舒适护理在成年男性全麻手术患者留置导尿中的应用研究

目的 探究在成年全麻手术患者中留置导尿舒适护理的干预效果.方法 选择2012年7月至2013年12月在我院进行全麻手术的成年男性(18～60岁)患者116例.以数字法随机分为观察组和对照组各58例.其中观察组采用舒适护理干预,对照组采用常规留置导尿管护理.对比两组患者在麻醉苏醒时尿道舒适度、躁动情况,并记录拔管时的平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)以及疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS).结果 观察组在苏醒时尿道舒适度达到0级以及躁动为0级患者分别占81.03％(47/58)、74.14％(43/58),均显著高于对照组;并且观察组患者在苏醒时MAP、HR以及VAS均明显低于对照组;差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 在全麻手术留置导尿中采用舒适护理能减小对患者尿道的刺激性,极大降低苏醒时躁动患者比例.在对患者血压、心率的稳定作用也优于常规护理     

右美托咪定混合罗哌卡因用于缓解上肢长时间手术中止血带反应的效果观察

目的 探讨右美托咪定混合罗哌卡因在肌间沟复合腋路臂丛神经阻滞应用于上肢长时间手术中的疗效观察。 方法 60例急诊断指(多指)、断腕或断臂手术患者,ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级,手术时间8～10 h,随机分配为2组 (n=30):罗哌卡因组(R组)采用1%罗哌卡因15 mL+2%利多卡因10 mL加生理盐水至40 mL;右美托咪定混合罗哌卡因组(DR组)采用1%罗哌卡因15 mL+2%利多卡因10 mL+盐酸右美托咪定1 μg/kg加生理盐水至40 mL。以神经刺激器定位肌间沟臂丛神经分支(腋神经)及腋路臂丛神经主分支(尺神经、桡神经、正中神经和肌皮神经),止血带充气压力200～250 mmHg,压迫时间90 min。观察并记录入室时(T0)、阻滞后1.5 h(T1)、3 h(T2)、4.5 h(T3)、6 h(T4)、7.5 h(T5)、9 h(T6)及术毕(T7)患者的一般生命体征(MAP、HR),同时以VAS评分法评估患者止血带反应的程度,若无法忍受止血带反应,臂丛加药后试验结束。记录患者止血带耐受情况,并以Ramsay评分评价R组及DR组的镇静程度,记录术中出现的不良反应。结果 与R组相比,DR组患者对止血带耐受率明显升高,且差异有统计学意义(P <0.05),止血带疼痛时间出现延迟(P <0.05) ;与R组比较, DR组T1～T5时HR减慢(P <0.05),DR组有7例出现窦性心动过缓,两组均未出现止血带严重并发症。 结论 1 μg/kg右美托咪定混合1%罗哌卡因对减轻上肢长时间手术带来的止血带疼痛安全、有效,并可延迟止血带疼痛出现的时间。     

The comparison of Nice knots and traditional methods as an auxiliary reduction-fixation technique in pre-contoured locking plate fixation for comminuted Robinson type 2B clavicle fracture: A retrospective study

Open reduction and pre-contoured locking plate fixation is a popular treatment option for displaced midshaft clavicle fracture. Lag screw and cerclage are 2 main intraoperative techniques to reduce and fix fragments. However, both lag screw and metallic cerclage have disadvantages. The doubled-suture Nice knot has been reported in many areas of orthopedic surgery for its effectiveness. This study aims to compare the outcomes of comminuted mid-shaft clavicle fractures reduced by Nice knots vs traditional techniques (lag screw or/and metallic cerclage) when bridged with pre-contoured locking plates.We retrospectively reviewed 101 patients (65 females and 36 males) diagnosed with midshaft clavicle fractures with at least one wedge fragment reduced by either Nice knots or traditional methods and bridged with pre-contoured locking plates between December 2016 and April 2019. Operation time, functional outcomes, pain, patient satisfaction, fracture healing, and complications were assessed at a follow-up of 12 to 40 months.The mean age of all the patients was 50.8 years. There were 52 and 49 patients in the Nice knot group and traditional group respectively, and no differences between 2 groups were found in general patient characteristics, fracture type, follow up and injury-to-surgery duration. The Nice knot group had significant less operation time (P < .01) than the traditional group (mean and standard deviation [SD], 78.6 ± 19.0 compared with 94.4 ± 29.9 minutes, respectively). For healing time, functional score, pain, satisfaction and complications, there were no significant differences between groups, despite the Nice knot group had slightly better results.Both Nice knots and traditional methods treated for comminuted Robinson type 2B clavicle fractures were effective and safe. And the Nice knots seemed to be superior with significant less operation time.     

Atrioesophageal fistula after atrial fibrillation catheter ablation: A case report

Rationale:Atrioesophageal fistula (AEF) is a rare but serious complication of atrial fibrillation (AF) catheter ablation with associated high mortality rates.Patient concerns:A 42-year-old male patient who underwent catheter ablation in local hospital 20 days ago because of persistent AF was admitted to our Emergency Room with unconsciousness and high axillary temperature and white blood cell count. Craniocerebral CT scan found multiple infarct lesions in both frontal and occipital lobes. Pneumatosis between the left atrium and the esophagus was observed in the chest CT.Diagnoses:AEF.Interventions:We performed a salvage operation of the left atrium debridement, and left atrium patch repairing under extracorporeal circulation. We opened the mediastinum, and dissected the esophageal perforation. A special irrigating catheter with multiple side ports on the tip was placed from the esophagus to the posterior mediastinum through the esophageal orificium fistulae. We also inserted a gastrointestinal tube to the jejunum under gastroscopy. Three additional drainage tubes were inserted into the esophageal bed and the right thoracic cavity.Outcomes:The procedure was successful. But 7 days later, the patient''s family chose to forgo treatment due to multiple cerebral infarcts, respiratory and blood system infection, liver failure, and other complications.Lessons:AEF is a rare but fatal complication after catheter ablation. Heightened vigilance is required for early recognition of the AEF. Surgical treatment should be performed as early as possible, especially before the neurological complications occur.     

