补阳还五汤对脊髓损伤大鼠脊髓组织血小板活化因子受体mRNA表达的影响

[目的]观察补阳还五汤对脊髓损伤(SCI)模型大鼠脊髓组织血小板活化因子受体(PAF-R)mRNA表达的影响.[方法]选用SPF级Wistar大鼠,随机分为4组:正常组、模型组、补阳还五汤组(剂量为40 g·kg-1·d-1)、金纳多组(剂量为45.5 mg·kg-1·d-1);采用Allen's法复制中度SCI模型,造模成功后观察1周;连续给药2周后,取各组脊髓组织,采用实时逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)法检测各组脊髓组织PAF-R mRNA表达水平.[结果]模型组大鼠脊髓组织PAF-R mRNA表达显著降低(P＜0.01);补阳还五汤组及金纳多组均可抑制脊髓组织PAF-R mRNA表达,与模型组比较差异有显著性意义(P＜0.01),而两给药组之间比较无显著性差异(P＞0.05).[结论]补阳还五汤对损伤脊髓的保护作用可能与其能减少PAF-R数目,抑制PAF-R活性,从而阻断PAF发挥损伤效应有关.     

玉女煎对实验性兔牙周炎模型的治疗作用

[目的] 观察玉女煎对实验性兔牙周炎模型的治疗作用.[方法] 选用新西兰兔24只,随机分为模型对照组、玉女煎组(中药组,剂量为23 g·kg-1·d-1)、局部用药组(以派丽奥牙科软膏每次每牙50 mg局部牙周注射)及中药与局部用药合用组(合用组);采用结扎法复制兔牙周病模型,分别治疗6周,各组均在给药后每周进行牙龈探诊出血(BOP)与牙周探诊深度(PPD)检测,治疗结束后取下颌骨行组织病理学检查.[结果] 各治疗组在不同时间点BOP均呈不同程度下降,其中以合用组下降更明显;PPD值亦呈不同程度下降,给药4周后,各治疗组PPD值与模型对照组比较差异均有显著性意义(P<0.05),以合用组疗效更显著.组织病理学检查显示:合用组牙周袋内炎症细胞浸润、骨吸收陷窝及活性破骨细胞数均较其他组减少,且出现牙槽骨再生现象.[结论] 中药玉女煎合并局部用药对牙周炎具有一定治疗作用.     

The association between harmful alcohol use and Internet addiction among college students: Comparison of personality

Aims:  This study aimed to (i) evaluate the association between Internet addiction and harmful alcohol use, and (ii) evaluate the associated personality characteristics of Internet addiction as well as harmful alcohol use.
Methods:  A total of 2453 college students were invited to complete the Chen Internet Addiction Scale, Behavior Inhibition System and Behavior Approach System Scale(BIS/BAS scale), and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test from May 2005 to May 2006.
Results:  The results demonstrated Internet addiction was associated with harmful alcohol use among college students. College students with Internet addiction had higher scores on the BIS and BAS fun-seeking subscales. However, college students with harmful alcohol use had higher scores on the BAS drive and fun-seeking subscales, and lower scores on the BIS subscale.
Conclusions:  Internet addiction is associated with harmful alcohol use. Furthermore, fun seeking was the shared characteristic of these two problem behaviors and might contribute to the association. However, further studies are necessary to evaluate the underlying mechanisms accounting for the association between Internet addiction and harmful alcohol use.     

Conducting Internet-Based HIV/STD Prevention Survey Research: Considerations in Design and Evaluation

The aim of this paper is to advance rigorous Internet-based HIV/STD Prevention quantitative research by providing guidance to fellow researchers, faculty supervising graduates, human subjects’ committees, and review groups about some of the most common and challenging questions about Internet-based HIV prevention quantitative research. The authors represent several research groups who have gained experience conducting some of the first Internet-based HIV/STD prevention quantitative surveys in the US and elsewhere. Sixteen questions specific to Internet-based HIV prevention survey research are identified. To aid rigorous development and review of applications, these questions are organized around six common criteria used in federal review groups in the US: significance, innovation, approach (broken down further by research design, formative development, procedures, sampling considerations, and data collection); investigator, environment and human subjects’ issues. Strategies promoting minority participant recruitment, minimizing attrition, validating participants, and compensating participants are discussed. Throughout, the implications on budget and realistic timetabling are identified.     

Sepsis is associated with an upregulation of functional beta3 adrenoceptors in the myocardium

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the implication of the beta3-adrenoceptor (beta3-AR) pathway in human septic myocardium and a murine model of sepsis, a condition associated with myocardial depression. METHODS AND RESULTS: beta3-AR and eNOS protein abundance were increased (332+/-66.4% and 218+/-39.3; P<0.05) in hearts from septic patients. The effect of BRL37344, a beta3-AR-preferential agonist, was analyzed by videomicroscopy on the contractility of neonatal mouse ventricular myocytes (NMVM) incubated with conditioned medium from LPS-stimulated cultured macrophages (Mc-LPS+ medium). Stimulation of untreated NMVM with BRL37344 dose-dependently decreased the amplitude of contractile shortening (P<0.05). This response was abolished by L-NAME (NOS inhibitor). Incubation in Mc-LPS+ medium potentiated the depressing effect of BRL37344 (P<0.05) as well as of SR58611A (P<0.05) in wild-type myocytes. Importantly, the contractile depression was abrogated in cardiomyocytes from beta3-AR KO mice. CONCLUSIONS: beta3-AR are upregulated during sepsis in the human myocardium and by cytokines in murine cardiomyocytes, where they mediate an increased negative inotropic response to beta3 agonists. Activation of the beta3-AR pathway by catecholamines may contribute to the myocardial dysfunction in sepsis.     

