Clinical characteristics of pediatric patients with COVID-19 between Omicron era vs. pre-Omicron era

IntroductionDetailed data on clinical characteristics in children with the omicron strain of SARS-COV-2 are limited.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective observational study of children with COVID-19 at the National Center for Child Health and Development to evaluate the clinical manifestations during and before the emergence of the omicron variant. Only symptomatic patients without underlying diseases were included. Participants were divided into two temporal groups: the “omicron era” (1/2022–2/2022) and the “pre-omicron era,” where the delta variant predominated (7/2021–11/2021). The patients were subclassified into an older vaccine-eligible group (aged 12–17 years), a younger vaccine-eligible group (aged 5–11 years), and a vaccine-ineligible group (aged 0–4 years).ResultsWe compared 113 patients in the omicron era with 106 in the pre-omicron era. Most patients in both eras had non-severe disease, and no patients required mechanical ventilation or died. Among patients aged 0–4 years, sore throat and hoarseness were more common during the omicron era than the pre-omicron era (11.1% vs. 0.0% and 11.1% vs. 1.5%, respectively). Croup syndrome was diagnosed in all patients with hoarseness. Among patients aged 5–11 years, vomiting was more frequent during the omicron era (47.2%) than during the pre-omicron era (21.7%). Cough and rhinorrhea were less common during the omicron era in patients aged 0–4 and 5–11 years, respectively, than during the pre-omicron era.ConclusionsIn children with COVID-19, clinical manifestations differed between the omicron and pre-omicron eras. In the Omicron era, croup syndrome was more frequent in vaccine-ineligible children.     

Contemporary Epidemiology of and Risk Factors Associated with Removal of a Pathologically Normal Appendix in Children with Suspected Appendicitis

BackgroundThe goal of this study was to characterize contemporary performance benchmarks and risk factors associated with negative appendectomy (NA) in children with suspected appendicitis.MethodsA multicenter retrospective cohort analysis of children undergoing appendectomy for suspected appendicitis was performed using data from the 2016–2021 NSQIP-Pediatric Appendectomy Targeted Public Use Files. Multivariable regression was used to evaluate the influence of year, age, sex, and WBC count on NA rate, and to generate rate estimates for NA based on different combinations of demographic characteristics and WBC profiles.Results100,322 patients were included from 140 hospitals. The overall NA rate was 2.4%, and rates decreased significantly during the study period (2016: 3.1% vs. 2021: 2.3%, p < 0.001). In adjusted analyses, the highest risk for NA was associated with a normal WBC (<9000/mm³; OR 5.31 [95% CI: 4.87–5.80]), followed by female sex (OR 1.55 [95% CI: 1.42–1.68]) and age <5 years (OR 1.64 [95% CI 1.39, 1.94]). Model-estimated risk for NA varied significantly across demographic and WBC strata, with a 14.4-fold range in rates between subgroups with the lowest and highest predicted risk (males 13–17 years with elevated WBC [1.1%] vs. females 3–4 years with normal WBC [15.8%]).ConclusionsContemporary NA rates have decreased over time, however NA risk remains high in children without a leukocytosis, particularly for girls and children <5 years of age. These data provide contemporary performance benchmarks for NA in children with suspected appendicitis and identify high-risk populations where further efforts to mitigate NA risk should be targeted.Level of EvidenceIII.     

基于CiteSpace可视化分析代谢组学在中医药领域的研究现状及趋势＊

目的 应用可视化方法分析代谢组学在中医药领域的现状及趋势。方法 检索中国知网数据库（CNKI）和Web of Science 核心合集数据库2021年3月15日之前收录的中医药领域代谢组学研究的相关文献，应用CiteSpace软件对纳入的文献进行关键词、作者、研究机构等内容进行可视化分析。结果 共纳入中文文献247篇，英文文献350篇。文献数量在波动中迅速上升。中、英文文献作者合作网络显示，张爱华是中医药领域代谢组学研究发文量最多的作者，并形成了核心研究团队。发文机构显示，中国医学科学院是该领域的重要研究机构，机构间合作紧密。中、英文文献关键词分析显示，研究内容主要集中在核磁共振、代谢标记物、冠心病、质谱技术、代谢通路等相关领域。结论 中医药领域代谢组学研究的热点主要为中医药治疗代谢性疾病的机制研究。研究趋势为卵泡代谢组学研究及中药有效成分的研究。     

基于CiteSpace的结直肠癌患者生命质量研究

目的：通过中英文文献了解结直肠癌患者生命质量研究现状及发展趋势。方法：运用CiteSpace对中国知网（CNKI）、万方数据知识服务平台、中国生物医学文献数据库、Web of Science核心数据集、PubMed、Cochrane Library中收录的关于结直肠癌患者生命质量研究的中英文文献进行可视化分析。结果：检索得到中文文献1 285篇，英文文献871篇，中英文文献发文量均呈上升趋势，相关研究关注的重点主要是结直肠癌患者造口、抑郁、免疫、肠道功能、化疗及化疗药物，但机构之间、学者之间合作程度及研究类型等方面存在一定差异。结论：中文文献相关研究起步晚、发展快，但在研究质量与研究深度等方面与英文文献相比还有一定差距；国内学者之间、机构之间应加强合作，关心患者肠道功能、心理状况，提高患者体力活动水平，开展更多高质量研究。     

Validation of an on-screen application-based measurement of shoulder range of motion over telehealth medium

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