全文获取类型
收费全文 | 741篇 |
免费 | 49篇 |
国内免费 | 32篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 17篇 |
儿科学 | 12篇 |
妇产科学 | 11篇 |
基础医学 | 70篇 |
口腔科学 | 55篇 |
临床医学 | 82篇 |
内科学 | 45篇 |
皮肤病学 | 19篇 |
神经病学 | 10篇 |
特种医学 | 55篇 |
外科学 | 101篇 |
综合类 | 127篇 |
预防医学 | 28篇 |
眼科学 | 14篇 |
药学 | 127篇 |
中国医学 | 28篇 |
肿瘤学 | 21篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2023年 | 13篇 |
2022年 | 12篇 |
2021年 | 31篇 |
2020年 | 21篇 |
2019年 | 27篇 |
2018年 | 20篇 |
2017年 | 30篇 |
2016年 | 22篇 |
2015年 | 33篇 |
2014年 | 55篇 |
2013年 | 70篇 |
2012年 | 57篇 |
2011年 | 54篇 |
2010年 | 33篇 |
2009年 | 35篇 |
2008年 | 27篇 |
2007年 | 33篇 |
2006年 | 41篇 |
2005年 | 26篇 |
2004年 | 23篇 |
2003年 | 21篇 |
2002年 | 30篇 |
2001年 | 12篇 |
2000年 | 11篇 |
1999年 | 15篇 |
1998年 | 9篇 |
1997年 | 5篇 |
1996年 | 7篇 |
1995年 | 7篇 |
1994年 | 7篇 |
1993年 | 8篇 |
1992年 | 3篇 |
1991年 | 6篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 3篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1969年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有822条查询结果,搜索用时 343 毫秒
51.
52.
Giovanni Gambaro Antonia Fabris Lorenzo Citron Enrica Tosetto Franca Anglani Francesco Bellan Marilena Conte Luciana Bonfante Antonio Lupo Angela D'Angelo 《Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation》2005,20(6):1042-1047
Of unknown pathogenesis, sponge kidney (SK) is variably associated with nephrocalcinosis, stones, nephronic tubule dysfunctions and precalyceal duct cysts. Amongst 72 unrelated renal SK patients with renal stone disease, we detected one with unilateral bifid renal pelvis and six with unilateral small kidneys (longitudinal diameter difference >15%). Secondary causes of small kidney were excluded. Of the seven cases, four had reduced renal function (67 vs 7% in the entire cohort), and three developed hyperparathyroidism during follow-up (43 vs 4%). The pathogenesis of SK ought to explain why anatomical structures of different embryological origin are involved (the precalyceal and collecting ducts and the nephron) and why there is frequent association with hyperparathyroidism. In embryogenesis, the metanephric blastema synthesizes the chemotactic glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) to prompt the ureteric bud to branch off from Wolff's mesonephric duct, and to approach and invade the blastema. The bud's tip expresses the GDNF receptor (RET). RET-GDNF binding is crucial not only for the correct formation of ureters and collecting ducts (both of Wolffian origin), but also for nephrogenesis. We advance the hypothesis that SK results from a disruption in the ureteric bud-metanephric blastema interface, possibly due to one or more mutations or polymorphisms of RET or GDNF genes. This would explain: the concurrent alterations in precalyceal ducts and the functional defects in the nephron, the occasional association with size and the functional asymmetry between the two kidneys, some degree of renal dysplasia causing the reduction in the glomerular filtration rate and (given the role of RET in parathyroid cell proliferation) the association with hyperparathyroidism. 相似文献
53.
OSMOND BRUCE HADDEN FRACO 《Clinical & experimental ophthalmology》1986,14(1):69-73
In 250 consecutive retinal detachment operations performed by the author, there were 14 cases (56%) of infection of the scleral buckle The commonest infecting organism was Staphylococcus aureus.
The surgery in these infected cases took longer than average, and utilized more than the usual amount of silicone sponge, a higher proportion were reoperations After an average follow-up of 22 months, only six of the 14 had vision of 6/36 or better and of these, two had persisting inferior traction detachments.
On the basis of this study and others, the preferred management of infected scleral buckles is to remove the sponge as soon as the diagnosis is made The risk of redetachment is a lesser evil than the sequelae of prolonged inflammation which include traction retinal detachment, massive perirebnal proliferabon, and premacular fibrosis. 相似文献
The surgery in these infected cases took longer than average, and utilized more than the usual amount of silicone sponge, a higher proportion were reoperations After an average follow-up of 22 months, only six of the 14 had vision of 6/36 or better and of these, two had persisting inferior traction detachments.
On the basis of this study and others, the preferred management of infected scleral buckles is to remove the sponge as soon as the diagnosis is made The risk of redetachment is a lesser evil than the sequelae of prolonged inflammation which include traction retinal detachment, massive perirebnal proliferabon, and premacular fibrosis. 相似文献
54.
目的:探讨鼻外进路泪囊鼻腔吻合术失败后,应用明胶海绵联合丝裂霉素在鼻内镜下再手术的效果。方法:自下泪小点导入泪道探针至骨窗,在鼻内镜下予镰状刀切开骨窗处黏膜,清除骨窗的瘢痕组织,扩大骨孔,放入浸有0.2g/L的丝裂霉素棉片5分钟后,用生理盐水清洗,再放入浸有皮质类固醇及抗生素的明胶海绵填入吻合腔,待膨胀的明胶海绵完全填塞吻合口后,下方鼻腔再填入明胶海绵。结果:术后随访6~22个月,治愈13例(81%),好转2例(12%),未愈1例(7%),总有效率93%。结论:丝裂霉素联合压缩明胶海绵对充填吻合道、止血防粘连、抑制纤维化及减轻吻合口收缩起重要作用 相似文献
55.
