科室调整时"军卫一号"的数据转换

科室调整时。病人要随之分配到新的科室，病人的各种医疗数据要转换为新科室的数据。利用结构化查询语言，根据病人的调整情况，实施数据调整。这种数据转换方法，不但适用于新、老药品结构的“军卫一号”，而且其基本原理也适用于科室分开而护理单元不分开的情况。     

对构建特色医院文化的思考

21世纪的医院是文化的医院,21世纪医院的竞争是文化的竞争,谁能构建出具有特色的医院文化,谁就能赢得竞争主动权。构建特色医院文化,核心是形成共同的理想和精神支柱;关键是打造“学习型”医院组织;根本是树立以人为本、诚信求实的服务理念;目标是树立良好的医院形象;基础是加快医院信息化建设。     

组织工程学--21世纪面临的机遇与挑战

组织工程学是近20年来医学生命科学领域最具进展与挑战性的前沿科技领域之一,被誉为“一场意义深远的医学革命”、“再生医学的新时代”,标志着复制再生组织与器官的时代的来临!由于它具有修复创伤、重建功能、挽救生命、提高生存质量所特有的优势及巨大的社会、经济价值,而倍受国际学术界及各国政府的高度关注与支持。目前国际上组织工程皮肤、组织工程软骨已有产品面世,并得到美国FDA的批准,国际上已成立了近百家组织工程公司,我国多家大学、研究单位亦相继成立了组织工程研发中心或组织工程公司。目前不但可以构建组织工程化组织,而且复杂生命器官组织工程化构建亦已在国内外积极展开,同时,一些组织工程化组织已初步应用于临床并取得了可喜的临床疗效,显示出组织工程技术可喜的局面、巨大的生命力与宏伟的远景。然而,组织工程学是一门新兴学科,是跨领域、多学科参与合作的边缘学科,目前的工作仅仅是初始,还有大量基本科学问题尚待阐明,大量技术难题尚待攻克;光明与困难共存,机遇与挑战同在;应不失时机抓住机遇,开拓创新,迎接挑战,全力打造组织工程技术的新时代,使组织工程技术能够尽早造福于人类。     

Occupational irritant contact dermatitis and fungal infection in construction workers

We have examined 6 construction workers who developed chronic skin diseases on their hands over a period of 15 years (1970–1985). 4 developed a Trichophyton rubrum infection, and the other 2 an irritant contact dermatitis. All of them carried out jobs which caused traumatization of the skin, due to the presence of ethylene glycol and mineral oils during operation of pneumatic hammers in winter. They also suffered other types of skin trauma during their work. Construction workers may be at risk of developing an occupational skin disease involving fungal infection.     

Cancer risks associated with 10 inorganic dusts: results from a case-control study in Montreal

A multicancer site, multifactor case-control study was undertaken to generate hypotheses about possible occupational carcinogens. Probing interviews were carried out with eligible cases, comprising all incident cases of 20 types of cancer who were male, aged 35-70 years, and a resident in Montreal. The interview was designed to obtain detailed lifetime job histories and information on potential confounders. Each job history was reviewed by a team of chemists and industrial hygienists who translated it into a history of occupational exposures. These occupational exposures were then analyzed as potential risk factors in relation to the sites of cancer included; 3,726 cases were interviewed. For each site of cancer analyzed, controls were selected from among the other sites in the study. This report concerns the associations between the 12 main types of cancer in our series and 10 inorganic dusts that are found mainly in construction and metal industries. All site-exposure combinations were investigated. After intensive control for confounding, nonadenocarcinoma (NAC) of the lung was associated with long duration-high level exposure to silica (odds ratio [OR] = 1.4), excavation dust (OR = 1.9), concrete dust (OR = 2.5), abrasives dust (OR = 1.4), and alumina (OR = 1.5). It was difficult to disentangle the relative effects of those substances, and confounding among them was a distinct possibility. Although residual confounding by some uncontrolled factors may explain the elevated ORs, the results were compatible with the hypothesis of a nonspecific relation between NAC of the lung and respirable inorganic dusts as a class. Other associations that remained suggestive after in-depth analysis were silica and stomach cancer (OR = 1.2) and concrete dust and lymphoma (OR = 2.9).     

