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31.
吴婷  曹其帅 《医学美学美容》2023,32(24):107-110
分析在手部烧伤后不同时间采取外科整形修复治疗的效果及对患者关节活动度的影响。方法 选取2022年1月-2023年4月我院收治的60例手部烧伤后瘢痕挛缩畸形患者为研究对象,根据整形修复时间不同分为对照组和观察组,每组30例。对照组于烧伤10 d后行外科整形修复,观察组于烧伤10 d内行外科整形修复,比较两组关节活动度、临床疗效、生活质量及并发症发生情况。结果 观察组治疗后ROM评分高于对照组(P <0.05);观察组治疗总有效率为96.67%,高于对照组的80.00%(P <0.05);观察组治疗后生活质量各项评分均高于对照组(P <0.05);观察组并发症发生率为6.67%,低于对照组的26.67%(P<0.05)。结论 针对手部烧伤后出现瘢痕挛缩畸形的患者,在烧伤后10 d内给予外科整形修复,可有效改善患者的关节活动度,有利于降低术后感染、植皮坏死等并发症发生几率,对于提升患者的预后生活质量具有积极意义。  相似文献   
32.
Microsurgical tissue transplantation has provided a great advance in reconstructive surgery, especially regarding upper limb defects. Compared to conventional pedicled flaps, mobilisation can occur earlier, hospital stay is shorter and no additional interventions for pedicle detachment and flap inset are needed. The lateral arm flap is an exceptionally versatile free flap with straightforward dissection and low donor site morbidity. End-to-side anastomosis preserves blood flow through the main arteries to the hand and reduces the risk of vascular compromise of the hand, which is especially important in case of severe hand injuries. Sixteen patients who underwent hand reconstruction using the lateral arm free flap are reviewed. All arterial anastomoses were conducted in end-to-side-technique either to the radial or the ulnar artery. There was no total- or partial-flap failure and only one revisional procedure due to a haematoma under the anastomosis. Eight flaps required secondary defatting, combined with removal of osteosynthesis material or tenolysis. From our point of view the free lateral arm flap is a very reliable and versatile method to resurface small and medium sized hand defects.  相似文献   
33.
The classical method of skeletal age assessment is based on the recognition of changes in the radiographic appearance of the maturity indicators in hand-wrist radiographs by comparison with a reference atlas. The purpose of this study was the evaluation of the possibility to assess bone age using a less invasive method such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Bone ages of 50 children free of any chronic diseases (5–18 years old) and ten with multihormonal pituitary deficiency (MPD) (8–20 years old) were assessed using an Expert-XL densitometer. Hand scans and classical hand-wrist radiographs were evaluated by two independent observers for bone age by visual comparison with reference standards of skeletal development published in the atlas. The precision errors of duplicate bone age ratings were low both for radiographs (<1%) and DXA hand scans (<0.9%). A high degree of agreement between bone age ratings done by two observers was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficients. The same bone age based on radiographs and DXA hand scans was assessed in 44 of 60 cases (73.3%); in 16 cases the differences between bone age were no higher than 0.5 year. No significant difference between mean bone age based on radiographs and DXA hand scans was observed (P>0.05). Moreover, there was a very strong correlation between bone age results (r=0.998; r 2=0.996; P<0.0001), indicating agreement of bone age assessments based on DXA and radiographic images. Remarkable differences (up to 3 years) between bone age and chronological age were observed in healthy subjects, probably reflecting the effect of the secular trend towards earlier maturation or alterations in pubertal development. The study indicates that evaluation of skeletal maturity using DXA images is less invasive (up to 8 µSv) than radiography, giving results comparable to the classical method.  相似文献   
34.
一侧肢体功能障碍是脑卒中后的典型症状,其中手和上肢功能障碍严重影响着作业表现,使患者的生活受到不同程度的限制。本文基于人-环境-作业(personenvironment-occupation,PEO)模式,从人、环境、作业活动和作业表现等方面,探讨脑卒中患者手和上肢功能的康复治疗,以期提升人们对中国脑卒中患者作业治疗内涵的理解。通过作业治疗,可以改善患者的行为表现,减轻功能受限程度,增强日常生活的活动能力,从而提高患者的生活质量。  相似文献   
35.
目的探讨同种异体双手移植术细胞因子动态监测的临床应用价值.方法 2000年9月~11月,采用ELISA法动态监测异体手移植术患者移植前后,血清中可溶性白细胞介素-2受体(solube interleukin-2,receptor,sIL-2R)、白细胞介素-2(interlukin-2,IL-2)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平的变化,并与15名健康对照血清中相应细胞因子水平进行比较.结果血清IL-2和IL-6水平于术后诱导期明显下降,与术前比较有统计学意义(P<0.05),而后回升,在维持期保持较术前略高水平,与诱导期比较有统计学意义(P<0.05);sIL-2R水平术后明显上升,并维持于较高水平.血清IL-2水平与对照组比较,在移植前后均有统计学意义(P<0.01);IL-6水平与对照组比较,术后诱导期有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论血清IL-2、IL-6和sIL-2R的动态监测可能有助于排斥反应的诊断,以及预防机会性感染、肿瘤及移植物抗宿主疾病的发生.  相似文献   
36.
手前臂背侧复合软组织缺损的修复与功能重建   总被引:4,自引:4,他引:4  
目的探讨手及前臂背侧复合软组织缺损的修复与功能重建. 方法 2001年5月~2003年11月,对8例前臂及手部背侧复合软组织缺损患者一期采用胸腹部带蒂皮瓣修复缺损,二期采用肌腱移位加多条同种异体肌腱移植重建伤手功能,皮瓣范围为9 cm×15 cm~12 cm×38 cm,异体肌腱移植最多6条. 结果术后8例皮瓣均成活,外形好,异体肌腱移植效果满意,伤手功能恢复良好. 结论胸腹部带蒂皮瓣加多条同种异体肌腱移植修复手及前臂背侧复合软组织缺损,具有损伤小、皮瓣外形好、方法简便及伤手功能恢复满意等优点.  相似文献   
37.
ObjectiveStroke is associated with reorganization within motor areas of both hemispheres. Mapping the cortical hand motor representation using transcranial magnetic stimulation may help to understand the relationship between motor cortex reorganization and motor recovery of the affected hand after stroke.MethodsA standardized review of the pertinent literature was performed.ResultsWe identified 20 trials, which analyzed the relationship between the extent and/or location of cortical hand motor representation using transcranial magnetic stimulation and motor function and recovery of the affected hand. Several correlations were found between cortical reorganization and measures of hand motor impairment and recovery.ConclusionA better understanding of the relationships between the extent and location of cortical hand motor representation and the motor impairment and motor recovery of the affected hand after stroke may contribute to a targeted use of non-invasive brain stimulation protocols. In the future motor mapping may help to guide brain stimulation techniques to the most effective motor area in an affected individual.  相似文献   
38.
Nonsurgical management is the preferred treatment of stable, extra-articular fractures of the proximal and middle phalanx, most distal phalanx fractures, and, rarely, nondisplaced intraarticular fractures in elite athletes. Techniques that afford maximal strength with minimal dissection, thus allowing earlier return to play, are ideal. Open reduction with internal fixation with plate fixation is most often chosen for unstable phalangeal shaft fractures in high-demand athletes to provide rigid internal fixation and allow immediate range of motion and more rapid return to sport. It is our practice to routinely treat unicondylar fractures with surgery with percutaneous headless compression screws in elite athletes.  相似文献   
39.
目的 报告桡动脉腕部皮支穿支蒂皮瓣修复手部皮肤软组织缺损的方法及疗效.方法 2008年1月至2011年6月,对15例手部皮肤软组织缺损患者,根据皮肤软组织缺损情况,应用桡动脉腕部皮支穿支蒂皮瓣修复,皮肤缺损面积为2.5 cm×2.8 cm~4.6 cm× 9.5 cm,皮瓣切取面积为2.8 cm× 3.0 cm~ 4.8 cm×9.7cm.结果 术后1例皮瓣出现蒂部卡压症状,经行血管探查、减压术后存活,余14例皮瓣及供区植皮全部存活.随访时间为6~ 12个月,皮瓣外形良好,质地及功能满意.结论 桡动脉腕部皮支穿支蒂皮瓣血管相对恒定,外形美观,手术操作简便,是修复手部皮肤软组织缺损的有效手术方法之一.  相似文献   
40.