Pre-surgical peripheral blood inflammation markers predict surgical site infection following mesh repair of groin hernia

Surgical site infection (SSI) is a costly postoperative complication with a decrease in the quality of life. We aimed to probe the predictive role of peripheral blood inflammation markers for SSI following mesh repair of groin hernia (GH).This retrospective study assessed the data of 1177 patients undergoing elective mesh repair of GH (open/laparoscopy) in the absence of antibiotic prophylaxis. The relation between demographics, surgical factors, pre-surgical laboratory results and the occurrence of SSI were investigated by univariate and multivariate analyses. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed to determine the optimal threshold of parameters and compare their veracity.The overall SSI rate was 3.2% with 1-year follow-up (38 superficial and 1 deep SSI). Patients with SSI had significant higher pre-surgical neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) than those without (P = .029 and P = .045, respectively); their NLR and PLR correlated positively with postoperative total days of antibiotic treatment for SSI (r = .689, P = .000; r = .493, P = .001; respectively). NLR and PLR had larger areas under the receiver operating characteristics curves than neutrophil (.875 vs. .601; P = .000; .726 vs. .601; P = .017). The combination of PLR and neutrophil/NLR raised the predictive sensitivity of PLR for SSI (sensitivity: PLR: 74.36%; PLR + neutrophil: 82.05%; PLR + NLR: 83.57%). On multivariate analyses, higher preoperative NLR (cut-off 2.44) and PLR (cut-off 125.42) were independent predictors for SSI.Higher pre-surgical NLR and PLR may be valuable predictors for SSI following elective mesh repair of GH.     

Treatment of retroperitoneal echinococcosis: the experience of a single center

Retroperitoneal echinococcosis (RE) is a rare condition that is associated with a high mortality and disability rate. It is associated with a high rate of misdiagnosis, a high risk of surgery, and is extremely difficult to manage. There is no uniform standard for determining the exact form of surgical method and the timing of surgery.This was a retrospective analysis of the characteristics and surgical management of patients diagnosed with RE in our hospital between 2012 and 2019.Between 2012 and 2019, 1257 cases of echinococcosis and 121 cases of RE were diagnosed in our hospital. Of these, 68 cases involved surgical treatment, 53 involved non-surgical treatment, and 12 cases were lost to follow-up (4 cases in the surgical group and 8 cases in the non-surgical group). Thus, 109 cases were followed-up. RE cases were divided according to different treatment methods into a radical resection group (Group A, 31 cases), a non-radical resection group (Group B, 37 cases), and a non-surgical group (Group C, 53 cases). We carried out a detailed analysis of the 109 cases experiencing surgical intervention with effective follow-up.Our analysis found that radical resection is the first line of treatment of RE, although non-radical surgery can benefit most patients. It is important to emphasize the importance of the first round of surgery, particularly in cases involving hepatic echinococcosis. If the lesion can be removed radically during the first round of surgery, then radical surgery should be performed.     

Survival comparison between radiofrequency ablation and surgical resection for patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective:This study aimed to evaluate and compare the long-term therapeutic efficacy of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) versus that of surgical resection in small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods:Relevant articles in English from PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were retrieved. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated to assess the prognostic value of RFA compared with that of surgical resection.Results:A total of 19 studies involving 15,071 patients were included. The combined HRs (95% confidence interval [CI]) of RFA for recurrence/relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were 1.55 (95% CI = 1.29-1.86, I² = 72.5%) and 1.61 (95% CI = 1.29-2.01, I² = 60.4%), respectively, compared with surgical resection. In subgroup analyses according to study design, both RFS and OS of the prospective subgroups showed statistical significance, and no statistical heterogeneity existed between studies.Conclusion:Our clinical data suggest that surgical resection offers better long-term oncologic outcomes than RFA.     

循证护理应用于腹腔镜胆囊炎患者切除术后的效果观察

目的探讨循证护理在腹腔镜胆囊炎患者切除术后的效果。方法分析我院2010年5月至2014年9月普外科收治的402例胆囊炎患者临床资料,依据是否实施循证护理措施进行临床分组,普通护理组200例和循证护理组202例。结果循证护理组术后疼痛、恶心、呕吐、胆漏、出血发生率均低于普通护理组,循证护理组护理差错发生率和患者满意度均优于普通护理组,P<0.05,差异均有统计学意义。结论循证护理在腹腔镜胆囊炎患者中应用后可以明显的降低术后并发症发生率,提高护理工作质量,值得临床推广应用。     

腹腔镜微创手术与传统开腹手术对结直肠癌患者免疫和生理功能影响的临床观察

目的 探讨对于临床确诊为结直肠癌患者采用腹腔镜手术较传统开放手术的免疫和生理反应方面的影响.方法 选取2013年6月至2014年6月经临床确诊为结直肠癌并于我院消化外科采用腹腔镜手术治疗的50例患者为观察组,同期采用传统开腹手术进行治疗的50例患者为对照组,比较分析两组患者的免疫和生理反应的变化.结果 与对照组比较,术后7天CD4/CD3、术后3天IgM在观察组中升高、术后3天IL-6和CPR在观察组中降低,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.01);与对照组比较,术后7天TNF-α在观察组中降低,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).在生理功能的比较中,观察组患者在胃动素和胃泌素的分泌方面优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 因腹腔镜手术对患者的免疫和生理功能的损伤小,更有利于健康的恢复,值得在临床上推广使用.