柴胡疏肝散联合四君子汤治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎的临床效果

目的研究柴胡疏肝散联合四君子汤治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎(CAG)的临床效果。方法将2014年10月至2019年10月于我院治疗的96例CAG患者随机分为对照组和研究组,各48例。对照组给予柴胡疏肝散治疗,研究组在对照组基础上加用四君子汤治疗。比较两组患者的临床疗效、Hp根除率、胃镜病理检查评分、症状积分及生活质量。结果研究组治疗总有效率及Hp根除率明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组胃镜病理检查评分、主要症状积分和次要症状积分均降低,GQOL-74各项评分均提高,且研究组显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论柴胡疏肝散联合四君子汤治疗CAG可显著改善患者胃部病理状态和临床症状,提高临床疗效、Hp根除率和患者生活质量,值得临床推广应用。     

RNA Biomarker Release with Ultrasound and Phase-Change Nanodroplets

Microbubbles driven by ultrasound are capable of permeabilizing cell membranes and allowing biomarkers or therapeutics to exit from or enter cancer cells, respectively. Unfortunately, the relatively large size of microbubbles prevents extravasation. Lipid-based perfluorobutane microbubbles can be made seven-fold smaller by pressurization, creating 430-nm nanodroplets. The present study compares microbubbles and nanodroplets with respect to their ability to enhance miR-21 and mammaglobin mRNA release from cultured ZR-75-1 cells. Mammaglobin mRNA and miR-21 release increased with escalating concentrations of nanodroplets up to, respectively, 25- and 42-fold with 2% nanodroplets (v/v), compared with pre-ultrasound levels, whereas cell viability decreased to 62.4%. Sonication of ZR-75-1 cells incubated with microbubbles or nanodroplets caused relatively similar levels of cell death and miR-21 release, suggesting that nanodroplets are similar to microbubbles in enhancing cell permeability, but may be more advantageous because of their smaller size, which may allow extravasation through leaky tumor vasculature.     

Monitoring Medication Adherence by Unannounced Pill Counts Conducted by Telephone: Reliability and Criterion-Related Validity

Abstract

Background: Although demonstrated valid for monitoring medication adherence, unannounced pill counts conducted in patients’ homes are costly and logistically challenging. Telephone-based unannounced pill counts offer a promising adaptation that resolves most of the limitations of home-based pill counting. Purpose: We tested the reliability and criterion-related validity of a telephone-based unannounced pill count assessment of antiretroviral adherence. Method: HIV-positive men and women (N = 89) in Atlanta, Georgia, completed a telephone-based unannounced pill count and provided contemporaneous blood specimens to obtain viral loads; 68 participants also received an immediate second pill count conducted during an unannounced home visit. Results: A high degree of concordance was observed between the number of pills counted on the telephone and in the home (intraclass correlation [ICC] = .981, p < .001) and percent of pills taken (ICC = .987, p < .001). Adherence obtained by the telephone count and home count reached 92% agreement (Kappa coefficient = .94). Adherence determined by telephone-based pill counts also corresponded with patient viral load, providing evidence for criterion-related validity. Conclusion: Unannounced telephone-based pill counts offer a feasible objective method for monitoring medication adherence.     

IDH1 mutation detection by droplet digital PCR in glioma

Glioma is the most frequent central nervous system tumor in adults. The overall survival of glioma patients is disappointing, mostly due to the poor prognosis of glioblastoma (Grade IV glioma). Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) is a key factor in metabolism and catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate. Mutations in IDH genes are observed in over 70% of low-grade gliomas and some cases of glioblastoma. As the most frequent mutation, IDH1(R132H) has been served as a predictive marker of glioma patients. The recently developed droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) technique generates a large amount of nanoliter-sized droplets, each of which carries out a PCR reaction on one template. Therefore, ddPCR provides high precision and absolute quantification of the nucleic acid target, with wide applications for both research and clinical diagnosis. In the current study, we collected 62 glioma tissue samples (Grade II to IV) and detected IDH1 mutations by Sanger direct sequencing, ddPCR, and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). With the results from Sanger direct sequencing as the standard, the characteristics of ddPCR were compared with qRT-PCR. The data indicated that ddPCR was much more sensitive and much easier to interpret than qRT-PCR. Thus, we demonstrated that ddPCR is a reliable and sensitive method for screening the IDH mutation. Therefore, ddPCR is able to applied clinically in predicting patient prognosis and selecting effective therapeutic strategies. Our data also supported that the prognosis of Grade II and III glioma was better in patients with an IDH mutation than in those without mutation.     