利用互联网开展无偿献血宣传

<正>无偿献血是传承"人道、博爱、奉献"精神,倡导人类文明进步,共建和谐社会的具体体现,已成为社会性公益性事业,引起社会各界密切关注。通过建立无偿献血宣传网站,一是让更多的人了解无偿献血,并积极地参与无偿献血。二是建立血站与献血者之间相互信任、情感交流、沟通联系的平台。三是各地血站之间相互学习借鉴,更好     

Acidic and non-acidic reflux during sleep under conditions of powerful acid suppression

BACKGROUND: During sleep, individuals are uniquely vulnerable to acid reflux. Acid reflux during sleep has been studied by a number of investigators, but non-acid reflux is largely unexplored. METHODS: In this study, 15 individuals with significant subjective complaints of heartburn were treated with esomeprazole, 40 mg bid, and with placebo, in random order, for 1 week each. After 1 week of treatment, participants underwent combined impedence/pH monitoring and polysomnography. In both drug and placebo conditions, these procedures were done after participants consumed a meal designed to increase the likelihood of reflux events. RESULTS: Total reflux events and acid reflux events were significantly decreased with proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) treatment as compared to placebo. Nonacid reflux events were more common with PPI treatment as compared to placebo, but this result was not statistically significant. The ratio of non-acidic to acidic events was significantly greater with PPI treatment, however. Similar results were found for reflux events that occurred only during sleep. Proximal migration of acidic vs non-acidic reflux events was found to be similar. There was no difference in sleep architecture between placebo and drug conditions. CONCLUSION: PPI treatment reduced overall reflux events, but non-acidic reflux events were relatively more likely to occur with PPI treatment. The occurrence of these non-acidic reflux events on PPI might conceivably explain why some individuals continue to have symptoms after PPI treatment.     

Is Internet Information Adequate to Facilitate Surgical Decision-Making in Familial Adenomatous Polyposis?

Purpose Prophylactic surgery decisions are difficult. Supplemental information improves patients’ knowledge, promoting active participation in decision-making. Our objective was to examine internet information regarding prophylactic surgery for familial adenomatous polyposis to determine its adequacy in facilitating patient participation in surgical decision-making. Methods We searched the internet for information on surgery for familial adenomatous polyposis, using an intentionally simple strategy to represent patients’ searches. We examined the first 50 sites from each search, assessing each for content by using predefined criteria. Every site was evaluated by two investigators (kappa 0.71) by using the DISCERN criteria, a tool for evaluating quality of health information. Search-efficiency was calculated. Results Searches revealed 307,138 “hits”; 20 sites met inclusion criteria. GOOGLE™ demonstrated the highest search-efficiency (28 percent). Sites were maintained by general health pages (35 percent), hospitals (30 percent), professional organizations (15 percent), familial adenomatous polyposis registries (10 percent), and government (10 percent). Only 40 percent had been developed and/or updated within two years. Most included basic information regarding risk, symptoms, diagnosis, as well as discussion of familial adenomatous polyposis-associated diseases and surveillance (80–100 percent). Although 90 percent of sites presented surgical treatment options, only 60 percent provided details. Few provided information regarding postoperative bowel function (40 percent), sexual function (20 percent), or fertility (5 percent). Seven (35 percent) were identified as being of “good/excellent” quality. Only four were patient-oriented; variable information was provided. Conclusions Internet information regarding surgical treatment of familial adenomatous polyposis is sparse, and insufficient to support active patient participation in decision-making. Despite the time and financial commitment required, development of high-quality internet resources may be justified given the lack of adequate patient-oriented information currently available. Dr. Neuman is a research fellow of the Agency for Healthcare Quality and Research; this project was partially supported by grant number 5 T32 HS000066-13. Dr. Temple is supported in this project by a Career Development Award from the American Society of Clinical Oncology. Presented at the meeting of the Society for Medical Decision Making, Boston, Massachusetts, October 15 to 18, 2006. Reprints are not available.     

基于数据挖掘及网络药理学探讨韩斐教授治疗小儿过敏性鼻炎经验

目的 探讨韩斐教授治疗小儿过敏性鼻炎的临床用药规律以及核心药对的潜在作用机制.方法 收集2019年4月至2021年4月于中国中医科学院广安门医院韩斐教授门诊就诊的过敏性鼻炎患儿的初诊处方,建立处方数据库.采用用药频数统计及关联规则算法挖掘韩斐教授治疗小儿过敏性鼻炎的核心药对,并利用网络药理学方法对核心药对的作用机制进行...     

Cryptorchidism: the veracity of online information accessible to the public

Purpose

The objective of this study is to assess the quality of information regarding cryptorchidism using common Internet resources.

Methods

Five common search engines were queried with the string “cryptorchidism OR undescended testicle OR undescended testes OR retractile testes OR retractile testicle.” The first 30 sites retrieved via each engine were reviewed, and the content veracity of the following components was assessed independently by 2 pediatric urologists: natural history, diagnosis, treatment, complications, and long-term outcome. Components were scored 0 to 2 based on whether topics were addressed and in accordance with accepted practice patterns.

Results

Of the 124 of 150 links accessible, 84% were oriented toward laypeople. Only 43 (35%) had endorsement by a nonprofit accreditation organization, but 76 (61%) had affiliation with a medical institution/professional. Authors were mostly pediatric urologists/surgeons (36%) or unspecified (48%). Median total scores were only 16 of 44 primarily because of incomplete information rather than misinformation. High scoring components included natural history, surgical options, long-term outcomes for fertility, and malignancy. Components scoring poorly included future sexuality, imaging, hormonal use, and treatment complications. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that only accreditation status was associated with high quality (P = .05).

Conclusions

Online information, when available to the public, is generally of good quality. However, many Web sites fail to adequately address all aspects of the condition.