Effect of Salicylates on Antibiotic Sensitivity

Summary

The effect of sodium salicylate (SA) or acetylsalicylate (ASA) on sensitivity to two different antibiotics on porindeficient Gram-negative bacteria was investigated. Neither SA nor ASA nor any combinations of the two drugs within the therapeutic range altered minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) or minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of mezlocillin and ciprofloxacin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens and Proteus vulgaris strains. It is concluded that SA and ASA do not seem to interfere with antimicrobial therapy of Gram-negative porin deficient bacteria.     

The Efficacy of Mezlocillin-Amikacin Combination in Febrile Neutropenic Children with Oncologic Disease

Summary

The efficacy of mexlocillin-amikacin combination as empirical therapy for febrile neutropenic patients was studied in 30 children (21 males, 9 females) with various oncologic diseases aged 1-15 years (mean age 7.3±4.4) in the Istanbul Medical School, Oncologic Disease Research and Treatment Center, and Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology between January 1 and May 31, 1988.

The response rate was 76.6%. Profound persistent granulocytopenia (fewer than 100 ml) was present in 70% of the patients. In 63.3% of patients, the infections were microbiologically documented (60%) gram( + ) and 40% gram( - ).

The combination was well tolerated with hepatic and/or renal disturbances in 8 cases (26.6%). We conclude that mezlocillin-amikacin is an effective empirical combination in the initial treatment of infections in febrile neutropenic children with various oncologic diseases.     

美洛西林钠的HPLC测定

以非那西丁为内标采用ＨＰＬＣ法测定美洛西林钠的含量,平均回收率为９９．７％,ＲＳＤ为０．１２％,方法专属性强,结果准确。     

Mezlocillin dose dependent elimination kinetics in renal impairment

Summary The effect of drug dose on mezlocillin elimination kinetics was examined in six subjects with normal renal function and in six anuric patients. Each subject received mezlocillin 1, 3 and 5 g as single intravenous doses separated by one week. Elimination was not prolonged by increasing the dose in subjects with normal renal function, but elimination kinetics were dose dependent in anuric patients. Therapeutic guidelines are suggested.     

3种临床用药方案治疗社区获得性肺炎的经济效果分析

目的探讨3种不同的临床治疗方案用于社区获得性肺炎(CAP)治疗的经济效果。方法运用药物经济学成本-效果分析法对美洛西林钠静脉滴注(A组)、美洛西林舒巴坦钠静脉滴注(B组)、头孢美唑静脉滴注(C组)进行回顾性分析评价。结果 3种药物治疗方案成本分别为1 935.51、806.8、1 998.1元;细菌清除率分别为90.32%、96.8%、93.10%(P>0.05);成本-效果比分别为19.74、18.63、20.83;有效率分别为93%、97%、96%(P<0.05)。结论综合考虑美洛西林舒巴坦钠静脉滴注为CAP治疗较佳方案。     

注射用美洛西林钠的HPLC测定

高效液相色普外标法测定注射用美洛西林钠的含量。采用Shim-PackCLC－ODS柱，以混合磷酸盐缓冲液－乙腈（65：35，pH＝6．1）为流动相，检测波长为298nm，线性范围为3．7μg（r＝0．9999），回收率为99．9％－100．0％，RSD小于0．54％。     

注射用美洛西林钠高分子杂质的研究

目的 建立TSK凝胶测定注射用美洛西林钠高分子杂质的方法,探讨高分子杂质与有关物质及聚合物的关系。方法 选用TSKgel G2000SWxl色谱柱,流动相为pH 7.0的0.005 mol·L^-1磷酸盐缓冲液,检测波长为210 nm。对204批次样品进行检测,检测结果与Sephadex G-10、有关物质结果进行相关性分析。结果 所建立的方法能有效检出注射用美洛西林钠中的高分子杂质。相关性分析表明,TSK系统检出的杂质包括聚合物以及分子量高于美洛西林的已知杂质。结论 TSK方法不能取代G-10方法,采用TSK色谱系统测定β-内酰胺类抗菌药物聚合物时,需进行充分的研究,以排除高分子杂质(非聚合物)对于聚合物测定的影响。     

注射用美洛西林钠舒巴坦钠与常用输液的配伍稳定性研究

目的:在25 ℃条件下考察24 h内注射用美洛西林钠舒巴坦钠与3种常用输液的配伍稳定性.方法:采用高效液相色谱法测定注射用美洛西林钠舒巴坦钠在3种输液中的含量变化,同时测定pH变化.结果:与3种常用输液配伍后,在24 h内 pH值基本没有变化,有效成分美洛西林钠、舒巴坦钠的含量及有关物质在12 h内基本无变化,在16 、24 h时有显著变化.结论:注射用美洛西林钠舒巴坦钠在3种常用输液中12 h内稳定.     

微柱凝胶免疫法检测人血中美洛西林针剂的IgM和IgG抗体

目的建立检测人血中美洛西林IgM和IgG抗体的微柱凝胶免疫法。方法O型人红细胞在pH=9.6的巴比妥缓冲液中经美洛西林针剂致敏后,与待检血清中美洛西林抗体在微柱凝胶上可发生免疫结合而出现凝集。结果待检的76份血清中有9份呈IgM和IgG抗体阳性。结论微柱凝胶免疫法可用于检测人血中美洛西林的IgM和IgG抗体,方法简便、灵敏、重复性好。