Cidea is associated with lipid droplets and insulin sensitivity in humans

Storage of energy as triglyceride in large adipose-specific lipid droplets is a fundamental need in all mammals. Efficient sequestration of fat in adipocytes also prevents fatty acid overload in skeletal muscle and liver, which can impair insulin signaling. Here we report that the Cide domain-containing protein Cidea, previously thought to be a mitochondrial protein, colocalizes around lipid droplets with perilipin, a regulator of lipolysis. Cidea-GFP greatly enhances lipid droplet size when ectopically expressed in preadipocytes or COS cells. These results explain previous findings showing that depletion of Cidea with RNAi markedly elevates lipolysis in human adipocytes. Like perilipin, Cidea and the related lipid droplet protein Cidec/FSP27 are controlled by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma). Treatment of lean or obese mice with the PPARgamma agonist rosiglitazone markedly up-regulates Cidea expression in white adipose tissue (WAT), increasing lipid deposition. Strikingly, in both omental and s.c. WAT from BMI-matched obese humans, expression of Cidea, Cidec/FSP27, and perilipin correlates positively with insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR index). Thus, Cidea and other lipid droplet proteins define a novel, highly regulated pathway of triglyceride deposition in human WAT. The data support a model whereby failure of this pathway results in ectopic lipid accumulation, insulin resistance, and its associated comorbidities in humans.     

舒脑欣滴丸治疗血虚血瘀型慢性脑供血不足的临床观察

[目的] 研究舒脑欣滴丸对血虚血瘀型慢性脑供血不足的临床疗效。[方法] 将100例符合纳入标准的慢性脑供血不足患者随机分为两组,治疗组(舒脑欣滴丸)50例、对照组(尼莫地平)50例。治疗4周后观察证候评分、经颅多普勒(TCD)、血流变的变化。[结果] 1)中医症状评分及疗效上,两组脑供血不足中医症状评分均明显低于治疗前(均P<0.05),治疗组总有效率显着高于对照组(P<0.05).两组失眠症状评分均明显低于治疗前(P<0.05),治疗组总有效率显着高于对照组(P<0.05).2)脑血流改善方面,经颅多普勒结果检测治疗组双侧大脑中动脉(MCA)及双侧基底动脉(BA)治疗后搏动指数(PI)降低,与治疗前比较有统计学差异(P<0.05),且治疗组左侧大脑中动脉(LMCA)及双侧基底动脉(BA)的搏动指数(PI)与对照组比较亦有统计学差异(P<0.05).血流速度增快两组间比较,对照组有效率高于治疗组,有统计学差异(P<0.05);血流速度减慢两组间比较无统计学意义(P>0.05).[结论] 舒脑欣滴丸可明显改善血虚血瘀型慢性脑供血不足患者临床症状,能够双向调节脑血流速度,提高血管顺应性,提高脑灌注。     

HPLC测定六味丁香丸中的土木香内酯

目的采用RP-HPLC法测定六味丁香丸中的土木香内酯。方法采用EClipse XDB-C18色谱柱,乙腈-0.05%磷酸溶液(50∶50)为流动相,柱温40℃,流速1.0 m L·min-1,检测波长194 nm。结果土木香内酯0.293~3.51μg与峰面积的线性关系良好(r=0.9999),平均加样回收率为98.74%,RSD=0.57%(n=6)。结论所用方法准确、简便、灵敏、可靠,可用于六味丁香丸的质量控制。     

复方川芎滴丸制备工艺再探讨

目的优选复方川芎滴丸的最佳制备工艺。方法以药物与基质的配比、滴制温度、冷却液的温度为考察因素,采用正交试验设计,以滴丸的圆整度、丸重差异、溶散时限、外观质量的综合评分为评价指标,优选滴丸的成型工艺;以滴距、滴速为考察因素,优选最佳滴制工艺。结果滴丸制备的最佳条件为药物中间体与基质配比12,滴制温度80℃,冷却剂温度15~20℃,滴距5cm,滴速40gtt/min。结论该制备工艺合理,简便,易于控制,适用于本制剂的制备。     

Efficacy and safety of Xihuang pill for gastric cancer: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:Xihuang pill has been widely applied as a promising adjunctive drug for gastric cance. However, the exact effects and safety of Xihuang pill have yet to be systematically investigated. We aimed to summarize the effificacy and safety of Xihuang pill for the treatment of advanced GC through the meta-analysis, in order to provide scientific reference for the design of future clinical trials.Methods:The protocol followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols. Relevant randomized controlled trials were searched from PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, Chinese Science and echnology Periodical Database, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database. Papers in English or Chinese published from their inception to October 2020 will be included without any restrictions. Cochrane Risk of Bias tool will be used to assess the risk of bias of included studies. The RevMan 5.4 and Stata 16.0 software will be applied for statistical analyses. Statistical heterogeneity will be computed by I² tests. Sensitivity analysis will be conducted to evaluate the stability of the results. The publication bias will be evaluated by funnel plots and Egger test. The quality of evidence will be assessed by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluate system.Results:The results of our research will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.Conclusion:The conclusion of this study will provide helpful evidence of the effect and safety of Xihuang pill for the treatment of GC in clinical practice.OSF registration number:10.17605/OSF.IO/VFJAK.