咀嚼木糖醇口香糖对托槽、带环脱落率的影响

目的 研究固定矫治过程中咀嚼木糖醇口香糖对托槽与带环脱落率的影响.方法 选择固定矫治患者88例,分别随机平均分为两组:A组-咀嚼口香糖组,B组-不咀嚼口香糖组,连续6个月观察记录托槽、带环的脱落率.结果 A组:托槽、带环的脱落率分别为10.93%、26.67%,B托槽、带环的脱落率分别为10.61%、26.05%,两组数据χ2检验(P＞0.05),无显著性差别.结论 固定矫治过程中可以咀嚼木糖醇口香糖作为预防牙釉质脱矿的一种方法.     

不同剂量木糖醇添加剂对抗生素骨水泥药物释放的影响

目的：探讨不同剂量木糖醇添加剂对抗生素骨水泥药物释放的影响,以确定最佳剂量指导临床用药。方法：不同剂量（0g,7g,14g,21g,28g）的小颗粒木糖醇添加剂（210μm～250μm）分别与2g万古霉素和40g骨水泥聚合后进行洗提实验。结果：不同剂量组药物释放的模式与无添加剂组一致,即前24h大量释放和随后的持续低浓度释放。21g小颗粒木糖醇添加剂既可以使药物释放量大大增加（p〈0．05）,也使高于最低抑菌浓度持续时间最长≥20d。结论：添加剂在21g可能是最适剂量。     

马来酸桂哌齐特在输液中配伍的稳定性考察

目的:考察马来酸桂哌齐特注射液在2种输液中配伍的稳定性。方法:模拟临床用药,观察马来酸桂哌齐特注射液与木糖醇注射液、转化糖注射液配伍后的配伍液在4℃和25℃条件下配伍液24h内的外观及pH值的变化,采用紫外分光光度法测定马来酸桂哌齐特的含量。结果:配伍液中马来酸桂哌齐特的含量、pH及外观均无明显变化。结论:马来酸桂哌齐特注射液与木糖醇注射液、转化糖注射液配伍后24h内稳定。     

Oral mutans streptococci levels following use of a xylitol mouth rinse: a double‐blind,randomized, controlled clinical trial

Xylitol‐sweetened chewing gum has cariostatic properties, but is not suitable for all patients. This study evaluated the effect of xylitol rinse on mutans streptococci (MS) levels in the mouth. One hundred and five subjects with high salivary MS levels were randomly assigned to one of three groups. Subjects in the positive control group (N = 35) chewed two xylitol gum pellets for at least 5 minutes three times daily (xylitol dose: 4.3g/day). The experimental group (N = 36) rinsed with 20 mL of an aqueous solution of xylitol twice daily for 60 seconds (dose: 4.4g/day). The negative control group (N = 34) used neither product. No attempt was made to change the subjects’ diet. Mean MS levels at baseline were 5.6 (0.1) in positive control, 5.4 (0.1) in experimental, and 5.5 (0.1) in negative control groups. After 3 months, MS levels were 4.4 (0.2), 4.4 (0.2), and 4.9 (0.2), respectively. Differences between groups were not significant by ANOVA (p = .2); however, MS levels tended to be lower in the experimental and positive control groups. Xylitol rinse and chewing gum caused a similar but statistically insignificant reduction in MS levels in the mouth.     

The effect of polyol-combinant saliva stimulants on S. mutans levels in plaque and saliva of patients with mental retardation

The effect of chewable saliva-stimulants on Streptococcus mutans levels in dental plaque and paraffin-stimulated whole saliva among participants who were mentally disabled was investigated. Over 64-days, 98 participants chewed one of four saliva-stimulating tablets five times/day. The tablets contained one of the following: xylitol (X) or sorbitol (S), or 1:1 mixtures of xylitol and erythritol (XE) or sorbitol and erythritol (SE). Consumption of xylitol and sorbitol in Groups X and S was 5.4 grams/day/ subject, and of each polyol in Groups XE and SE, consumption was 2.7 g/day/subject. Interproximal dental plaque and stimulated whole saliva were sampled at baseline, at Day 36, and Day 64. There was a statistically significant reduction of S. mutans in plaque and saliva counts in Groups X and XE. The percentage of S. mutans in total streptococci increased significantly in dental plaque in Group S but decreased in the other groups. The results suggest that xylitol-containing saliva stimulants may be more effective than sorbitol-containing products in controlling some caries-associated parameters in people who are mentally disabled. Also a relationship may exist between the pentitol-type xylitol and S. mutans , and erythritol may exert a specific biochemical effect on this organism, although further studies are needed.     

Effect of sorbitol- and xylitol-containing chewing gum on salivary microflora, saliva, and oral sugar clearance

Abstract – The effect of frequent use of a sorbitol-containing nicotine chewing gum on saliva secretion rate and buffer capacity and some oral bacteria was studied in 27 patients at a smoking cessation clinic. The effect was compared with that obtained after frequent use of a chewing gum containing xylitol in a second study in 14 subjects. The results showed that sorbitol-containing nicotine chewing gum had no significant effect on salivary numbers of oral streptococci and lactobacilli during a 3-month period of active chewing five times a day. Chewing on xylitol-containing gum caused a significant decrease in salivary S. mutans after 2 months but not after 3 months. No change in secretion rate or buffer capacity was observed in the two studies. Oral sugar clearance time was reduced after 3 months with a statistically significant difference to baseline values in subjects consuming the sorbitol-containing nicotine chewing gum.     

Effect or aqueous solutions of sorbitol-xylitol on plaque metabilism and on growth of Streptococcus mutans

Abstract – The present study showed that the growth of Streptococcus mutans GS5 was inhibited by xylitol, and this indicates together with previous reports that this is a common phenomenon in this species. Sorbitol was found to increase the growth of S. mutans strains OMZ 176 and GS5 slightly compared with cultures with no external carbon source. Additional of small amounts of xylitol to the sorbitol cultures give a growth below that of cultures with no extra carbon. Dental plaque chalenged with sorbitol gave a small pH drop whereas xylitol caused a negligible decrease in pH. Sorbitol-xylitol challenges gave less acid production than sorbitol challenges alone.