病毒性心肌炎主题词和副主题词关联规则分析

利用频数统计、关联规则算法,对中国中医药期刊文献数据库中1984-2007年病毒性心肌炎文献涉及的主题词和副主题词进行分析,抽取隐含规律,为病毒性心肌炎的临床诊疗及科研提供思路。     

基于评估体系创新的医院学科建设路径探索与思考

通过简要介绍医院学科评估体系及其创新之处,如评估指标完善、评估方式创新、评估主体的丰富等.结合学科评估结果,医院从学科建设关键要素人手,优化学科布局,即制定院科二级学科建设规划、凝练学术方向等;完善运行机制,包括学科奖惩机制、科研管理机制;培育学术梯队等,科学有效地推进医院学科建设.     

Radiography—An etymological and semantic concept analysis from the perspective of radiographic science

Introduction

Concepts are cornerstones in science, and their determination is a prerequisite for understanding their substance and meaning. Radiography as a concept is not straightforward nor simple to understand, and there are different interpretations depending on the scientific perspective. To develop truthful knowledge of radiography from the perspective of the discipline, a determination of the subject and substance of radiography is required and thereby is a precursor for theory development. The aim of this study was to investigate the etymological and semantic meaning of radiography from the radiography science perspective.

Methods

An etymological and semantic analysis has been applied according to Koort and Eriksson's theoretical model. Dictionaries published between 2004 and 2021 were used.

Results

The findings show that etymologically, radiography is formed by compounding the words ‘radio’ and ‘graphy’, originating historically from Latin and Greek. The semantic analysis revealed that the substance of radiography consisted of four characteristics that are the basic substance of radiography. The characteristics were X-ray and radiation, human beings—opaque objects, process including an act and art and images.

Conclusion

This study clarifies the substance and meaning of radiography as a subject from the perspective of radiography science. The subject and substance consisted of the four basic characteristics that all are vital and required to understand the concept of radiography. The characteristics revealed that radiography science is based on scientific knowledge and carrier of properties of meaning that provide a fundamental understanding of radiography science.

Implications for Practice

Investigating the subject, substance and meaning of radiography as a concept can become the base for further theoretical, contextual and practical understanding and support in the development of theory in radiography science.     

Monitoring and modifying recruitment and retention strategies for an ongoing randomised clinical trial with venous leg ulcer patients: Overcoming barriers to participation

Venous leg ulcers (VLUs) are open skin lesions of the lower legs arising in areas affected by venous hypertension that are associated with substantial morbidity. Clinical trials testing innovative approaches to improve healing outcomes are critically needed because standard therapies are often ineffective. However, patients with VLUs frequently have multiple physical, emotional and socioeconomic challenges that can negatively impact their decision to enrol in a clinical trial. To benefit clinical researchers and ultimately the community of patients with chronic wounds, this paper describes the monitoring and modification of recruitment strategies in an ongoing clinical trial testing effects of omega-3 fatty acid oral supplementation on VLU healing in ageing adults (n = 208). Multiple modifications over time in this study have targeted participation barriers identified through data monitoring and include expanding inclusion criteria, adding recruitment sites, enhancing communication methods, and meeting patients' transportation needs. Recruitment activities from January 2019 to June 2022 have resulted in 57 participants (mean age: 63.7 years). Overall, the recruitment rate is 42.5% of patients contacted during face-to-face visits. Overcoming barriers to participation is key to helping patients with VLUs interested in research enrol in clinical trials aiming to improve healing outcomes in this vulnerable population.     

Impact of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on post-hepatectomy regeneration for patients with colorectal cancer liver metastasis – Systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundToday, there is still debate on the impact of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NeoChem) on liver regeneration (LivReg). The objectives of this study were to assess the impact of NeoChem and its characteristics (addition of bevacizumab, number of cycles and time from end of NeoChem) on post-hepatectomy LivReg.Material & methodsStudies reporting LivReg in patients submitted to liver resection were included. Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched. Only studies comparing NeoChem vs no chemotherapy or comparing chemotherapy characteristics from 1990 to present were included. Two researchers individually screened the identified records registered in a predesigned database. Primary outcome was future liver remnant regeneration rate (FLR3). Bias of the studies was evaluated with the ROBINS-I tool, and quality of evidence with the GRADE system. Data was presented as mean difference or standard mean difference.ResultsEight studies with a total of 681 patients were selected. Seven were retrospective and one prospective comparative cohort studies. In patients submitted to major hepatectomy, NeoChem did not have an impact on LivReg (MD 3.12, 95% CI -2,12–8.36, p 0,24). Adding bevacizumab to standard NeoChem was associated with better FLR3 (SMD 0.45, 95% CI 0.19–0.71, p 0.0006).DiscussionThe main drawback of this review is the retrospective nature of the available studies. NeoChem does not have a negative impact on postoperative LivReg in patients submitted to liver resection. Regimens with bevacizumab seem to be associated with better postoperative LivReg rates when compared to standard NeoChem.     

Multidimensional factors determine skill acquisition development in Guided Self-Determination: A qualitative study

Aim

The aim of the study was to investigate nurses' skill acquisition in Guided Self-Determination according to the Dreyfus model of skill acquisition and Patricia Benner's studies based on the same model.

Background

Globally, person-centred care is acknowledged as an essential aspect of quality in health care. To succeed with person-centred care methods and skills are necessary. Guided Self-Determination is a person-centred method developed in the field of nursing. The method represents a new way of skill acquisition requiring knowledge of how skills are acquired, unfolded and best supported in Guided Self-Determination.

Design

Qualitative interview study.

Method

From January 2019 to August 2019, 16 nurses were interviewed about their experiences of learning and using Guided Self-Determination in three different gynaecological settings: cancer, endometriosis and sexual abuse. The study was registered with the Danish Data Protection Agency (file no.: VD-2018-445, I-Suite no.: 6700).

Results

The spectrum in Guided Self-Determination acquisition skills ranged from following schematical procedures in a rigorous way to an extended understanding of exploring and supporting the person-centred concept. Two main themes were identified: Elements in the transition of knowledge from theory to practice and Aspects associated with Guided Self-Determination skill acquisition.

Conclusions

Nurses practised Guided Self-Determination at different levels. Quantity of practising Guided Self-Determination was not the only aspect determining rapid progression. The Dreyfus model lacked several explanatory components of skill acquisition, such as personal dispositions, preferences, motivation, personal values and context.