Evidence that the enhancement of dopamine function by repeated electroconvulsive shock requires concomitant activation of D1-like and D2-like dopamine receptors

In this study, the behavioural response to dopamine D₁-like receptor agonists (SKF 38393, SKF 81297 and SKF 77434) and D₂-like receptor agonists (quinpirole and RU 24213), administered alone and in combination to rats treated repeatedly with electroconvulsive shock (five ECS over 10 days) or sham, was tested. Agonist-induced behaviour was monitored by automated activity meters and direct observation using a checklist scoring method. Repeated ECS (compared to sham controls) had no significant effect on the behavioural response to SKF 38393 (7.5 mg/kg SC), SKF 81297 (0.2 mg/kg SC), SKF 77434 (0.1 mg/kg SC), quinpirole (0.1 and 0.25 mg/kg SC) or RU 24213 (0.3 mg/kg SC), when administered alone. In contrast, repeated ECS markedly increased locomotion (activity counts and scores) induced by the non-selective dopamine agonist apomorphine (0.5 mg/kg SC) and by co-administration of a D₁-like agonist plus a D₂-like agonist [SKF 38393 (7.5 mg/kg SC) plus quinpirole (0.25 mg/kg SC), SKF 81297 (0.2 mg/kg SC) plus quinpirole (0.1 mg/kg SC), and SKF 77434 (0.1 mg/ kg SC) plus RU 24213 (0.3 mg/kg SC)]. This ECS-induced enhancement of dopamine-mediated behaviour was observed for up to 3 weeks after cessation of ECS treatment. In addition, ECS also enhanced the locomotor response to intra-accumbens SKF 38393 plus quinpirole (0.4 and 1.0 μg/side, respectively). These results provide evidence that the enhancement of dopamine function by repeated ECS requires concomitant stimulation of both D₁-like and D₂-like receptors, and that this effect is long-lasting. Received: 24 January 1997 /Final version: 5 March 1997     

Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial evaluating the treatment of plantar fasciitis with an extracoporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) device: a North American confirmatory study.

Despite numerous publications and clinical trials, the results of treatment of recalcitrant chronic plantar fasciitis with extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) still remain equivocal as to whether or not this treatment provides relief from the pain associated with this condition. The objective of this study was to determine whether extracorporeal shock wave therapy can safely and effectively relieve the pain associated with chronic plantar fasciitis compared to placebo treatment, as demonstrated by pain with walking in the morning. This was set in a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, confirmatory clinical study undertaken in four outpatient orthopedic clinics. The patients, 114 adult subjects with chronic plantar fasciitis, recalcitrant to conservative therapies for at least 6 months, were randomized to two groups. Treatment consisted of approximately 3,800 total shock waves (+/-10) reaching an approximated total energy delivery of 1,300 mJ/mm(2) (ED+) in a single session versus placebo treatment. This study demonstrated a statistically significant difference between treatment groups in the change from baseline to 3 months in the primary efficacy outcome of pain during the first few minutes of walking measured by a visual analog scale. There was also a statistically significant difference between treatments in the number of participants whose changes in Visual Analog Scale scores met the study definition of success at both 6 weeks and 3 months posttreatment; and between treatment groups in the change from baseline to 3 months posttreatment in the Roles and Maudsley Score. The results of this study confirm that ESWT administered with the Dornier Epos Ultra is a safe and effective treatment for recalcitrant plantar fasciitis.     

肝脏移植后的免疫损伤与热休克蛋白的表达

目的 探讨肝脏移植后的免疫损伤与几种主要分子伴侣(热休克蛋白)表达状况之间的内在规律。方法 34份移植后肝脏穿刺标本和10份正常肝脏标本，分为A(无排斥反应)组、B(轻／中度急性排斥反应)组、C(重度急性排斥反应)组、D(慢性排斥反应／肝纤维化)组、E(对照)组。进行HSP60、HSP70、HSP90、HO—1等四种分子伴侣免疫组织化学分析和图像分析。结果 B和C组各指标间无统计学差异，A、D、E与B、C组间有统计学差异。HSP60在移植肝脏中表达降低，排斥反应发生时高；HSP70和HSP90在移植肝脏中升高。HO—1肝脏移植后升高。结论 不同种类的热休克蛋白依据自身表达的特点对移植后的免疫损伤作出反应，体现了细胞的自我保护机制。     

体表电位标测微机系统(Ⅰ型)

本系统的107个电极中,103个分布于胸、背部,1个为参考电极,1个为V_3,其余用于肢导。本系统除能绘出2、4、8ms任意间隔的103通道同步的体表等电位图,常规12导联和V_(7 9)心电图,胸、背部位的心电图外,还可记录R峰值等电位图,∑R,Q波等电位图,nQ30、40,极大、极小轨迹图等。     

Lithium increases slow wave sleep: possible mediation by brain 5-HT2 receptors?

The effect of lithium on slow wave sleep (SWS) was studied in ten normal male volunteers using home based cassette sleep recording and automatic sleep stage analysis. Lithium increased SWS, an effect consisten with a reduction in brain 5-HT₂ receptor function.     

纳洛酮与山莨菪碱、躯体刺激对内毒素休克狗血流动力学影响的比较

静脉给予纳洛酮2mg/kg期间可使内毒素休克狗的平均动脉压(MAP)、左心室收缩压(LVSP)及其一阶导数(±dp/dt max)和心力环面积(CFU)增加,但对肾血流量(RBF)、尿量及20h的存活率无明显影响。将本实验结果与山莨菪碱、躯体刺激效应进行比较,表明三者中山莨菪碱对休克动物的循环改善作用最明显。     

Protective role of estradiol in extremal states

Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Radiobiology, Medico-Biological Faculty, Russian National Medical University, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences P. V. Sergeev.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol, 114, No. 11, pp, 497–500, November, 1992.     

噻庚啶对失血性休克兔血浆SOD活性和MDA含量的影响

３０只免随机分为噻庚啶治疗组和空白对照组各１５只。颈动脉放血至血压５．３ｋＰａ，维持９０ｍｉｎ，复制失血性休克模型。于输血输液（对照组）和给药（噻庚啶１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ）后３０ｍｉｎ分别由颈动脉采取血样，测定血ＳＯＤ活性和血清ＭＤＡ含量。结果显示，噻庚啶明显地升高ＳＯＤ活性（Ｐ＜０．０１），降低ＭＤＡ含量（Ｐ＜０．０１）。氧自由基在休克的发生发展过程中起着重要作用，巴庚啶能够清除氧自由基，进而减轻细胞损伤和多器官功能衰竭，是其抗休克作用机理之一。     

R波相关振动法血压测量

为了提高振地血压测量的准确性，提出了一咱基于心电Ｒ波与血压振动波之间相关性，识别振动信号的一种抗干扰方法＝－Ｒ波相关法，结合振动波形特征识别，该方法可有效地提取信号，消除干扰影响，该算法已在１６位８０９８单片机上实现，本文同时给出了程序的详细流程图。