瞳孔成形联合虹膜夹人工晶状体植入术治疗外伤性无晶状体眼疗效观察

目的 观察瞳孔成形联合虹膜夹人工晶状体植入术治疗外伤性无晶状体眼的疗效.方法 回顾性分析在我院采用瞳孔成形联合虹膜夹人工晶状体植入术治疗的外伤后无晶状体眼患者17例17眼的临床资料.观察术后视力、角膜内皮细胞计数、眼压、人工晶状体位置、瞳孔情况及术后并发症.结果 17例患者均顺利修补损伤虹膜,瞳孔成形后成功植入虹膜夹人工晶状体,未发生严重手术并发症,人工晶状体位置稳定.术后6个月裸眼视力(0.52 +0.17),较术前视力(0.04±0.02)及术前最佳矫正视力(0.44±0.13)提高.术后6个月角膜内皮细胞计数为(1993.88±127.24)个·mm-1,较术前(2178.88±132.61)个·mm-2减少(P＜0.05),但术后未发现角膜失代偿.术前眼压(15.91 ±2.73)mmHg(1 kPa=7.5 mmHg)与术后眼压(16.69±2.61) mmHg无明显差异(P＞0.05).术后瞳孔大小(4.4±0.2)mm较术前(5.5 +0.3)mm缩小(P＜0.05),患者术后无明显畏光、眩光、复视等不适症状.结论 瞳孔成形联合虹膜夹人工晶状体植入术是治疗外伤虹膜损伤并无有效晶状体囊膜支持的无晶状体眼的安全有效方法.     

下颌第三阻生牙拔除术并发症回顾性分析

目的探讨下颌第三阻生智齿拔除术术中和术后并发症的原因和防治方法。方法对2008年1月到2012年3月拔除的482例下颌第三阻生齿临床资料进行回顾性分析,对术中并发症和术中并发症进行分析,寻找阻生齿拔除术并发症的有效防治手段。结果术中发生断根25例,舌侧牙槽骨板折裂30例,牙龈撕裂16例,邻牙损伤5例。术后早期并发症425例,其中同时具备疼痛、肿胀和张口受限症状的患者253例,单纯疼痛者22例,疼痛伴张口受限者80例,疼痛伴肿胀者70例,后期并发症中出血20例,干槽症30例。局部感觉异常12例,间隙感染10例。结论阻生牙术前应拍曲面断层片,正确评估拔牙难度和阻力分析,选用涡轮钻法,动作轻柔,缩短拔牙时间,减少创伤,能预防并发症的发生。     

A method for enzymatic dissociation of cells from isolated pancreatic islets

Summary An enzymatic method for isolation of single cells from the islets of Langerhans is described. The isolated cells appeared well preserved and survived for at least 7 days when maintained in culture. The dry mass of the isolated islet cells was found to be decreased 30 min after administration of alloxan to obese-hyperglycemic mice. Isolated individual islet cells from obese-hyperglycemic mice had a higher dry mass than those from their lean litter mates. Traduzione a cura di G. U.     

中医肝脏生理与病理理论对于我国眼科学发展的意义

整体恒动观是中医核心理念。中医认为：肝主目;眼为五脏之精,肝为五脏之长;肝主疏泄,条畅情志;肝生血气,藏血藏魂;肝主血海、主谋略;肝生“相火”,萌发元阳;肝为将军之官,主攘外安内;肝主筋主动,为罴极之本;肝为泪。中医强调：百病从肝治;上医治未病;治病求本,以人为本。根据中医肝脏生理与病理理论,很多感染性与包括肿瘤的免疫性眼病、代谢性与退行性眼病、缺血性与出血性和血管增生性眼病、干眼症与全身病相关眼病都能够从根本上防治,减少甚至避免抗生素与免疫抑制剂等药物、激光与手术治疗,进而推动眼科医学模式变革,提高我国眼病防治科学水平。中医肝脏生理与病理理论能够对于我国以及世界眼科学的发展做出重大贡献。     

