hydroxyproline (Hyp), collagen I, III in the hepatocytes, and decreased albumin (ALB). They also changed the expressions of mAchR similarly as the fibrotic hepatocytes and livers. However, atropine could ameliorate the state of fibrotic hepatocytes. These data indicate that mAchR played an important role in the regulation of hepatic fibrosis process. Targeting mAchR would have therapeutic potential for hepatic fibrosis.