全国5个不同地区乳香醋炙前后乙酸辛酯的含量变化

目的：测定并考察全国5个不同地区乳香醋炙前后乙酸辛酯的含量变化。方法：采用HP-6890气相色谱仪、FID检测器、毛细管色谱柱HPINNOWAX（30 m×0.53 mm×1.0μm）进行检测。色谱条件：进样口温度：230℃;柱程序升温：130℃（3 min）-30℃/min-200℃（4 min）;检测器温度：250℃;载气流速（N2）：6.3 mL/min;进样量：1.0μL。结果：5个不同地区的生乳香样品中乙酸辛酯的绝对含量均在1.02~1.22（mL/g,%）;醋炙品的含量均在1.00~1.20（mL/g,%）。结论：生乳香与醋炙乳香中乙酸辛酯的绝对含量相差较小,无明显变化。     

药动学计算系统的设计与开发

目的:设计与开发药动学计算系统.方法:利用WPF技术,采用Microsoft Visual Studio 2008为开发平台,C#为编程语言,SQL Server2005为数据库.结果:建立了生物等效性检验模块、Tmax,非参数检验模块、药动学数据拟合模块、权重直线回归功能模块、缓释制剂体内外相关性功能模块、作图功能模块、用户自定义函数计算模块等主要功能模块.本系统可进行参数拟合、回归分析以及生物利用度和生物等效性的计算等,并支持文件导出和打印功能,且其分析处理结果与国外软件或文献报道的处理结果极为相近.结论:本系统易学、易用、可靠、界面友好、维护方便,且具有较好的可扩充性.     

Cancer systems biology: signal processing for cancer research

In this editorial we introduce the research paradigms of signal processing in the era of systems biology.Signal processing is a field of science traditionally focused on modeling electronic and communications systems,but recently it has turned to biological applications with astounding results.The essence of signal processing is to describe the natural world by mathematical models and then,based on these models,develop efficient computational tools for solving engineering problems.Here,we underline,with exa...     

Spliceosome discards intermediates via the DEAH box ATPase Prp43p

To promote fidelity in nuclear pre-mRNA splicing, the spliceosome rejects and discards suboptimal substrates that have engaged the spliceosome. Whereas DExD/H box ATPases have been implicated in rejecting suboptimal substrates, the mechanism for discarding suboptimal substrates has remained obscure. Corroborating evidence that suboptimal, mutated lariat intermediates can be exported to the cytoplasm for turnover, we have found that the ribosome can translate mutated lariat intermediates. By glycerol gradient analysis, we have found that the spliceosome can dissociate mutated lariat intermediates in vivo in a manner that requires the DEAH box ATPase Prp43p. Through an in vitro assay, we demonstrate that Prp43p promotes the discard of suboptimal and optimal 5′ exon and lariat intermediates indiscriminately. Finally, we demonstrate a requirement for Prp43p in repressing splicing at a cryptic splice site. We propose a model for the fidelity of exon ligation in which the DEAH box ATPase Prp22p slows the flow of suboptimal intermediates through exon ligation and Prp43p generally promotes discard of intermediates, thereby establishing a pathway for turnover of stalled intermediates. Because Prp43p also promotes spliceosome disassembly after exon ligation, this work establishes a parallel between the discard of suboptimal intermediates and the dissociation of a genuine excised intron product.     

Nuclear location of an endogenously expressed antigen,EBNA1, restricts access to macroautophagy and the range of CD4 epitope display

Whereas exogenously acquired proteins are the major source of antigens feeding the MHC class II pathway in antigen-presenting cells, some endogenously expressed antigens also access that pathway but the rules governing such access are poorly understood. Here we address this using Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-coded nuclear antigen EBNA1, a protein naturally expressed in EBV-infected B lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) and a source of multiple CD4⁺ T cell epitopes. Using CD4⁺ T cell clones against three indicator epitopes, we find that two epitopes are weakly displayed on the LCL surface whereas the third is undetectable, a pattern of limited epitope presentation that is maintained even when nuclear expression of EBNA1 is induced to high supraphysiological levels. Inhibitor and siRNA studies show that, of the two epitopes weakly presented under these conditions, one involves macroautophagy, and the second involves antigen delivery to the MHC II pathway by another endogenous route. In contrast, when EBNA1 is expressed as a cytoplasmic protein, all three CD4 epitopes are processed and presented much more efficiently, and all involve macroautophagy. We conclude that EBNA1’s nuclear location limits its accessibility to the macroautophagy pathway and, in consequence, limits the level and range of EBNA1 CD4 epitopes naturally displayed on the infected cell surface.     

