Exposure to antiepileptic drugs and the risk of hip fracture: a case-control study

Purpose: To investigate whether the use of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) increases the risk of hip fracture. Methods: We performed a case‐control study using data from the Funen County (population 2004: 475,000) hip fracture register. Cases (n = 7,557) were all patients admitted to county hospitals with a hip fracture during the period 1996–2004. Controls (n = 27,575) were frequency matched by age and gender. Information on use of AEDs, other drugs, and hospital contacts was available from local registers. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for hip fracture were estimated by unconditional logistic regression. Results: Fracture risk was increased with ever use of any AED (OR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.16–1.48). The risk was also increased with use of only enzyme inducing (OR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.14–1.51), but not with use of only noninducing AEDs (OR: 1.03; 95% CI: 0.77–1.37). Current (OR: 1.92; 95% CI: 1.58–2.33) and recent use, as well as high daily (OR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.24–1.82) and cumulative dose increased fracture risk, but long treatment duration or previous use did not. The risk was modified by the presence of an epilepsy diagnosis. Conclusion: Use of AEDs modestly increases the risk of hip fracture. The risk increase is probably associated to a higher degree with a dose dependent effect on CNS with current and recent use, than with an effect on bone tissue.     

方剂组成结构的相关探讨

“君、臣、佐、使”自《内经》以来一直被认为是方剂的组方原则。从方剂的临床应用看方剂的组方原则应是“依法制方，以法统方”，“君、臣、佐、使”仅是临床组方过程中一种组成结构形式。这种组成结构与临床方剂的其他组成结构互补为用。以使方剂在临床上能灵活应用。     

朱震亨从脾胃病探析误诊误治

[目的]通过探析《局方发挥》之脾胃病误诊误治,以期指导与改进现代医家临床治疗。[方法]对《局方发挥》之脾胃病误诊误治进行整理分析,揭示朱震亨从脾胃病探析误诊误治的特色。[结果]朱震亨从脾胃病论误诊误治的特色:1)《和剂局方》具有误导性脾胃病治疗的中医知识,导致当时医者与患者误诊误治脾胃病。2)《和剂局方》引起的脾胃病误诊误治问题,主要可分成两类:辨证失误和治法失误。3)辨证失误所导致的误诊误治包括忽视审证求因、认为"诸寒为病"、误辨寒热虚实等。4)治法失误包括"一方通治诸病"、滥用辛香燥热药组方、利用砒丹巴硇行积垢、修改汤剂为丸剂、用峻剂盲目祛邪及错误滋补等。[结论]朱震亨在《局方发挥》指出当时脾胃病的误诊误治问题,显示出了其独特见解,对现代医家治疗脾胃病,具有一定的指导作用与参考价值。     

Effect of Qingre Buyi Decoction (清热补益汤) on Nitric Oxide and Histomorphology of Intestinal Mucosa in Rats with Radiation Enteritis

Objective: To explore the mechanism of Qingre Buyi Decoction (清热补益汤,QBD) in prevention and treatment of radiation enteritis in rats. Methods: Forty-eight Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups, the TCM group, the WM group, the model group and the control group, 12 in each group. Rats in the former three groups were given orally with QBD, norfloxacin and normal saline once a day for 7 successive days, after being irradiated with X-ray at single dose of 10 Gy for modeling of radiation enteritis, while rats in the control group were untreated. Animals were sacrificed at the end of the medication. NO concentration, mean height and number of villi per centimeter in their small intestinal mu-cosa were measured. Results: The intestinal NO concentration was significantly lower in the TCM and WM groups than that in the model group(P<0.05), while the number of villi was significantly more and the height higher in the former two groups than those in the model group (P<0.01 for both), but no signif     

张仲景特殊给药途径初探

就《伤寒论》和《金匮要略》两书中除了口服给药以外的其它孔窍给药方法进行了全面总结,结果勾勒出舌窍给药、齿龈给药、鼻窍给药、耳窍给药、前阴给药、肛门给药、脐窍给药、毛窍给药等八种特殊孔窍给药途径。文中对于每法的条文出处、具体操作和药物吸收原理进行了较详尽的探析。     

贵州水、布依、苗族人群血清免疫球蛋白水平测定

对贵州省水、布依、苗三个少数民族健康人血清应用SDID法进行免疫球蛋白(Ig)水平调查。结果显示,布依族IgM女性明显高于男性,符合文献报道;三个民族的其余血清Ig水平男、女两性间的差别与文献报道相异;三个少数民族健康人血清Ig水平均值都高于国内健康汉族人的水平,为此应考虑到种族关系。