56.
57.
目的 :观察止血海绵覆盖治疗腰椎后路减压术中硬膜囊撕裂导致显性脑脊液漏的临床疗效,探讨其治疗硬膜囊撕裂的疗效。方法:回顾性分析2014年1月~2016年6月在我院行后路腰椎手术治疗的1896例患者资料(初次手术1850例,翻修手术46例),术中发现硬膜囊撕裂86例(初次手术78例,翻修手术8例),其中男35例,女51例,年龄18~72(53.8±8.3)岁,所有硬膜囊破口术中均行缝合修补。根据是否适用止血海绵覆盖分为两组,A组(46例)术中使用止血海绵覆盖硬膜囊联合明胶海绵加压处理缝合后的硬膜囊破口,B组(40例)术中常规皮下深筋膜覆盖硬膜囊联合明胶海绵覆盖加压处理缝合后的硬膜囊破口。收集患者一般资料、疾病类型、手术时间、硬膜囊撕裂长度、术中失血量,记录两组患者术后脑脊液漏的发生率及其每日引流量、引流管留置时间、起床活动时间、术后脑脊液漏早期并发症情况。术后出现脑脊液漏患者末次随访均复查腰椎MRI,观察术后脑脊液漏远期并发症,是否形成硬膜囊假性囊肿或脑脊液窦道形成。结果 :A组与B组之间性别、年龄、疾病类型、术中硬膜囊撕裂大小、手术时间、术中失血量无统计学差异(P0.05),A组术后脑脊液漏发生率15.2%(7/46)低于B组35.0%(14/40),两组间有统计学差异(P0.05);A组中术后出现脑脊液漏患者引流管留置时间(3.5±1.3d)及平均每日脑脊液引流量(125.0±59.3ml)明显低于B组(10.5±2.1d;329.0±103.1ml),两组间有统计学差异(P0.05);A组中术后出现脑脊液漏患者起床活动时间7.5±1.6d,B组为14.5±2.2d,两组间有统计学差异(P0.05);末次随访时A组出现低颅压性头痛(2/7)、切口渗漏不愈(0/7)、切口感染(0/7)等早期脑脊液漏并发症低于B组(8/14、2/14、1/14)(P0.05)。术后出现脑脊液漏患者术后随访复查腰椎MRI,A组未见明确硬膜外脑脊液囊肿或皮下窦道形成,B组存在硬膜外脑脊液囊肿1例,无皮下脑脊液窦道形成。结论:应用止血海绵覆盖硬膜囊治疗后路腰椎减压术中硬膜囊撕裂导致的显性脑脊液漏有效,可减少脑脊液漏引流管留置时间及引流量,降低术后脑脊液漏的发生率及其相关的早期并发症。 相似文献
58.
目的探讨鼻内窥镜下行改良式鼻中隔黏骨膜瓣移位修补术治疗鼻中隔穿孔效果。方法使用0°,30°鼻内窥镜行改良式鼻中隔黏骨膜瓣移位修补术中应用医用生物蛋白海绵作为贴补材料,不必缝线。结果7例鼻中隔穿孔病例一次性修补愈合。结论鼻内窥镜下行改良式鼻中隔黏骨膜瓣移位修补术中应用医用生物蛋白海绵治疗鼻中隔穿孔是行之有效治疗方法。 相似文献
59.
The efficacy of a novel collagen–gelatin scaffold with basic fibroblast growth factor for the treatment of vocal fold scar 下载免费PDF全文
Nao Hiwatashi Shigeru Hirano Masanobu Mizuta Toshiki Kobayashi Yoshitaka Kawai Shin‐ichi Kanemaru Tatsuo Nakamura Juichi Ito Katsuya Kawai Shigehiko Suzuki 《Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine》2017,11(5):1598-1609
Vocal fold scar remains a therapeutic challenge. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was reported to have regenerative effects for vocal fold scar, although it has the disadvantage of rapid absorption in vivo. A collagen–gelatin sponge (CGS) can compensate for the disadvantage by providing a sustained release system. The current study evaluated the efficacy of CGS combined with bFGF on vocal fold scar, using rat fibroblasts for an in vitro model and a canine in vivo model. We prepared fibroblasts from scarred vocal folds (sVFs) in rats and showed that bFGF accelerated cell proliferation and suppressed expression levels of cleaved caspase 3 and α‐smooth muscle actin. Has 1, Has 3, Fgf2, Hgf and Vegfa mRNA levels were significantly upregulated, while Col1a1 and Col3a1 were dose‐dependently downregulated, with a maximum effect at 100 ng/ml bFGF. In an in vivo assay, 6 weeks after lamina propria stripping, beagles were divided into three groups: CGS alone (CGS group); CGS with bFGF (7 µg/cm2; CGS + bFGF group); or a sham‐treated group. Vibratory examination revealed that the glottal gap was significantly reduced in the bFGF group and the two implanted groups, whereas the CGS + bFGF group showed higher mucosal wave amplitude. Histological examination revealed significantly restored hyaluronic acid and elastin redistribution in the CGS + bFGF group and reductions in dense collagen deposition. These results provide evidence that CGS and bFGF combination therapy may have therapeutic potential and could be a promising tool for treating vocal fold scar. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
60.