Background

The purpose of this paper is to compare a group of patients with upper extremity amputation injuries who presented to a tertiary referral center without having been previously seen at another hospital versus a group of patients who was transferred from another facility. We hypothesize that transferred patients will generally undergo more complex treatments, that some transferred patients will be treated in the ER with simple treatments (thereby perhaps not requiring transfer), and that transferred patients will be less likely to have insurance coverage.

Methods

All patients who presented to our ER from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2008 with the classification of hand and finger amputation were included. Data collected included whether or not the patient was transferred from another institution, age, mechanism of injury, partial versus total amputation, location treated, transportation method, general treatment classification, type of insurance, and month of presentation.

Results

No statistical difference was found between patients who were transferred versus those who were not with respect to age, sex, mechanism, whether the amputation was partial versus complete, or insurance coverage. Statistical differences were noted between the subset of patients who was transferred versus those who were not with respect to treatment location, method of transportation, and treatment.

Conclusions

Patients transferred to our institution required significantly more complex treatments and were significantly more likely to be treated in the operating room. A small but significant group of patients was treated in the ER or required relatively simple treatments after transfer. Our hypothesis that a higher percentage of patients transferred to our institution would have less insurance coverage was not supported by the data. Tertiary centers can expect to continue receiving a steady stream of amputation referrals.  相似文献   
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