LACTOSE MALABSORPTION IN ETHIOPIAN CHILDREN

Oral lactose tolerance test was performed on 183 Ethiopian and 28 Caucasian children resident in Ethiopia. A study of various sampling time intervals during the lactose tolerance test indiaated that the fasting and 40 min samples were sufficient and the most suited for large incidence studies. The incidence of lactose malabsorption amongst Ethiopian children was found to be 80%, being 61.5% in the under 1 year age group and 89.7% in the older children (7–13 years). An unexpected finding was the high incidence of 25% amongst Caucasian children (mainly Scandinavians). Altered intestinal bacterial flora and/or repeated gastrointestinal infections and prolonged reduced intake of milk are offered as possible factors for the high incidence. Milk consumption in normal quantities (250 ml) by a school population of malabsorbers gave rise toabdominal symptoms“in some but this rapidly abated by 4 weeks to reach the preconsumption level. This preliminary observation, if confirmed, should encourage the use of milk as a valuable source of supplementary food in communities where protein calorie malnutrition is widespread.     

The influence of ritodrine on glucose and insulin blood levels after oral glucose loading in the last three months of normal pregnancy

By a t-test for paired observations the influence of ritodrine, a β-sympathicomimetic drug which is administered as a tocolytic, on the blood glucose concentrations and the insulin secretion of women in their last 3 months of pregnancy, whose metabolism was normal, was demonstrated by means of the oral glucose tolerance test. Upon administration of ritodrine, the insulin levels as well as the mean glucose values significantly exceed the results obtained from the standard glucose tolerance test. In 12 out of 21 patients abnormally high blood glucose levels were encountered following additional administration of ritodrine.     

Geospatial patterns of access to self-care resources for obesity among endometrial cancer survivors in a high poverty urban community

Objective

To examine endometrial cancer survivors' access to recommended obesity-related self-care resources.

阻断共刺激通路诱导产生免疫无能状态

目的 探讨同时阻断CD40／CDl54和B7／CD28共刺激通路能否诱导产生免疫无能状态以及无能状态的逆转条件。方法 以C3H小鼠脾细胞为刺激细胞，BALB／c小鼠脾细胞为反应细胞，C57BL／6J小鼠脾细胞为第三方细胞，在体外双向混合淋巴细胞培养中加入不同浓度的抗CDl54和抗CD80单克隆抗体，诱导产生无能细胞。在无能细胞中分别加入经7射线照射后的C3H小鼠或C57BL／6J小鼠脾细胞，或者直接加入不同浓度重组小鼠白细胞介素2(nmIL-2)，或者同时加入经7射线照射后的C3H小鼠细胞和不同浓度的mnIL-2刺激，观察无能状态的逆转情况。结果 联合应用抗CDl54和抗CD80单克隆抗体能显著抑制体外双向混合淋巴细胞培养反应的细胞增殖；第三方刺激细胞能够逆转无能细胞的无能状态；单纯加入nmIL-2或C3H小鼠细胞再次刺激不能逆转无能状态，而只有同时加入C3H小鼠细胞和nmIL-2刺激才能逆转无能细胞的无能状态。结论 同时阻断CD40／CDl54和B7／CD28通路能诱导产生抗原特异性的免疫无能状态，而且只有同时给予抗原和外源性IL-2再次刺激才能逆转这种无能状态。     

The Role of Regulatory Cells in Miniature Swine Rendered Tolerant to Cardiac Allografts by Donor Kidney Cotransplantation

To determine the mechanism by which cotransplantation of a kidney allograft induces tolerance to a donor heart in miniature swine, we examined the role of CD25⁺ cells in heart/kidney recipients. Tolerance was induced to class‐I MHC mismatched hearts by cotransplanting a donor‐specific kidney with a 12‐day course of cyclosporine. Peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) were isolated from tolerant heart/kidney recipients and used in cell‐mediated lympholysis (CML) coculture assays as either unmodified PBL, PBL enriched for CD25⁺ cells or PBL depleted of CD25⁺ cells to assess their ability to suppress CML responses of naïve recipient‐matched leukocytes against mismatched target cells. Primed PBL from tolerant heart/kidney recipients completely suppressed lysis by naïve cells. Complete suppression of the response of naïve recipient‐matched leukocytes against donor‐matched target cells was lost following the depletion of CD25⁺ cells from tolerant heart/kidney animal PBL, but it was reestablished by incubation of naïve cells with small populations of CD25⁺ cells from tolerant heart/kidney animals. These data suggest that peripheral blood from tolerant heart/kidney recipients contains regulatory cells that, upon priming, can suppress the response of naïve‐matched PBL in coculture CML assays, and that suppression appears to be dependent on cells expressing CD25.     

西藏人参果对小鼠抗疲劳及抗缺氧能力的影响

人参果 ,学名蕨麻 ( Potentilla anserina L.) ,为蔷薇科委陵菜属植物之膨大块根 ,呈纺锤形或椭圆形 ,主要产于我国的青海、甘肃、西藏等高寒地带 [1 ]。它富含大量的淀粉、蛋白质、维生素和人体必需的多种氨基酸及微量元素 [2 ] ,营养价值高 ,深受当地人们的喜爱。人们习惯在重大节日及宴请客人时食用 ,并作为珍贵礼品送给产后妇女。在西藏 ,人参果资源极其丰富 ,是一种具有广阔开发前景的野生植物。为了探讨该食品的保健作用 ,我们对其抗疲劳、抗缺氧能力进行了初步实验。1　材　料　与　方　法1 .1　材料及分组　　人参果分别取自青海和…