98例女性异常染色体核型分析

对747例女性就诊者作染色体检查,发现异常核型98例。在18岁以下矮身材、原发闭经、自然流产及不孕妇女中的异常频率分别为33.8%、48.1%.10.1%和5.2%。本文还讨论了异常核型与临床症状之间的关系。     

Prenatal antiandrogen feminizes behavioral but not neurochemical response to estrogen

In ovariectomized female rats, estrogen activates high levels of female sexual behavior and induces an increase in the number of cholinergic muscarinic binding sites in the medial basal hypothalamus, an area known to regulate this behavior. Male rats normally show low levels of female sexual behavior and no alteration in muscarinic binding in response to estrogen treatment. An experiment was conducted to determine if a prenatal treatment that feminizes the sexual behavior of male rats would also establish the potential for estrogen to increase muscarinic binding in the male hypothalamus. Results indicate that prenatal exposure to the antiandrogen, flutamide, enhanced estrogen-activated female sexual behavior in male rats but failed to reverse the inability of estrogen to increase muscarinic binding in the medial basal hypothalamus.     

中西医结合治疗女性生殖道尖锐湿疣（附116例临床分析）

本文报告中西医结合治疗女性生殖尖锐湿疣116例，根据用药方法不同分3组：局部抗疣灵软膏治疗37例；抗疣灵加中药坐浴49例；抗疣灵加全身中药治疗30例。116例全部有效，治愈率83．76％，抗疣灵加全身中药治疗组治愈率93．3％。     

Estradiol increases the dendritic length of ventromedial hypothalamic neurons in female syrian hamsters

We examined the effects of ovarian hormones on dendritic architecture of neurons in the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus in female Syrian hamsters. Treatment with 10 μg of estradiol benzoate for two days, or estradiol benzoate for two days followed by an injection of 500 μg of progesterone, increased the total dendritic length of ventromedial nucleus neurons by almost 50% compared with neurons from the ventromedial nucleus of ovariectomized, oil-treated females. Neurons in a control region, the dorsomedial nucleus of the hypothalamus, were unaffected by these hormone treatments. These results demonstrate that steroids can induce changes in dendritic structure within 48 hr, suggesting that such morphological reconfiguration of hypothalamic neurons may underlie variations in behavior associated with the female's 4-day estrous cycle.     

轮丝蚋雌虫的补充描述（双翅目：蚋科）

本文补充描述了首次发现的轮丝蚋Simulium(Simulium)rotifilisChenetZhang,1998的雌成虫的形态特征并进行分类学的相关讨论。     

82例女阴营养不良的病理分析

本文对沂蒙山区８２例女阴营养不良作了病理分析，其中增生性营养不良占４５．１％，萎缩性营养不良为３７．８％，混合性营养不良１５．８％，癌变占１．２％。好发年龄在２１￣３０岁之间。镜下上皮组织有明显的营养不良改变，真皮层中的结缔组织、神经组织及皮肤附属器亦有不同程度的变性、萎缩和消失。这些均系血管改变的结果。主张采用１９７６年国际外阴疾病研究协会上通过的女阴营养不良的命名及其分类。     

女性原发性膀胱颈部梗阻的诊治体会

目的提高女性原发性膀胱颈部梗阻的诊治水平。方法68例患者，平均年龄56岁，病程平均3.8年。诊断方法以临床症状、尿动力学和膀胱镜检为主，辅以影像学和实验室检查。对逼尿肌压力正常或轻度升高者，行α受体阻滞剂治疗；对药物治疗效果不佳、膀胱镜检示膀胱颈后唇抬高、僵硬、狭窄、膀胱小梁小室形成者，行经尿道膀胱颈部电切术。结果本组12例（17．6％）α受体阻滞剂治疗有效，均为内括约肌痉挛者；56例行经尿道膀胱颈部电切，均为膀胱颈部纤维化或挛缩者。其中54例（96．4％）术后排尿症状明显改善，2例加服增强膀胱收缩力的药物。切除组织病理报告为膀胱颈纤维平滑肌增生，49例（87．5％）合并慢性炎症。随访6～36个月，平均23个月，排尿量216～460ml，平均380ml，最大尿流率（Qmax）16．5～25．6ml／s，平均20．6ml／s，剩余尿量12～100ml，平均28ml。结论女性原发性膀胱颈部梗阻多由膀胱颈纤维化或平滑肌增生引起。对α受体阻滞剂治疗无效并伴有膀胱颈部抬高或狭窄者，经尿道膀胱颈部电切术是一种安全而有效的治疗选择。     

职业接触二甲苯女工的抗6-TG外周血淋巴细胞突变率的检测

本文对３０名职业接触二甲苯女工（年龄３５岁以下，工龄９年以上）的外周血淋巴细胞进行了６－ＴＧｒ的检测，同时选择相同年龄段的非接触二甲苯的女工作对照。检测结果表明，接触组与对照组之间没有显著差异（ｐ＞０．０５），说明二甲苯不能诱发体细胞突变。     

慢性活动性肝炎肝穿刺病理检查的重要意义

通过对93例各类乙型病毒性肝炎(HBV)的肝穿活检,探讨此项检查对病毒性肝炎分型的诊断价值。尤其是对慢性活动性肝炎(CAH),在确定诊断方面有着重要的临床意义。此型病人临床可表现为各型肝炎,最后经肝穿活检才得以确诊,提高了CAH的确诊率。