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71.
采用模拟在人体中使用的实测超声剂量,对体外培养的L-929株细胞进行辐照,通过细胞回复能力试验,观察回复前后的细胞增殖与抑制。对体外培养的人胚肺纤维细胞经1次及5次辐照,观察了DNA及细胞核面积的影响。并通过电镜观察了细胞超微结构的变化。上述实验结果,均提示经辐照后细胞有增殖趋向 相似文献
72.
The cellular and regional distribution of glutathione (GSH) and GSH-related enzyme systems involved in cellular defense against reactive oxygen species and electrophilic xenobiotics in the nervous system has been extensively studied. However, little is known about the subcellular distribution of GSH systems in brain tissue and cultured neural cells. The present study investigates the distribution of mitochondrial and cytosolic GSH and GSH-related enzymes in cultured cerebellar astrocytes and granule cells, and compares them with levels in the adult rat cerebellum. Cytosolic GSH levels and cytosolic activities of glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in astrocytes were 57, 153, 245, and 92% higher than those found in granule cells, respectively. In contrast, granule cells contained significantly higher mitochondrial GSH levels than astrocytes. Granule cells also demonstrated comparable mitochondria/cytosolic concentrations of GSH and GR, GPX and GST activities to those observed in the cerebellar tissue, whereas ratios in astrocytes were markedly lower. Although in vitro treatments with 100 μM ethacrynic acid depleted both cytosolic and mitochondrial GSH in cultured astrocytes and granule cells in a time-dependent fashion, cellular GSH in granule cells was more resistant to the GSH-depleting agent than astrocytes. These results suggest that although GSH and GSH-related enzymes are abundant in cytosolic compartments of astrocytes, mitochondrial pools are relatively small. Since brain mitochondria are sites of significant hydrogen peroxide generation, the mitochondrial localization of GSH and its associated enzymes in neural cells provide important defenses against toxic oxygen species in the nervous system. Differences in subcellular distribution of GSH systems in individual neural cell types may provide a basis for selective cellular and/or subcellular expression of neurotoxicity. 相似文献
73.
74.
F. G. Toback M.D. Ph.D. S. Kartha M. M. Walsh-Reitz 《Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany)》1993,71(10):861-866
Conclusion The mechanisms that regulate regeneration of kidney epithelial cells after acute tubular necrosis are poorly understood. Repair of the nephron can take place in the adverse systemic metabolic setting caused by failure of renal function. This clinical observation suggests that factors released at the site of the tubular insult can mediate repair. Studies carried out in this and other laboratories show that kidney epithelial cells can release and respond to polypeptide growth factors which may thereby contribute to renal regeneration by autocrine and paracrine mechanisms. Specific growth factors secreted by cells and deposited in the tubular basement membrane prior to injury may subsequently participate in nephron repair. In addition, adenine nucleotides released from injured or dying cells at the injury site or provided exogenously could stimulate surviving renal epithelial cells at the edges of the wound to migrate along the basement membrane to rapidly reepithelialize the nephron and subsequently initiate mitogenesis to replace cells lost by necrosis.The nephrotoxic effect of many agents used in cancer chemotherapy and the older age of patients undergoing complicated surgical procedures has increased the incidence of ARF, whereas the mortality rate has not changed since the early 1950s [22]. Thus there is considerable need for innovative therapeutic strategies. An important goal of future research efforts is to identify new growth factors that facilitate migration, differentiation, and proliferation of renal epithelial cells at sites of tubular necrosis. Isolation and use of these agents in combination with dialysis and nutritional support could speed renal regeneration and thereby improve the outcome in patients with this condition.Abbreviations ARF
acute renal failure
- ECM
extracellular matrix
- EGF
epidermal growth factor
- FGF
fibroblast growth factor
- IGF
insulin-like growth factor
- MGSA
melanocyte growth-stimulating activity
- PDGF
platelet-derived growth factor
- IGF
transforming growth factor 相似文献
75.
76.
