正交空间样本选择在金银花多批醇沉过程中的应用

本研究探讨模型传递方法在金银花醇沉过程中的适用性.在金银花醇沉过程中,以高效液相色谱法(HPLC)为对照分析方法,测定提取液中绿原酸的含量,分别运用iPLS算法、SPLS算法和模型更新(MU)建立绿原酸的NIR定量校正模型,检测另外两个批次金银花醇沉过程中绿原酸的含量变化.为使选择的样本更具代表性,本研究在OSC的基础上提出了一种新的样本选择方法--正交空间样本选择(OS),并与常用的K-S法进行了对比.结果表明,采用模型更新可以实现定量校正模型在不同的批次之间稳健传递.且用OS法选择更新样本能够明显提高模型预测的准确性和稳健性.     

Alcohol-induced alterations of the hepatocyte cytoskeleton

The hepatocyte cytoskeleton consists of three fi lamentous networks: microtubules, actin microfi laments and keratin intermediate filaments. Because of the abundance of the proteins that comprise each system and the central role each network plays in a variety of cellular processes, the three fi lament systems have been the focus of a host of studies aimed at understanding the progression of alcohol-induced liver injury. In this review, we will briefly discuss the hepatic organization of each cytoskeletal n...     

Ablative Technologies in the Management of Patients with Primary and Secondary Liver Cancer: An Overview

Interventional ablative technologies have played an increasingly important role in the management of patients with primary or secondary liver malignancies. Ethanol and acetic acid ablation were the primary modalities available 2 decades ago. Today, several new technologies are available, including radiofrequency ablation, cryoablation, and microwave ablation. Radiofrequency ablation is the most widely practiced, however, cryoablation and microwave ablation are reasonable choices in certain situations. Irreversible electroporation is a newer technique, which has yet to enter clinical practice, but shows promising preliminary results. Herein, we provide a brief overview of the above-mentioned technologies with a focus on principles of ablation and technique. We also describe the use of these techniques in the context of cytoreduction, a noncurative approach aimed at reducing the overall tumour burden and providing concomitant survival benefit.     

乙醇对家兔脑组织中生化指标的影响及其意义

目的探讨乙醇对家兔脑组织T生化指标的影响及意义。方法将家兔随机分为3个染毒剂量组,用45%的乙醇染毒,并对染毒后脑组织脂质过氧化指标、ATP酶活力进行测定与分析。结果与对照组比较,高、中剂量染毒组超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、丙二醛(MDA)浓度均显著增高,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05,P0.01),同时Na+-K+-ATP酶活力、Ca2+-Mg2+-ATP酶活力均显著降低,差异亦具有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论脑组织脂质过氧化增强、ATP酶活力降低,可能是乙醇引起家兔中枢神经系统功能紊乱的生化机制之一。     

MK-801 administration during neonatal ethanol withdrawal attenuates interpositus cell loss and juvenile eyeblink conditioning deficits

Binge-level doses of ethanol have been demonstrated to severely disrupt the cerebellum and cerebellum-dependent tasks when administered to rodent subjects during the early postnatal period. N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor-mediated excitotoxicity associated with ethanol withdrawal has been implicated as a significant component contributing to neurotoxic effects resulting from early ethanol exposure, and studies using MK-801 (dizocilpine) have reported protection from ethanol-induced damage. The present study examined whether the administration of MK-801 during ethanol withdrawal would ameliorate ethanol-associated cell death in the interpositus nucleus of the cerebellum and behavioral deficits in a cerebellar dependent task. Long Evans rat pups were treated with ethanol (5.25 g/kg) in a binge-like manner on postnatal day 6 using intragastric intubation. Subjects then received an injection of MK-801 (0.5 mg/kg) or vehicle during withdrawal, 30 h after ethanol exposure. Rats were then trained on an eyeblink classical conditioning task as juveniles (40 days of age), and cerebellar interpositus nucleus numbers were assessed after conditioning. Ethanol-exposed subjects exhibited reductions in neuronal populations and behavioral deficits during eyeblink conditioning. However, MK-801 administration significantly attenuated observed deficiencies, suggesting a protective effect resulting from MK-801 treatment during ethanol withdrawal. These results support the role of NMDA receptor-mediated excitotoxicity as a component mechanism by which ethanol produces teratogenicity. Additionally, our findings support previous reports that have shown correlations between dependent measures of eyeblink classical-conditioning behavior and unbiased cell counts in the interpositus nucleus.     

