放疗同时应用小剂量方克治疗老年食管癌的临床观察

为了观察方克同步放射治疗老年食管癌的疗效及不良反应。将40例>70岁老年食管癌患者分为两组,增敏组20例和单放组20例。放疗采用6MV或15MVX线,常规分割放疗。1·8~2·0Gy/次,5次/周,总剂量55~65Gy/5~7周完成。放疗同步使用方克小剂量0·7g加入生理盐水500mL,静脉滴入,每周一至五,直至放疗结束。结果增敏组与单放组有效率分别为90·0%(18/20)和50·0%(10/20),两组比较差异有统计学意义,χ2=7·62,P=0·006;1、2和3年生存率增敏组分别为80%(16/20)、50%(10/20)和35%(7/20);单放组分别为40%(8/20)、20%(4/20)和5%(1/20),两组比较差异有统计学意义,χ2值分别为6·67、3·96和3·91,P值分别为0·009、0·048和0·049。增敏组发生急性消化道反应和白细胞下降高于单放组,多数为1~2级。初步研究结果提示,方克联合放疗方案安全、耐受性好,疗效佳。     

含硒的替加氟硫代磷酯合成*

目的：合成含硒的替加氟的硫代磷酯，并测定其活性。方法：2-N，N-二乙胺基-1，3，2-二氧磷杂戊烷依次与羟乙基替加氟及硫反应，得到中间体2-O-（N^1-替加氟）乙基-3-S-1，3，2-二氧磷杂戊烷（2）。化合物2与芳硒化钠反应得到标题化合物3。结果：得到3个新化合物，其结构经过^1HNMR，^31PNMR及MS确证。试验了3a～c对膀胱癌细胞T-24、胃癌细胞BGC-823抑制作用。结论：化合物3a-3c对膀胱癌细胞T-24和胃癌细胞BGC-823具有一定的抑制作用。     

Improved survival with oral administration of enteric-coated tegafur/uracil for advanced stage IV-A hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: There is currently no proven chemotherapy regimen for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The principal chemotherapeutic approach in most cases is infusion therapy into the hepatic arteries feeding the tumors. However, the clinical effects of chemotherapy are extremely poor. Therefore, in the present study, we conducted a prospective randomized trial of the efficacy of oral administration of enteric-coated tegafur/uracil for advanced HCC. METHODS: From 1994 to 1999, a total of 56 consecutive patients with unresectable stage IV-A HCC were studied prospectively to examine the efficacy of enteric-coated tegafur/uracil in HCC and to determine the significant prognostic factors. Twenty-eight patients were treated only with enteric-coated tegafur/uracil without other anticancer treatment. Another 20 patients were given conservative management only. The remaining eight patients withdrew from the study. RESULTS: In the group treated only with enteric-coated tegafur/uracil, the median survival time and 1 and 2 year survival rates were 12.13 months and 55.3 and 36.9%, respectively. In the control group, the median survival time and 1 year survival rate were 6.20 months and 5.5%, respectively. By both univariate analysis and multivariate analysis using Cox's proportional hazards model, treatment with enteric-coated tegafur/uracil was shown to be the factor most significantly favoring a better prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: Although the prognosis of most patients with stage IV-A HCC is poor, administration of enteric-coated tegafur/uracil induces long-term survival and is an effective treatment for stage IV-A HCC.     

阿帕替尼联合替吉奥在晚期食管癌二线治疗中的临床效果及药物不良反应

目的 观察阿帕替尼联合替吉奥在晚期食管癌二线治疗中的临床效果及药物不良反应.方法 回顾性选取2017年1月至2020年1月本院晚期一线治疗失败的60例食管癌患者,依据二线治疗方法将其分为联合治疗组(阿帕替尼联合替吉奥治疗)和单独治疗组(阿帕替尼治疗),各30例.比较两组患者的临床疗效、药物不良反应发生情况、生存质量满意...     

Promotion of the Warburg effect is associated with poor benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy in colorectal cancer

Metabolic reprogramming, including the Warburg effect, is a hallmark of cancer. Indeed, the diversity of cancer metabolism leads to cancer heterogeneity, but accurate assessment of metabolic properties in tumors has not yet been undertaken. Here, we performed absolute quantification of the expression levels of 113 proteins related to carbohydrate metabolism and antioxidant pathways, in stage III colorectal cancer surgical specimens from 70 patients. The Warburg effect appeared in absolute protein levels between tumor and normal mucosa specimens demonstrated. Notably, the levels of proteins associated with the tricarboxylic citric acid cycle were remarkably reduced in the malignant tumors which had relapsed after surgery and treatment with 5‐fluorouracil‐based adjuvant therapy. In addition, the efficacy of 5‐fluorouracil also decreased in the cultured cancer cell lines with promotion of the Warburg effect. We further identified nine and eight important proteins, which are closely related to the Warburg effect, for relapse risk and 5‐fluorouracil benefit, respectively, using a biomarker exploration procedure. These results provide us a clue for bridging between metabolic protein expression profiles and benefit from 5‐fluorouracil adjuvant chemotherapy.     

三维适形调强放疗联合替吉奥治疗进展期胃癌术后患者的临床效果

目的探讨三维适形调强放疗联合替吉奥治疗进展期胃癌术后患者的临床效果。方法回顾性分析100例进展期胃癌患者的临床资料,依据术后治疗方法将患者分为三维适形调强放疗联合替吉奥治疗组(联合治疗组,n=50)与单独替吉奥治疗组(单独治疗组,n=50)。比较两组的临床效果。结果联合治疗组的治疗总有效率高于单独治疗组,恶心呕吐、白细胞减少、血红蛋白减少发生率低于单独治疗组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组的Karnofsky评分均升高,且联合治疗组高于单独治疗组(P<0.05)。联合治疗组的淋巴结转移或复发率低于单独治疗组,1年生存率、1年无进展生存率均高于单独治疗组,中位总生存期、中位无进展生存期均长于单独治疗组(P<0.05)。结论三维适形调强放疗联合替吉奥治疗进展期胃癌术后的临床效果及预后较单独替吉奥治疗好。