Persistently elevated troponin I in paracetamol hepatotoxicity: Association with liver injury,organ failure,and outcome

Abstract

Context. An elevated troponin I (TnI) is associated with a poorer prognosis during critical illness. Objective. Our aims were to determine whether significant paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity was associated with an elevated TnI; if this elevation was persistent and was associated with worse clinical outcomes. Materials and methods. In this retrospective cohort study, the requirement for orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) or death and/or the development of multiorgan failure (MOF) was evaluated for 48 consecutive patients admitted to the Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh (a university tertiary referral centre) with acute liver injury or acute liver failure secondary to paracetamol overdose. Results. TnI was elevated (≥ 0.05 ng/L) in 13/48 patients (27%). This appeared to be sustained for at least 6 days which has not been shown previously in the context of Acute Liver Injury (ALI). Elevated TnI was strongly associated with MOF, with the requirement for inotropic support being the strongest predictor (p = 0.003, OR 9.00, 95% CI 2.13–37.98). TnI elevations also correlated strongly with Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II scores (p = 0.0006, r = 0.482, 95% CI 0.22–0.68) and with interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels (p = 0.0001, r = 0.55, 95% CI 0.29–0.73). Although a raised TnI was associated with a markedly increased risk of death or orthotopic liver transplant (p = 0.005, OR 7.73, 95% CI 1.87–32.05) on univariate analysis, this was primarily seen in the context of MOF (SOFA score p = 0.003, OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.07–1.41) and was not an independent predictor of death. There was no correlation between TnI or outcome with other cardiac biomarkers and markers of cardiovascular risk. Discussion and Conclusion. An elevated TnI in the context of acute liver injury or liver failure following paracetamol overdose is associated with a significantly worse patient outcome but it is not an independent prognostic factor. Further studies should be undertaken to investigate the mechanism behind this elevated troponin association.     

急性冠脉综合征患者pentraxin-3与凝血酶活化的纤溶抑制物的变化

目的了解急性冠脉综合征(Acute Coronary Syndrome,ACS)患者炎性指标pentraxin-3与纤溶指标凝血酶活化的纤溶抑制物(Thrombin activatable finolysis inhibitor,TAFI)的变化。方法检测比较102例急性心肌梗死(AMI组)、81例不稳定心绞痛(UAP组)及23例健康体检者(对照组)的血浆pentraxin-3、TAFI水平。结果急性冠脉综合征患者血浆pentraxin-3、TAFI明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);AMI组血浆pentraxin-3及TAFI水平高于UAP组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。pentraxin-3浓度与TAFI浓度呈正相关(r=0.17,P<0.05)。结论 pentraxin-3与TAFI共同在ACS的发生发展中起重要作用。     

Antioxidant treatment and outcome of cortinarius orellanus poisoning: a case series

Abstract

Objectives: To study the frequency, severity, and long-term outcome of renal injury in Cortinarius orellanus poisoning, to evaluate the association between the ingested amount of C. orellanus and outcome, and to evaluate the effect of N-acetylcysteine and corticosteroid treatment on outcome. Methods: Case series of eight patients. Diagnosis and severity of acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) were classified according to current AKI and CKD definitions. N-acetylcysteine and corticosteroids were administered to six patients, former according to the standard for paracetamol poisoning. Main findings: All patients developed AKI, six in the most severe stage and four required renal replacement therapy (RRT). After 12 months, seven patients presented with CKD, of whom three required chronic RRT and further two were in advanced CKD. AKI and CKD severity highly correlated with the consumed amounts of Cortinarius orellanus (r?=?0.98, p?<?0.001 and r?=?0.78, p?=?0.02, respectively) but not with N-acetylcysteine and corticosteroid treatment. Conclusions: AKI and CKD by current definitions and classifications are frequent and severe after Cortinarius orellanus poisoning. The ingested amount of Cortinarius orellanus correlates with the severity of both AKI and CKD. N-acetylcysteine and corticosteroid treatment do not seem to have a beneficial effect on either AKI or CKD.     

安儿宁颗粒联合喜炎平注射液治疗小儿急性呼吸道感染的疗效观察

目的：观察研究安儿宁颗粒在治疗小儿急性呼吸道感染中的价值。方法：将158例小儿急性呼吸道感染患者随机分为两组，治疗组79例，在使用了喜炎平注射液基础上加用安儿宁颗粒；对照组79例，只使用喜炎平注射液。然后观察两组患儿的发热、咳嗽、流涕、喷嚏、咽痛等几方面的变化。结果：治疗组患儿的发热、咳嗽、流涕、喷嚏、咽病症状明显好于对照组。尤其他们的发热消失的更快。结论：安儿宁颗粒联合喜炎平注射液在治疗小儿急性呼吸道感染的效果非常肯定，尤其在缓解发热上十分有效。所以，安儿宁颗粒在治疗小儿急性呼吸道感染中值得常规使用。     