Estimation of blood alcohol concentration by horizontal attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

Numerous methods like distillation followed by iodometric titrations, gas chromatograph (GC)-flame ionization detector, gas chromatograph-mass spectrophotometer, GC-Headspace, Breath analyzer, and biosensors including alcohol dehydrogenase (enzymatic) have been used to determine blood alcohol concentration (BAC). In the present study, horizontal attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy had been used to determine BAC in whole blood. The asymmetric stretching frequency of C-C-O group of ethanol in water (1,045 cm⁻¹) had been used to calculate BAC using Beer's Law. A seven-point calibration curve of ethanol was drawn in the concentration range 24-790 mg dL⁻¹. The curve showed good linearity over the concentration range used (r² = 0.999, standard deviation = 0.0023). The method is accurate, reproducible, rapid, simple, and nondestructive in nature.     

钉螺线粒体基因组DNA提取方法的优化及比较

目的优化提取钉螺线粒体基因组DNA(mt DNA)的方法。方法应用高温裂解、蛋白酶K变温消化和醋酸钾纯化对传统的高盐沉淀法进行优化,并将优化的高盐沉淀法与蔗糖密度梯度离心法、传统的高盐沉淀法进行比较。用紫外分光光度计、琼脂糖凝胶电泳和线粒体COX1基因PCR扩增产物鉴定提取的mt DNA,并用核ITS基因PCR扩增产物检测有无核DNA污染。结果优化的高盐沉淀法获得的mt DNA浓度和产量较高,差异有统计学意义(F=3 032.65、10185.00,P均0.01)。用凝胶电泳检测后未发现核DNA与蛋白质污染,质量可满足于PCR、测序等分子生物学研究。结论优化的高盐沉淀法简易高效,成本低,获得的mt DNA能满足相关分析要求。     

拔牙位点保存用复合温敏凝胶的构建及体外表征

目的:制备多壁碳纳米管/羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖复合温敏凝胶,探讨其作为拔牙位点保存材料的理化性能。方法:采用原位沉积方法制备多壁碳纳米管/羟基磷灰石(MWNT/ HA简称HAC)复合无机材料,将其分散至壳聚糖温敏凝胶中,制备壳聚糖/多壁碳纳米管/羟基磷灰石(CS /MWNT/HA简称CS/HAC)复合温敏凝胶,以成胶时间、孔径、孔隙率、机械强度及降解性能为指标优化配方设计,并表征复合温敏凝胶的微观形貌及理化性能。结果:以10 g/L的HAC作为补强成分加入到壳聚糖溶液中,能够在不影响成胶并保证一定孔隙率(84%)的前提下,提高材料的机械性能(抗压强度0.441 MPa),所获复合温敏凝胶具有适宜的临床操作时间(12 min),并具有可控的降解速率。结论:负载HAC的复合温敏凝胶具有良好的成型性,并具有较好的机械性能,在拔牙位点保存领域具有良好的应用前景。     

无水乙醇血管内治疗所致重大心肺并发症的研究现状与焦点问题

无水乙醇血管内治疗是目前针对颅外脉管畸形最有效的治疗方法,心肺衰竭是其最严重的致死性并发症,也是阻碍该技术开展的重要原因。目前,对于该技术导致的心肺衰竭的临床特点及发生机制尚存争议。我们回顾现有文献中涉及的可能的发生机制,如肺动脉高压、肺血栓、心脏抑制等,关注其发病特点、发生时机、无水乙醇用量、发生预测、预防措施等焦点问题,对上述内容进行系统性综述。