一体化医学语言系统中的循环等级关系

主要讨论了一体化医学语言系统(UMLS)超级叙词表中的循环等级关系和产生原因,及其识别和消除方法.     

Benefits of the DICOM Structured Report

Recently, the digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) standard introduced rules for the encoding, transmission, and storage of the imaging diagnostic report. This medical document can be stored and communicated with the images in picture archiving and communication system (PACS). It is a structured document that contains text with links to other data such as images, waveforms, and spatial or temporal coordinates. Its structure, along with its wide use of coded information, enables the semantic understanding of the data that is essential for the Electronic Healthcare Record deployment. In this article, we present DICOM Structured Report (SR) and discuss its benefits. We show how SR enables efficient radiology workflow, improves patient care, optimizes reimbursement, and enhances the radiology ergonomic working conditions. As structured input significantly alters the interpretation process, understanding all its benefits is necessary to support the change. Biography Rita Noumeir is a professor at the Department of Electrical Engineering of the University of Quebec, école de Technologie Superieure in Montreal. A founding member of the Imaging, Vision, and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (LIVIA), her main research interest is the Healthcare Information Technology, specifically, Interoperability, Electronic Patient Record, Security, Information Confidentiality, and Image Processing. As a member of both Technical and Planning International IHE Radiology Committees, Dr. Noumeir took part over the last 5 years in developing many Integrating the Healthcare Enterprise (IHE) Integration Profiles in Radiology and in organizing several Integration Demonstrations. She is a cofounder of IHE Canada. Dr. Noumeir contributed to many research and development projects in collaboration with several Canadian and international companies in medical imaging and healthcare information. Currently, she collaborates with the Diagnostic Imaging Team of Canada Health Infoway to define the principles and architecture for sharing imaging information between multiple healthcare institutions. She plays a leading role in the development of this solution that is published as an IHE Integration Profile for which she is the editor. Rita Noumeir holds a Ph.D. and a Masters degree in Biomedical Engineering from école Polytechnique of Montreal specializing in Medical Imaging. She is a professional engineer, and a member of the Ordre des ingénieurs du Québec.     

试论综合艺术教育本科专业建设

我国艺术素质教育的改革和专业建设涉及到研究生教育、本科教育和中小学教育等三个层面，目前本科建设是一个至关重要但较为薄弱的环节；分门别类艺术教育和综合艺术教育各有其不同的目标定位。二者之间的并存与互融成为一种历史的必然；综合艺术教育本科专业的建设可吸收借鉴历史的、现实的、外来的多种经验。研究生教育层面的艺术学学科理论与教育体系的确立。国家《全日制义务教育艺术教育课程标准》的出台及其实践等，可以说是本科综合艺术教育专业的上线与下线、催化剂和基础动力。     

An integrative psychophysiological approach to brain hemisphere functions in schizophrenia

The present paper proposes a new psychophysiological approach to the genesis of positive and negative schizophrenic symptoms. According to this approach, the initial factor in schizophrenic disorders is a functional insufficiency of the right hemisphere which can be determined by early emotional experience in combination with subtle brain damage. This functional insufficiency causes (a) the inability to grasp and select information before its realization; and (b) the inability to produce a polysemantic context which is crucial for creativity, psychological defense, and the restoration of search activity, all of which determine psychophysiological adaptation to the environment. Right hemisphere insufficiency causes left hemisphere hyperactivity as an ineffective attempt to compensate for this functional deficiency. As a result, normal search activity is replaced by artificial search activity which is represented by “positive” symptoms, and which uses the predisposition of the left hemisphere's catecholamine system for its increased activity. The suggestion is made that cognitive impairment in schizophrenia (the inability to use appropriate previous information in relation to current perceptual input) is related to the competition between information processing which requires left hemisphere activity, and the formation of positive symptoms, also based on left hemisphere activity.