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目的探讨牙周基础治疗对伴发冠心病的牙周炎患者血清白细胞介素-8（IL-8）及血脂水平的影响。方法选择2007年2月至2011年9月来中国医科大学口腔医学院牙周病科就诊的伴发冠心痛（稳定期）的慢性中、重度牙周炎患者40例。对其进行内科维持治疗及牙周基础治疗。分别在牙周基础治疗前及治疗2个月后对患者行牙周检查,检查指标包括探诊深度（PD）、临床附着丧失（CAL）和龈沟出血指数（SBI）,并采集静脉血,检测血清IL-8以及血脂水平。结果牙周基础治疗2个月后,患者各牙周检查指标（PD、CAL和Sin）均有好转（P〈0．01）;血清IL-8水平明显降低（P〈0．01）;血脂指标中总胆固醇（TC—C）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL—C）水平均降低（P〈0．01、P〈0．05）,高密度脂蛋白（HDL—C）升高（P〈0．05）,甘油三脂（TG—C）水平虽也下降,但差异并无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论牙周基础治疗可改善牙周的炎症状态,并对血清IL-8及血脂水平产生影响。     

Elimination of endoplasmic reticulum stress and cardiovascular,type 2 diabetic,and other metabolic diseases

Abstract

Multiple factors including unhealthy living habits influence the life-maintaining functions of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and induce ER stress and metabolic abnormalities. The ER responds to the disturbances by activating mechanisms that increase the capacity to eliminate ER stress. This article elucidates the effects of ER activation that eliminates both ER stress and associated cardiovascular, type 2 diabetic (DM2), and other metabolic diseases. ER-activating compounds eliminate ER stress by lowering elevated cholesterol, regress atherosclerosis, decrease cardiovascular mortality, reduce blood glucose and insulin, and, together with the normalization of glucose–insulin homeostasis, remove insulin resistance, pancreatic β-cell failure, and DM2. A deficient cytochrome P450 activity in hepatic ER leads to cholesterol accumulation that induces stress and xanthoma formation, whereas P450-activating therapy up-regulates apolipoprotein AI and LDLR genes, down-regulates apolipoprotein B gene, and produces an antiatherogenic plasma lipoprotein profile. The ER activation reduces the stress also by eliminating hepatic fat and converting saturated fatty acids (FAs) to unsaturated FAs. Cognitive processes require gene expression modification, and preclinical studies indicate that ER-activating therapy improves cognition. Promotion of healthy lifestyle choices and indicated therapies are key factors in the prevention and elimination of ER stress and associated global health problems.     

Dietary intervention with emphasis on folate intake reduces serum lipids but not plasma homocysteine levels in hyperlipidemic patients

Hyperlipidemia and hyperhomocysteinemia are regarded as major risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Medical nutrition therapy (MNT), which involves a combination of nutritional diagnosis, therapy, and counseling for at-risk patients, has been proposed as a protocol to control these risk factors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of an intensive MNT, specifically tailored to Korean hyperlipidemic patients, on levels of serum lipids and plasma homocysteine. Forty hyperlipidemic patients with blood levels of total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dL or triacylglycerol ≥150 mg/dL were recruited from the Kyung Hee University Medical Center (Seoul, Korea). They were randomly divided into control (no treatment) or experimental (MNT treatment) groups. A registered dietitian performed MNT, emphasizing dietary folate intake based on the guidelines for Korean hyperlipidemic patients; this was performed 5 times during the 12 weeks of the experiment. After the MNT period, we observed that body mass index (P < .001) and fat percentage (P < .05) was significantly decreased in the experimental group but not in the control group. Daily energy consumption, as well as carbohydrate, fat, and cholesterol intakes, all decreased significantly (P < .05) in the MNT group, whereas folate intake increased (P < .05). Blood levels of triacylglycerol (−30.8%), total cholesterol (−20.9%), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (−14.5%), and ratio of low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein (−17.1%) were significantly lower in the experimental group after MNT (P < .001) compared with the control group. Plasma homocysteine levels were unchanged (P = .98); however, the levels of folate (P < .01), vitamin B₆ (P < .01), and vitamin B₁₂ (P < .05) increased significantly in the experimental group. These results indicate that MNT, with an emphasis on folate intake, can be effective at reducing blood levels of lipids and improving the blood levels of folate, vitamin B₆, and vitamin B₁₂ in Korean hyperlipidemic patients.     

Safety assessment of sandalwood oil (Santalum album L.).

Sandalwood (Santalum album L.) is a fragrant wood from which oil is derived for use in food and cosmetics. Sandalwood oil is used in the food industry as a flavor ingredient with a daily consumption of 0.0074 mg/kg. Over 100 constituents have been identified in sandalwood oil with the major constituent being alpha-santalol. Sandalwood oil and its major constituent have low acute oral and dermal toxicity in laboratory animals. Sandalwood oil was not mutagenic in spore Rec assay and was found to have anticarcinogenic, antiviral and bactericidal activity. Occasional cases of irritation or sensitization reactions to sandalwood oil in humans are reported in the literature. Although the available information on toxicity of sandalwood oil is limited, it has a long history of oral use without any reported adverse effects and is considered safe at present use levels.     

代谢综合征并发冠心病对心脏自主神经功能的影响

目的 研究代谢综合征(MS)并发冠心病(CHD)对心脏自主神经的影响.方法 通过分析120例冠心病患者和80例对照人群(非冠心病)24h HOLTER检查,了解心率变异性的各项指标.结果 冠心病和非冠心病患者群的HRV各项指标比较结果显示,冠心病患者群HRV明显降低(P＜0.01),反映冠状动脉粥样硬化对自主神经的损害.非冠心病患者群中MS组和非MS组HRV比较结果显示:MS组HRV明显降低(P＜0.05).冠心病患者中两组比较SDNN、SDANN、PNN50有统计学意义.结论 代谢综合征和冠心病患者自主神经功能受损,并且以代谢综合征合并冠心病患者对心脏自主神经损害最严重.     

活血益肾法对冠心病不稳定型心绞痛患者P-选择素的影响

目的 观察中药活血益肾法对冠心病不稳定型心绞痛患者P-选择素浓度的影响。方法 将61例患者随机分为常规治疗组30例与活血益肾组31例，均予西医常规治疗，活血益肾组加服冠脉通瘀汤，两组均治疗4周；同期另设正常对照组25例，无任何治疗。测定61例患者治疗前后及25例正常对照者血清P-选择素的浓度。结果冠心病不稳定型心绞痛患者血清P-选择素浓度显著高于正常组，治疗后常规治疗组和活血益肾组P-选择素浓度均显著下降，而活血益肾组的血清P-选择素下降水平优于常规治疗组。结论 活血益肾法能显著降低患者血清P-选择素的浓度，从而优化西药常规抗血小板治疗作用，对冠心病不稳定型心绞痛的治疗及改善其预后大有裨益。     

参芪化瘀汤治疗冠心病心绞痛50例疗效观察

目的 观察参芪化瘀汤辨证治疗冠心病心绞痛的临床疗效.方法 将100例冠心病心绞痛患者随机分为两组,各50例,治疗组采用参芪化瘀汤辨证治疗,对照组采用西医常规疗法治疗.结果 治疗组总有效率为91.6%,心电图总有效率为81.2%:对照组分别为77%、67%,两组总有效率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 自拟参芪化瘀汤辨证治疗冠心病心绞痛有效.