细数十大健康食品（六）——蓝莓

蓝莓，学名越橘，是一种小浆果，果实蓝色，果肉细腻，果味酸甜。蓝莓营养价值非常高，所含的花青素、氨基酸、果酸、矿物质与维生素等多种营养成分是其他水果无法比拟的。尤其是由多种生物类黄酮组成的花青素，具有抗氧化、抗衰老、增进视力、防止脑神经老化、软化血管、增强机体免疫力等多种作用。     

Inhibition of MMP-3 activity and invasion of the MDA- MB-231 human invasive breast carcinoma cell line by bioflavonoids

Aim： Stromelysin 1 （matrix metalloproteinase 3; MMP-3） is an enzyme known to be involved in tumor invasion and metastasis. In this study, flavonoids from vegetables and fruits, such as quercetin, kaempferol, genistein, genistin, and daidzein, were tested for their ability to modulate the secretion and activity of MMP-3 in the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line. In addition, we investigated the in vitro effects of flavonoids on MDA-MB-231 cell invasion. Methods：The toxic concentration range of flavonoids was evaluated using the MTT assay. The ability of MDA-MB-231 cells to invade was evaluated using a modified Boyden chamber system. The activity of MMP-3 was determined by casein zymography. The secretion of MMP-3 was evaluated using Western blotting, casein zymography and confirmed by ELISA. Results： Some putative flavonoids, ie, quercetin and kaempferol （flavonols）, significantly inhibited the in vitro invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, with IC5o values of 27 and 30 pmol/L, respectively. Quercetin and kaempferol also reduced MMP-3 activity in a dose-dependent manner, with IC5o values in the range of 30 pmol/L and 45 pmol/L, respectively. None of the flavonoids had a significant effect on the secretion of MMP-3. Conclusion： These data show that the flavonols quercetin and kaempferol have higher anti-invasion potency and higher MMP-3 inhibitory activity than isoflavones genistein, genistin and daidzein. In contrast, neither flavonols nor isoflavones have any effect on MMP-3 secretion.     

生物类黄酮对心血管系统的调节及作用机理

黄酮类化合物是一类在调节心血管系统作用方面具有发展潜力的生物资源。由于心血管疾病发病机制的复杂性，目前关于生物类黄酮调节心血管系统作用及其作用机制的研究报导比较分散和不系统，本文综述了国内外有关生物类黄酮调节心血管系统作用及作用机理的研究成果。