40m 以浅潜艇艇员饱和暴露后脱险减压方法的研究

1991～1992年进行了两次8人次模拟20、40m 饱和暴露后脱险减压方法的人体实验研究。在20m 空气饱和暴露后直接出水.在水面进行压力转移,6人次中出现皮肤瘙痒和关节疼痛4人次,当再加压回到20m后,症状消失:水面间隔总时间为9～15min。在4人次j40m 空气饱和暴露后直接减压到22m(再进行水面转移),未发现任何减压病症状。实验期间还观察了:在高压下人体自身的实际耗氧及高分压氧对肺部的影响。实验结果为今后现场实际应用的饱和脱险减压方法、减压程序提供了依据。     

The surfaces of the parasitic nematodes Trichinella spiralis and Toxocara canis differ in the binding of post-C3 components of human complement by the alternative pathway

The binding of human complement components C3, C5 and C9 to the surface of the infective larvae of the nematode parasites Toxocara canis and Trichinella spiralis, by the alternative pathway, was examined by direct and indirect immunofluorescence on the intact parasites. This showed that although C3 bound to both nematodes, they differed markedly in the binding of C5 and C9; C5 bound only minimally to T. spiralis, and C9 binding to this parasite was barely detectable. In contrast, both early and late components bound to T. canis to a high density, comparable to, or in excess of, the binding of these components to the infective larvae of the trematode Schistosoma mansoni. The lack of binding of the post-C3 components to T. spiralis did not correlate with enhanced binding of the control protein, Factor H.     

中央沟上段及其邻近沟回的体表定位及其临床意义

目的：探讨在MRI和CT图像上观测中央沟上段及其邻近沟回的特征，进行精确体表定位。方法：30例成人头颅和扫描无颅恼器质性病变10份CT，100份MRI片，在头颅正中欠状面上观测头颅外形和平行于耳眦线平而以上100mm内的前后正巾线的中点及中垂线。在横位图像上观测中央沟上段及其邻近沟回的特征和二维坐标参数。结果：成人头颅近似标准球形。住82％头颅卜平行耳眦线平面的正中点的的投影在垂直耳眦线过外耳道的直线卜，另外18％偏离基线面中垂线小于7mm。上段中央沟在耳眦线平面上70～95mm。84％额上沟与中央前沟相交呈倒T字征，交点住前后中线旁24～27mm，耳眦线平面的中垂线前2～6mm。中央沟上段起点前后中线旁1～15mm，耳眦线平而的中垂线后12～28mm，手结征98％。中央后沟在中央沟之后8～13mm与其平行。结论：每人上段中央沟及其邻近沟回的特征能被MRI精确体表定位。     

A method combining morphological, immunocytochemical and chromosomal examinations of the same cell in the study of lymphoproliferative diseases

6 cases of different lymphoproliferative diseases were studied with the new MAC (Morphology-Antibody-Chromosome) method in order to find out 1) if the abnormal karyotype is confined to the monoclonal cell population, 2) if there are, within this clone, also cells with a normal karyotype, and 3) if the method can help the pathologist to diagnose malignant lymphoproliferative diseases. The MAC method allows a simultaneous study in the same metaphase cell of the karyotype, surface markers, and some morphological features. In all cases in which a monoclonal cell proliferation was detected immunohistologically, the MAC examination showed a chromosomal abnormality for the same light chain as was detected in immunohistology, but not in other cells. In all but a single case, all mitotic cells belonging to the clonal cell proliferation had an abnormal karyotype. In this case with lambda clonality, 2/8 lambda-positive mitoses had a normal karyotype. However, all the normal mitoses occurred in small lymphocytes whereas the abnormal mitoses were seen in large blastic cells. In 1 case, the MAC method helped in confirming the diagnosis of malignant lymphoma (nodular small cleaved cell type). Especially in lymphomas composed of a mixed cell population, the MAC method makes it possible to find out which cell types have an abnormal karyotype and which have a normal karyotype.     

延髓—脊髓P物质能神经元下行通路参与毒扁豆碱的中枢升压反应

大鼠延髓腹侧面头端应用毒扁豆碱引起血压升高和心率加快,伴有延髓腹侧面头端胆碱酯酶活性降低和脊髓蛛网膜下腔灌流液中P物质样免疫反应活性升高。在延髓腹侧面头端应用阿托品或脊髓蛛网膜下腔注射P物质拮抗剂D-脯~2,D-苯丙~7,D-色~9-P物质均可阻断毒扁豆碱的心血管效应。脊髓蛛网膜下腔注射P物质抗血清或辣椒素均可减弱毒扁豆碱的升压反应。实验结果提示,毒扁豆碱作用于延髓腹侧面头端的M受体,兴奋了延髓-脊髓P物质能神经元下行通路,使之释放P物质,引起交感肾上腺髓质系统兴奋,从而使血压升高和心率加快。     

HBV_2患者血清HBsAg的氨基酸组成分析

将２例ＨＢＶ＿２患者血清ＨＢｓＡｇ纯化，分析了ＨＢＶ＿２的ＨＢｓＡｇ氨基酸组成，并与分子量为６３０１９８道尔顿ＨＢＶ＿１的ＨＢｓＡｇ三种多肽氨基醚组成比较。实验发现，ＨＢＶ＿２与ＨＢＶ＿１的ＨＢｓＡｇ的氨基醚组成有较大区别，且区别指数均在１３以上。提示ＨＢＶ＿１和ＨＢＶ＿２的ＨＢｓＡｇ在一级结构上存在较大差异；ＨＢＶ＿２可能系一新的乙型肝炎病毒，也可能系由于ＨＢＶ＿１Ｓ区核苷酸突变所致的变异株。     

聚醚砜耐高温摩阻材料的研究

用热塑性聚(氧-1,4-亚苯基磺酰基-1,4-亚苯基)(聚醚砜)树脂作粘接剂,制备耐高温摩阻材料,探索了材料的压制工艺。试验证实了:聚醚砜树脂和制成的摩阻材料,其耐热性和摩擦磨损性能,较大程度优于改性酚醛树脂和其制成的材料。通过近代表面分析手段对摩擦表面和磨屑进行了分析,并探讨了其磨损机理。     

Chironomids fail to emerge from LAS-contaminated water

The effect of the surfactant LAS was investigated on chironomid emergence using six outdoor artificial channels. The concentrations of LAS were mostly between 1 and 2 mgl^-1 in the three treated channels. Chironomus yoshimatsui, Cricotopus tamapullus, Eukiefferiella coerescens, Eukiefferiella sp. and Thienemanniella majuscula were the major chironomids obtained with emergence traps. The number of midges trapped did not differ significantly between the treatment and the control for either of the species. On the other hand, the ratios of midges failing to emerge to the total midges trapped was significantly higher in the treatment than in the control for all of the species. The results show that chironomids emergence is difficult as a result of LAS treatment probably due to the lowered surface tension.     

Treatment of chronic hepatitis B

SUMMARY. Chronic infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major cause of worldwide morbidity and mortality. A large number of therapeutic approaches has been tried, including interferon (IFN), nucleoside analogues and immunomodulators. To date controlled clinical trials have shown that only IFN is of long-term value but many patients fail to respond to treatment. New approaches to treating patients with IFN-resistant hepatitis B are currently undergoing clinical and experimental evaluation, and it seems likely that new therapeutic agents will be available in the near future.