河南不同产地夏枯草的质量对比分析

目的 通过采用高效液相法测定河南不同产地夏枯草中熊果酸、齐墩果酸的含量来比较夏枯草质量的优劣,为夏枯草的质量控制方法提供一定的依据。方法测定熊果酸、齐墩果酸色谱备件为Betasil C18（250mm×4．6mm,5μm）;流动相：磷酸二氢钠缓冲液[取磷酸二氢钠7．8g加水至1000mL]-甲醇（14：86）;流速：0．8mL·min^-1;柱温：25℃;检测波长：210nm;结果熊果酸在0．554—5．34μg内线性关系良好,r=0．9997,平均回收率为97．45％,RSD为0．92％。齐墩果酸在0．28～2．24p,g内线性关系良好,r=0．9994,平均回收率为97．61％,RSD为0．87％。结论 该方法简单、准确并且专属性强;     

SYSMEX-SF3000血球计数仪在血小板计数中的漏检现象探讨及处理

目的 探讨SYSMEX-SF3000型血球计数仪在血小板(PLT)计数中的漏检现象与原因,以便及时进行处理.方法 同一份标本运用仪器计数与显微镜直接计数的结果相比较,同时对不同的大血小板比例(P-LCR)范围结果的组间结果进行统计学分析.结果 当P-LCR>40fl时,两种方法有显著差异(P<0.05),仪器结果明显低于显微镜法;P-LCR<30fl时,两种方法没有显著差异(P>0.05).且P-LCR越高,PLT计数结果相差越大,两者呈正相关.结论 当P-LCR>40fl时,引起大血小板聚集,在计数的过程中仪器将其作为小红细胞而未计入,结果会出现错计或漏计,此时应采用显微镜直接计数.     

广州市玻璃制品及宝石加工行业粉尘、噪声监督抽检结果

目的为了解和掌握广州市玻璃制品、宝石加工行业职业病危害的基本情况,加强职业卫生监督执法工作,为职业卫生监督管理工作提供科学依据。方法抽取广州市6个区玻璃制品宝石加工企业28家,检测其工作环境中粉尘、噪声等职业危害因素,并对企业进行职业病防治管理工作调查。结果防尘口罩和耳塞佩戴率：玻璃制品行业分别为12.03%和34.44%,宝石加工企业分别为37.50%和44.55%。企业工作场所总尘浓度超标以玻璃行业为主,TWA平均超标率24.62%,STEL平均超标率26.83%,均以SiO2浓度在10%～50%为主;噪声超标率：玻璃及宝石行业分别为59.6%和58.3%。结论应加强玻璃制品及宝石加工行业的职业卫生培训工作和工作环境职业危害因素的日常监测,同时督促企业尽快组织职业健康检查,建立健康监护档案。     

Dynamics of event-related causality in brain electrical activity

A new method (Event-Related Causality, ERC) is proposed for the investigation of functional interactions between brain regions during cognitive processing. ERC estimates the direction, intensity, spectral content, and temporal course of brain activity propagation within a cortical network. ERC is based upon the short-time directed transfer function (SDTF), which is measured in short EEG epochs during multiple trials of a cognitive task, as well as the direct directed transfer function (dDTF), which distinguishes direct interactions between brain regions from indirect interactions via brain regions. ERC uses new statistical methods for comparing estimates of causal interactions during prestimulus "baseline" epochs and during poststimulus "activated" epochs in order to estimate event-related increases and decreases in the functional interactions between cortical network components during cognitive tasks. The utility of the ERC approach is demonstrated through its application to human electrocorticographic recordings (ECoG) of a simple language task. ERC analyses of these ECoG recordings reveal frequency-dependent interactions, particularly in high gamma (>60 Hz) frequencies, between brain regions known to participate in the recorded language task, and the temporal evolution of these interactions is consistent with the putative processing stages of this task. The method may be a useful tool for investigating the dynamics of causal interactions between various brain regions during cognitive task performance.