用体外培养的人的伪表皮作为模型,进行药物毒理学作用的研究,观察了二甲亚砜(DMSO)在不同浓度和不同接触时间条件下,对人的伪表皮细胞脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)、核糖核酸(RNA)和蛋白质合成的影响:随着接触时间的延长,DNA、RNA和蛋白质合成均受抑制。低浓度条件下(1%),DNA、RNA和蛋白质合成增加;在15~50%浓度下,DNA和蛋白质合成抑制,而RNA合成仍增加;在高浓度条件下(70%~100%),DNA、RNA和蛋白质合成均明显抑制。 相似文献
77.
本研究采用先进的三维超声成像技术及多普勒技术对正常育龄妇女月经周期中心血管功能进行研究。结果:月经周期中HR、BP无变化;血清E2是周期性变化,排卵前达高峰。SV、CO、EF在排卵前期升高达峰值,显著高于月经期和黄体期;SVR排卵前期最低,而Ved、Ves无变化。Vmax、A、E在内源性E2高峰时明显加快,而E/A比值无明显变化。结果提示:月经周期中随内源性E2的周期性变化,心脏功能也发生周期性变化。E2高峰时,心输出量、心搏量和射血分数达最高。外周阻力最低,心脏内血流速度加快。 相似文献
78.
Kyung Bok Lee Jong Sig Kim Sang Tae Kwak Wonbo Sim Jong Hwan Kwak Yeong Shik Kim 《Archives of pharmacal research》1998,21(5):555-558
Chondroitin sulfates were isolated from the mud snail. For the quantitative analysis of enzymatic digestion products of isolated
chondroitin sulfates, strong anion exchange-high performance liquid chromatography (SAX-HPLC) was performed. By the action
of chondroitinase ABC, three unsaturated disaccharides 2-acetamide-2-deoxy-3-O-(β-D-gluco-4-enepyranosyluronic acid)-D-galactose (ΔDi-OS), 2-acetamide-2-deoxy-3-O-(β-D-gluco-4-enepyranosyluronic acid)-6-O-sulfo-D-galactose (ΔDi-6S) and 2-acetamide-2-deoxy-3-O-(β-D-gluco-4-enepyranosyluronic acid)-4-O-sulfo-D-galactose (ΔDi-4S) were produced from the mud snail chondroitin sulfates. The analysis showed that relative proportion
of ΔDi-OS/ΔDi-6S/ΔDi-4S was 58.7/3.1/38.2. The immunomodulating activity of chondroitin sulfate was examined by cell proliferation
assay and these results suggest that it might be a immunosuppressant. 相似文献
79.
Morphologic characterization of osteoblast-like cell cultures isolated from newborn rat calvaria 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Dominique Masquelier Béatrice Herbert Nadine Hauser Pascal Mermillod Edgard Schonne Claude Remacle Ph.D. 《Calcified tissue international》1990,47(2):92-104
Summary Two methods for harvesting osteoblast-like cell populations from newborn (10 days) rat calvaria were compared. The first one
consisted in culturing the periosteum-free bones and then trypsinizing the cells on the bone surface. The second one involved
the migration of the osteoblasts on glass fragments before trypsinization. Since the plating efficiency, the proportion of
alkaline phosphatase-positive cells, the population doubling time, and the calcium deposition were more adequate, the second
method was used to further characterize the behavior of the cultures. During the first week of culture, the cells featured
shapes similar to those observedin vivo on the surface of periosteum-free calvaria. They formed multilayers and, in the presence of ascorbic acid, synthetized an
organic matrix containing exclusively type I collagen. Later, small amounts of type III collagen appeared. The cells were
embedded in the matrix and progressively acquired the morphologic phenotype of osteocyte-like cells. The matrix mineralized
in the presence of β-glycerophosphate. The technique of dropinoculation (high concentration of cells in a small volume of
medium) promoted the multilayer formation and the achievement of large mineralized plates (about 1 cm2) in 3 weeks of culture. 相似文献
80.
采用MTT方法观察癌光啉结合^60Coγ射线放射对四株人鼻咽癌细胞体外放射增敏作用,结果表明在一定的PsD007浓度范围内,随PsD007浓度的升高,放射对细胞的杀灭作用明显增强,当浓度分别为1.25,6.25,12.5,25和50μg/ml时,对四株细胞杀灭增加倍数分别为1.01-1.06,1.15-1.29,1.28-1.59,1.79-3.18,2.86-5.55;放射量效存活曲线按多靶单击 相似文献