维甲酸硅油的视网膜毒性实验研究

目的：了解维甲酸硅油对视网膜是否产生毒性。 方法：12只新西兰白兔的24只眼，随机分为3组，行气体压迫玻璃体手术3天后，分别向玻璃体腔内注入硅油(4只眼)、5μg/ml维甲酸硅油(10只眼)、10μg/ml维甲酸硅油(10只眼)各
0.5m1，用检眼镜、光漳和电镜检查来观察视网膜变化情况。 结果：注入硅油28天后，未发现各浓度的维甲酸硅油对视网膜产生毒性作用。结论：浓度为5、10μg/ml的维甲酸硅油注入玻璃体腔4周，对视网膜不产生毒性作用。 （中华眼底病杂志，1997，13：81-82）     

A pharmacokinetic comparison of the corn oil versus microemulsion gelcap formulation of cyclosporin used de novo after renal transplantation

The initial poor absorption of the corn oil-based, gel capsule oral formulation of cyclosporin (CyA) greatly limits its use for inception of immunosuppressive therapy. Insufficient drug concentrations during the early post-transplant period predispose to renal allograft rejection. The present study served to compare the time required to achieve therapeutic CyA concentrations after de novo administration of the corn oil-based gel capsule (CyA-GC; n = 11) versus the microemulsion (CyA-ME; n = 11) formulation of CyA. During the 1st month after renal transplantation, patients underwent serial pharmacokinetic profiling from which we obtained observed and dose-corrected values of several parameters. Although patients in neither the CyA-GC nor the CyA-ME group adequately absorbed the drug during days 0–2, from day 3 to 4 patients in the CyA-ME group showed significantly greater absorption than those in the CyA-GC group (P = 0.041). Patients in the CyA-ME group reached the 1st month target average concentration (C_av) values ( ≥ 550 ng/ml) earlier than those in the CyA-GC group and required significantly lower daily CyA doses (P = 0.018). We conclude that therapeutic CyA levels can be achieved more rapidly and with lower doses of the drug after de novo administration of CyA-ME than with CyA-GC. Received: 13 September 1996 Accepted: 7 January 1997     

鱼油抗大鼠实验性心律失常作用

鱼油口服给药1.4 ml/kg·d,连续15d能显著升高氯化钡致大鼠心律失常的阈剂量(P<0.05),降低心律失常的严重程度(P<0.05),60 min内窦性心率恢复率为85.7％(P<0.01),死亡率为0。心肌细胞膜脂肪酸分析显示,鱼油影响大鼠心肌细胞膜脂肪酸组成,升高DHA含量(P<0.05),降低AA含量及AA/DHA比值(P<0.01)。多元逐步回归分析表明,鱼油的抗心律失常作用与其升高心肌细胞膜DHA含量有关,相关系数为r=-0.5872(P<0.01)。     

便携式野战真空注油设备的研制

本文将介绍在野战条件下，便携式真空注油设备，可以方便的更换X－线机球管及给变压器注油。并阐述了该设备的结构及原理。     

橄榄油对单核吞噬细胞系统的影响

本文采用橄榄油皮下注射、观察其对小鼠腹腔单核吞噬细胞的游出、活化及吞噬功能。结果发现、橄榄油对上述功能均有明显的抑制作。     

明党参鲜根与药材饮片中精油成分和氨基酸含量比较

对明党参鲜根和饮片中的精油及氨基酸成分进行了比较分析,鉴定出27种精油成分,并发现炮制前后氨基酸成分含量变化较大。     

灰星鲨肝油中甘油酯类与烃类的高效液相色谱分离

采用高效液相色谱法，有效地分离鲨鱼肝油中的两类主要成份甘油酯和烃类。     

The Fort McMurray demonstration project in social marketing: health- and safety-related behaviour among oil sands workers

This is the first round in a series of surveys conducted inFort McMurray as part of the Fort McMurray Demonstration Projectin social marketing. This component of the survey was intendedto focus on the most prominent group of employed workers inthe community and to compare their patterns of response withthe community as a whole. Respondents to the survey were overwhelminglymale (96%), married (72.9%) and living in households of twoto five persons (87.9%). They were predominantly aged 30–44(55%) and graduates of high school (53.5%). Younger male workers(below age 30) were more likely to have a high school diploma(78.3%) or some additional technical or vocational training(21.7% compared to 12.5% overall) and to be unmarried or separated.Attitudes toward safety-related behaviours were stronger thanfor respondents from the community as a whole. Approximately70–100% of all age groups and both sexes showed strongagreement with attitudes involving child car seats and the unacceptabilityof drinking and driving. These attitudes include strong advocacyof vigorous enforcement of occupational health and safety standards.However, they showed a variability similar to the communityas a whole in behaviour at home compared to work, generallyreporting more consistent use of personal protection on thejob than in their own homes, particularly hearing protection.Even so, they were much less likely to perform stretching andwarm-up exercises prior to exertion than community residentsin general. The potential may exist to transfer the technologyand attitudes from workplace health and safety to communitysafety. One possible strategy to accomplish this is to involveworkers in this industry directly in community initiatives.This strategy may be generalizable to any community in whichthere are major employers who place a heavy emphasis on riskcontrol and occupational health and safety.     

Effects of cimetropium bromide on gallbladder contraction in response to oral and intraduodenal olive oil

Summary To evaluate the influence of the stomach and the cholinergic system on gallbladder contraction induced by physiological stimuli, the reduction in gallbladder volume in 7 healthy volunteers has been studied by real-time ultrasonography after the oral and intraduodenal administration of olive oil, preceded by pretreatment with cimetropium bromide or placebo. After an overnight fast, each subject swallowed 50 ml olive oil or it was administered through a naso-duodenal tube in the proximal duodenum. Cimetropium bromide 5 mg or placebo was given intravenously under double-blind control.After the placebo pretreatment, gallbladder contraction was greater and faster after intraduodenal oil than after oral oil. Cimetropium bromide decreased the extent, velocity and duration of gallbladder contraction induced by intraduodenal olive oil but it only reduced the velocity of the contraction induced by oil given orally.It is concluded that in normal human subjects the stomach modulates the extent and velocity of postprandial gallbladder contraction and that anticholinergic agents antagonize the gastric and duodenal phases of the response of the gallbladder to a meal.     

油页岩及其矿渣的致突变研究

采用Ames试验、E Coli大肠杆菌突变试验和动物骨髓细胞微核试验对油页岩及其矿渣提取物进行了致突变性鉴定。结果表明油页岩及其矿渣提取物在微核试验中呈阳性反应,而在细菌回变试验中呈阴性反应。