急性脑梗死患者颈动脉斑块与血清C-反应蛋白及尿酸水平的关系

目的探寻急性脑梗死患者颈动脉斑块的形成与患者c反应蛋白（CRP）、尿酸（UA）的相关性。方法对136例急性脑梗死患者进行颈动脉彩超检查及血清CRP、UA水平检测，分析颈动脉斑块数量与CRP、UA的关系。结果2处和≥3处颈动脉斑块组血清CRP和UA水平显著高于无斑块组（P〈0．05）．1处颈动脉斑块组血清CRP和UA水平与无斑块组差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），急性脑梗死患者血清CRP与UA水平呈正相关（P〈0．05）；血清CRP和UA水平与颈动脉斑块的数量均呈正相关（P〈0．05）。结论检测急性脑梗死患者血清CRP和UA水平，可以预测颈动脉斑块的形成和严重程度。     

cTnI在急性冠脉综合征早期诊断中的临床研究

目的评价心肌标志物肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)快速定量检测系统在急性冠脉综合征早期诊断的准确性和省时性,为尽早进行介入治疗赢得时间。方法本研究采用随机、自身对照的试验设计。对符合入选标准的150例患者采取血样,分别进行cTnI快速定量检测和实验室常规心肌酶检测,观察与比较两种检测结果及得出结果时间。结果 cTnI快速定量检测与实验室心肌酶检测结果的准确性一致,但cTnI快速定量检测明显快于实验室常规检测。结论 cTnI快速定量检测系统有利于急性冠脉综合征的早期诊断。     

Treating and management in acute Laugier's fracture: a case report

Laugier's fractures are rare because they are located deep in the elbow joint and are thus protected from any direct trauma. Laugier's fractures have been insufficiently described in the literature. Surgical treatment does not have an alternative, and timely diagnosis and surgical and physical therapy. We presented a case report of a 23 years' old man, sustained a Laugier's fracture in June 2012 after falling from motocycle (low energy trauma) and hit with his flexed elbow against the street.     

Femur chondrosarcoma misdiagnosed as acute knee arthritis and osteomyelitis—Further developing a hitherto unreported complication of tumor embolic ischemic ileal perforation after arthroscopic lavage

The differentiation between osteomyelitis and bone tumor may be difficult due to their overlapping clinical and radiological features. A 25-year-old lady presented with left knee pain and joint effusion associated with redness and hotness. A sub-optimally taken plain radiograph showed mixed osteolytic and osteoblastic lesion in the left lower femur with surrounding soft tissue swelling. Since the clinical diagnosis was acute osteomyelitis and arthritis, arthroscopic lavage was performed as a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure. The removed loose bodies and fibrinous tissue showed pathological features suspicious of chondrosarcoma. Subsequent MRI revealed an infiltrative tumor eroding through the cortex and joint cartilage. En bloc excision of the left lower femur, upper tibia including the knee joint and patella was performed, and the final diagnosis was grade 2 chondrosarcoma. The patient developed bilateral pulmonary metastasis 33 months after operation. Five months later, she suffered from a hitherto undescribed complication of ischemic perforation of the terminal ileum secondary to tumor embolic arterial obstruction with no macroscopic intestinal or peritoneal tumor deposit. The patient developed multiple brain metastases and died 43 months after initial presentation.Our case illustrates that malignant bone tumor as a differential diagnosis of acute osteomyelitis and arthritis merits recognition and exclusion before arthroscopic lavage, which may enhance tumor dissemination and in our patient results in embolic ischemic ileal perforation.     

Acute renal failure associated with vancomycin and β-lactams for the treatment of osteomyelitis in diabetics: piperacillin–tazobactam as compared with cefepime

Few data are available on the nephrotoxic potential of vancomycin when combined with certain β-lactam antibiotics for the treatment of osteomyelitis (OM). A retrospective cohort study was conducted of all diabetic patients with OM treated with vancomycin plus piperacillin–tazobactam (VPT) or vancomycin plus cefepime (VC) for at least 72 h at a VA Medical Center between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2011. All patients with a creatinine clearance (CrCl) of ≤40 mL/min, a blood urea nitrogen/serum creatinine (SCr) ratio of ≥20 : 1 or an absolute neutrophil count of <500 cells/mm³ were excluded. The primary outcome was development of acute renal failure (ARF), defined as an increase in SCr of 0.5 mg/dL or 50% of baseline. One hundred and thirty-nine patients met the inclusion criteria; 109 in the piperacillin–tazobactam group and 30 in the cefepime group. Among patients receiving VPT, 29.3% (32/109) developed ARF, as compared with 13.3% (4/30) receiving VC (p 0.099). Among patients receiving high-dose therapy (≥18 g of piperacillin–tazobactam daily or ≥3 g of cefepime daily), 37.5% (9/24) receiving VPT and 17.6% (3/17) receiving VC developed ARF (p 0.29). A multiple logistic regression analysis identified weight and average vancomycin trough as the only significant predictors of ARF; the choice of VPT as therapy yielded an OR of 3.45 (95% CI 0.96–12.40; p 0.057). The authors were unable to detect a statistically significant difference in ARF between groups; however, the power requirement was not met. Further study with a larger patient population seems warranted.