Toxic trace elements at gastrointestinal level

Many trace elements are considered essential [iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu)], whereas others may be harmful [lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As)], depending on their concentration and chemical form. In most cases, the diet is the main pathway by which they enter our organism. The presence of toxic trace elements in food has been known for a long time, and many of the food matrices that carry them have been identified. This has led to the appearance of legislation and recommendations concerning consumption. Given that the main route of exposure is oral, passage through the gastrointestinal tract plays a fundamental role in their entry into the organism, where they exert their toxic effect. Although the digestive system can be considered to be of crucial importance in their toxicity, in most cases we do not know the events that occur during the passage of these elements through the gastrointestinal tract and of ascertaining whether they may have some kind of toxic effect on it. The aim of this review is to summarize available information on this subject, concentrating on the toxic trace elements that are of greatest interest for organizations concerned with food safety and health: Pb, Cd, Hg and As.     

Proteomics of Drosophila Compound Eyes: Early Studies,Now, and the Future—Light-Induced Protein Phosphorylation as an Example

Abstract:

In the past three decades, efforts to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying photoreceptor transduction of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster experienced drastic waves of technological development that involve multiple areas of scientific disciplines; the multidisciplinary approach includes a classical genetic manipulation in which random mutations are created and phenotypes are screened, a modern genetics maneuver in which a specific gene relevant to a hypothesis is molecularly cloned and manipulated, and, more recently, direct studies of proteins by proteomics technologies in combination with modern molecular biology and electrophysiology. This paper will review efforts that originated three decades ago in Professor William L. Pak's laboratory at Purdue University to study proteins involved in the Drosophila photoreceptor transduction process and show the power of such multidisciplinary approach that involves collaboration between molecular genetics, electrophysiology, and proteomics.     

sox19b在斑马鱼胚胎眼睛发育中的作用

目的 通过抑制sox19b基因的表达,探讨sox19b基因在斑马鱼胚胎眼睛发育和形成中的作用。方法 通过显微注射sox19b 吗啉寡聚核苷酸（MO）抑制sox19b 基因的表达,观察胚胎发育过程中表型的变化;采用石蜡包埋组织切片及HE染色、RT-PCR和整封原位杂交等方法探讨敲除sox19b 后对斑马鱼胚胎眼睛发育的调控机制。 结果 敲除sox19b 基因后,斑马鱼胚胎眼睛发育受到影响,表现为眼睛变小或缺失,视网膜及晶状体结构发育异常(n =57/93);眼睛发育过程中重要调控基因 rx3、pax2a及 vsx2 等表达明显降低,进而影响眼睛的发育和形成。 结论 sox19b 基因作为转录调控因子,可以通过调节眼区转录因子的表达进而影响斑马鱼胚胎早期眼睛的发育和形成。     

Blindness associated with platelet-rich plasma temporomandibular joint injections

This case report highlights an ocular complication associated with platelet-rich plasma temporomandibular joint injections. This pioneering treatment can risk irreversible visual loss. This case highlights the importance of an experienced technique, in depth understanding of facial anatomy, and promptly recognising and referring the patient to a specialist to manage the complication should it arise.     

Metabolomics comparison of cord and peripheral blood-derived serum eye drops for the treatment of dry eye disease

Allogeneic peripheral blood-derived (PBS) serum eye drops have been largely used in the treatment of dry eye disease (DED). Recently, cord blood has emerged as an effective alternative serum source (cord blood serum, CBS), containing a higher amount of growth factors than PBS, it holds the promise of a better capability to stimulate corneal healing. However, the lack of a standardized method for preparation, dispensation, storage and a poor biochemical characterization still hamper the establishment of a clinical consensus. Here the metabolomes of the two different serum eye drop preparations were compared using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We found that both PBS and CBS contained several organic compounds, the majority of them already detected in human tears and may be thereby considered lacrimal substitutes. Metabolites having in the multivariate statistical analysis Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) a VIP scores > 1.0 were considered to be significantly different. All the metabolites identified were found to have a p < 0.05 in the univariate analysis. CBS, in particular, showed the highest amount of choline, myo-inositol, glutamine, creatine and β-hydroxybutyrate. These evidences constitute relevant advances towards serum eye drops characterization and confirm that cord blood is a valid alternative source of serum eye drops.