血管性痴呆的危险因素

血管性痴呆(vascular dementia,VD)是老年期痴呆的另一个主要类型,国内外研究结果显示,VD的发病率和患病率均随着年龄的增长而显著增高[1,2],VD占欧美老年期痴呆的15%～20%。亚洲国家如中国和日本VD的发生率较高,     

Clearance of beta- amyloid from the CSF by the choroid plexus： implications in drug development for treatment of Alzheimer＇s disease

The formation of insoluble aggregates of beta - amyloid peptide （ A ） within the brain extracellular fluid is a critical event in the etiology of Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）. In theory, an unbalanced A kinetics can be due to its over production, inadequate metabolic cleaning, or an improper balance of import or export of A or related molecules at brain barriers. We investigated the role of the choroid plexus, which forms a barrier between blood and brain cerebrospinal fluid （ CSF）, in regulating A in the CSF. A uptake from CSF was determined as its volume of distribution （ VD ） into isola- ted rat choroid plexus tissue by using [^125I] A 1-40 and along with a extracellular space marker [^14C ] sucrose. The choroid plexus exhibited a definite capacity in sequestering [^125I] A 1-40 from the surrounding CSF. Uptake of [^125I] A by the choroid plexus was saturable, time - and temperature - dependent, and not ttffected by addition of transthyretin or apolipoprotein E3. Studies with cultured monolayers of primary choroid epithelial cells indicated that A permeability across cells, corrected by [ ^14C] sucrose, was greater from the CSF -facing membrane than from the blood -facing membrane. Similarly, cellular accumulation of [ ^125 I ] A was concentrative from both directions and was greater from the CSF -facing membrane. Quantitative real- time RT- PCR, immunodetection and enzyme activity assays further revealed the presence of several key enzymes involved in A production, e. g. , amyloid precursor protein and beta - secretase, and in A metabolism and alternate processing, e. g. , insulin degrading enzyme, endothelin - converting enzyme - 1, neprilysin and alpha - secretase. Overall, these results suggest the choroid plexus selectively cleanses A from the CSF by an undetermined mechanism （s） ; moreover, it has the capacity to degrade A , suggesting a vital role of this tissue in maintaining A homeostasis. The perspectives of drug development for treatment of AD by reducing A from brain extracellular fluid as a new strategy will be discussed.     

Bristol最新神经心理量表中文版的效度评价

目的检测中文版(BMDC-NPTB-CR)的效度.方法对182名老年人进行测试,以MMSE为效标分析该量表的平行效度;并比较不同认知水平老年人的测试成绩.结果 BMDC-NPTB-CR与MMSE类同项目测验成绩相关系数r为0.17～0.72(P＜0.05～P＜0.001).认知正常、可疑痴呆及痴呆患者的量表得分差异有显著性(P＜0.05～P＜0.001).结论 BMDC-NPTB-CR是效度较好的标准化成套量表,BMDC-NPTB-CR有良好的效标效度,和区分效度适合我国临床和科研工作应用.     

清痴汤治疗血管性痴呆80例

我院用“清痴汤”治疗血管性痴呆，疗效较好，现报道如下。     

不惧痴呆——访北京中医药大学东方医院副院长张允岭教授

随着人口老龄化,由此引发的老年期疾患已经成为一个明显影响人类健康的突出问题。其中,最明显的就是老年期痴呆的发病率正在逐年攀升。如何预防、治疗老年期痴呆,改善痴呆患者的生活质量,是当今医学界研究的主要课题。     

IN VITRO ANALYSIS OF τ PHOSPHORYLATION SITES AND ITS BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY

INTRODUCTIONThemicrotubule－associatedprotein蚲ishyperphos－phorylatedandglycosylatedinAlzheimerdisease（AD），andtheseabnormalmodificationsformedthebasisofprogressivelyretrogradeneurofibrillarydegenerationseeninADbrainandtherebythedementia（１，２）．ADab－normallyphosphorylated蚲notonlyismicrotubuleas－semblyincompetent，butalsoinhibitsassemblyanddis－assemblesthepreassembledmicrotubulesinvitro（３）．Inthetangle－bearingneuronsinADbrain，thenormalcytoskeletonisdisruptedandreplacedwi…     

杭州市离退休干部老年期痴呆的社会心理因素探讨

目的 探讨影响离退休干部老年期痴呆的社会心理因素。方法 采用问卷调查的方式，对704名离退休干部进行调查。结果 婚姻状况、日常锻炼、抑郁、社会支持水平等社会心理因素对老年期痴呆有影响，而居住方式、吸烟、饮酒等因素与老年期痴呆无明显关联。结论 在老年期痴呆的防治工作中，要注意婚姻状况、日常锻炼、抑郁、社会支持水平的影响。     

血管性痴呆研究进展

随着世界人口老龄化的发展及脑卒中发病率的升高，血管性痴呆（VD）的发生率亦有所升高，正日益受到人们的重视。近年来，有关VD的研究取得较大进展，本主要对VD的危险因素，分类，诊断和防治等方面的研究简要做一综述。     

脑蛋白水解物注射液治疗老年血管性痴呆临床观察

目的：验证脑蛋白水解物注射液对老年血管性痴呆（AD）的治疗效果。方法：治疗组（A组）常规治疗加用脑蛋白水解物注射液20ml／iv．gtt．qd，对照组（B组）给予常规治疗使用舒血宁注射液20ml／d，胞二磷胆碱0．5克／iv．gtt．qd，治疗前后应用相应的量表进行评估。结果：治疗3周后两者均有疗效，但A组在智力（MMSE）、记忆力（WMS）和日常生活能力（ADL）及临床总疗效明显优于B组。总有效率分别为75％和54％，经Ridit分析有显著性差异（P〈0．01），并随用药时间延长疗效也越好。对精神症状均有明显好转，总有效率分别为66．5％和60．6％，差异无显著意义（P〉0．05）。结论：脑蛋白水解物注射液能快速改善大脑的血液供应，促进有氧代谢，对老年性痴呆具有较好的治疗作用。研究期间未观察到严重不良反应。     

天智颗粒治疗血管性痴呆肝阳上亢证246例

为探索中医药治疗血管性痴呆(VD)的疗效,我们在经过神经心理学评价培训和一致性检验后,于2000年10月～2002年12月在长春中医学院附属医院等7家单位,应用天智颗粒治疗VD肝阳上亢证患者246例,现报告如下.